Galileo

Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei

Licº William H. Vegazo MuroLicº William H. Vegazo Muro

[email protected]@yahoo.com


Early YearsEarly Years

Born 15 Feb. 1564 in PisaBorn 15 Feb. 1564 in Pisa Educated in Camaldolese MonasteryEducated in Camaldolese Monastery Father wanted him to be a medical Father wanted him to be a medical

doctordoctor Interested in mathematicsInterested in mathematics


DiscoveriesDiscoveries Observed swinging lamps in Observed swinging lamps in

Cathedral of Pisa and found period Cathedral of Pisa and found period to be independent of the to be independent of the amplitude – idea for a pendulum amplitude – idea for a pendulum clockclock

Used inclined planes to prove that Used inclined planes to prove that bodies do not fall with velocities bodies do not fall with velocities proportionate to their weight but proportionate to their weight but proportionate to time.proportionate to time.

Disproved Aristotle’s view when he observed a Disproved Aristotle’s view when he observed a supernova and showed that the new star could not supernova and showed that the new star could not be close to the earth by parallax argumentsbe close to the earth by parallax arguments

Found that projectiles follow a parabolic pathFound that projectiles follow a parabolic path


Galileo’s TelescopeGalileo’s Telescope Improved Dutch spyglass Improved Dutch spyglass

to achieve 8-9X to achieve 8-9X magnificationmagnification

Observed mountains on Observed mountains on the moon, the Milky Way the moon, the Milky Way composed of tiny stars, composed of tiny stars, and sunspotsand sunspots

Accurately measured the period for four of Accurately measured the period for four of Jupiter’s moonsJupiter’s moons

Saw that Venus showed phases like the moon Saw that Venus showed phases like the moon did and must therefore orbit the Sun rather did and must therefore orbit the Sun rather than the Earththan the Earth Licº William H. Vegazo MuroLicº William H. Vegazo Muro

Copernican TheoryCopernican Theory

I hold that the Sun is located at the centre of the I hold that the Sun is located at the centre of the revolutions of the heavenly orbs and does not revolutions of the heavenly orbs and does not change place, and that the Earth rotates on itself change place, and that the Earth rotates on itself and moves around it. Moreover ... I confirm this and moves around it. Moreover ... I confirm this view not only by refuting view not only by refuting Ptolemy's and 's and AristotleAristotle's 's arguments, but also by producing many for the arguments, but also by producing many for the other side, especially some pertaining to physical other side, especially some pertaining to physical effects whose causes perhaps cannot be effects whose causes perhaps cannot be determined in any other way, and other determined in any other way, and other astronomical discoveries; these discoveries clearly astronomical discoveries; these discoveries clearly confute the Ptolemaic system, and they agree confute the Ptolemaic system, and they agree admirably with this other position and confirm it.admirably with this other position and confirm it.

In February 1632 Galileo published In February 1632 Galileo published Dialogue Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Systems of the World - Concerning the Two Chief Systems of the World - Ptolemaic and CopernicanPtolemaic and Copernican . -- Conclusion was right, . -- Conclusion was right, but the proof was wrongbut the proof was wrongLicº William H. Vegazo MuroLicº William H. Vegazo Muro

Catholic ChurchCatholic Church Galileo found guilty of Galileo found guilty of

breaching the Inquisition of breaching the Inquisition of 1616 and sentenced to lifelong 1616 and sentenced to lifelong imprisonmentimprisonment

Allowed house arrest rather Allowed house arrest rather than imprisonmentthan imprisonment

On 31 October 1992 Pope John Paul II spoke On 31 October 1992 Pope John Paul II spoke on behalf of the Catholic Church admitting on behalf of the Catholic Church admitting the theological advisors had made errors, the theological advisors had made errors, but did not admit that the Church was but did not admit that the Church was wrong to convict Galileo on a charge of wrong to convict Galileo on a charge of heresy because they were acting according heresy because they were acting according to the best of their knowledgeto the best of their knowledge


Interesting FactsInteresting Facts

In 1588 Galileo was invited to give a In 1588 Galileo was invited to give a lecture on the dimensions and location of lecture on the dimensions and location of hell in Dante’s Infernohell in Dante’s Inferno

He described his 18 years as professor of He described his 18 years as professor of mathematics at the Univ. of Padua as the mathematics at the Univ. of Padua as the happiest years in his lifehappiest years in his life


Cool QuotesCool Quotes [The universe] cannot be read until we have learnt the [The universe] cannot be read until we have learnt the

language and become familiar with the characters in which language and become familiar with the characters in which it is written. It is written in mathematical language, and the it is written. It is written in mathematical language, and the letters are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, letters are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without which means it is humanly impossible to without which means it is humanly impossible to comprehend a single word.comprehend a single word.Opere Il SaggiatoreOpere Il Saggiatore p. 171. p. 171.

I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect intended us to endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect intended us to forgo their use.forgo their use.Quoted in Des MacHale, Quoted in Des MacHale, WisdomWisdom (London, 2002). (London, 2002).

I have never met a man so ignorant that I couldn't learn I have never met a man so ignorant that I couldn't learn something from him. something from him.

All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them. the point is to discover them.


SourcesSources

http://www-history.mcs.st-http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Galileo.htmlGalileo.htmlSchool of Mathematics and Statistics School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St. Andrews, Scotland University of St. Andrews, Scotland

http://galileo.rice.edu/index.htmlhttp://galileo.rice.edu/index.htmlThe Galileo Project. The Galileo Project.

http://education.yahoo.com/reference/http://education.yahoo.com/reference/encyclopedia/entry?id=18251encyclopedia/entry?id=18251Yahoo EncyclopediaYahoo Encyclopedia


Galileo

Education

Transcript of Galileo