G-P-435 F Vol1 Engineering Drawing Practices

National Aeronautics andSpace Administration

John F. Kennedy Space Center

KSC FORM 16-12 (REV. 6/95) PREVIOUS EDITIONS ARE OBSOLETE (CG 11/95)

GP-435Volume I

REVISION F

ENGINEERING DRAWING PRACTICES

VOLUME I OF II

AEROSPACE AND GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

February 28, 2001

SPACEPORT ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYDIRECTORATE

METRIC/INCH POUND

GP-435Volume I

REVISION F

ENGINEERING DRAWING PRACTICES

VOLUME I OF II

AEROSPACE AND GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

Approved:

________________________________James R. HealdDirector of Spaceport Engineeringand Technology

February 28, 2001

CHANGED AUGUST 24, 2001

JOHN F. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, NASA

GP-435 Volume IRevision F, Change 1August 24, 2001

P2/MSWORD/GP-435.docii

RECORD OF REVISIONS/CHANGES

REVLTR

CHANGENO.

DESCRIPTION DATE

Basic Issue August 1, 1973

A General Revision December 18, 1978

A-1 Changed Revision 18, InterfaceControl Documents

July 2, 1979

A-2Changed paragraph 10.5.3.1 (f)Changed Section 16, ReferenceDesignations

October 31, 1980

B General Revision May 31,1984

B-1 Changed paragraph 10.6.5.4 January 9.1987

C General Revision March 5, 1991

C-1 Miscellaneous Changes to Sections I, II, III,IV, VII, and IX

March 30, 1992

D Revised to incorporate the metric system March 1, 1993

E Revised to incorporate minor miscellaneouschanges to all sections

June 2, 1997

E-1 Changed paragraphs 9.2.1.3 and 9.2.1.4 December 3, 1997

E-2 Change Notice to make pen-and-ink changeto page 9-5, paragraph 9.2.1.3 (blocks)

September 11, 1998

E-3 Change Notice to make pen-and-ink changeto page 9-2, paragraph 9.2.1.3 (block 1)

March 23, 1999

E-4 Change notice to make pen-and-ink changesto page 8-1, paragraphs 8.2 and 8.3

July 2, 1999

F General revision to incorporate changes E-1thru E-4, and to update references, drawingformat changes, drafting practices, anddrawing and part identification

February 28, 2001

F-1 Changed figures 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-17, 3-1,and 9-3; table 3-1; and paragraphs 3.6,9.2.1.1, 9.2.1.2, 9.4.3.1, and 9.4.4 forclarification.

August 24, 2001

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August 24, 2001

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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Insert latest changes; destroy superseded pages

NOTE

The portion of the text affected by the change is indicatedby a vertical line in the outer margin of page.

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS DOCUMENT IS 242, CONSISTING OF:

Page No. Issue Page No. Issue

i thru iii ..............................August 24, 2001iv (blank) ........................................ Originalv...................................................... Originalvi (blank) ........................................ Originalvii thru xvii ..................................... Originalxviii (blank).................................... Originalxix thru xxi ..................................... Originalxxii (blank) ..................................... Originalxxiii thru xxv.................................. Originalxxvi (blank) .................................... Original1-1 thru 1-14................................... Original2-1................................................... Original2-2 thru 2-3........................August 24, 20012-4................................................... Original2-5......................................August 24, 20012-6 thru 2-20................................... Original2-21....................................August 24, 20012-22 thru 2-28................................. Original3-1................................................... Original3-2 thru 3-3........................August 24, 20013-4 thru 3-5..................................... Original3-6 thru 3-7........................August 24, 2001

3-8 (blank) ...................................... Original4-1 thru 4-100................................. Original5-1 thru 5-4..................................... Original6-1 thru 6-13................................... Original6-14 (blank) .................................... Original7-1 thru 7-24................................... Original8-1 thru 8-3..................................... Original8-4 (blank) ...................................... Original9-1 thru 9-2........................August 24, 20019-3 thru 9-8..................................... Original9-9 thru 9-11......................August 24, 20019-12 thru 9-20................................. Original

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FOREWORD

This document establishes the requirements, procedures, and practices for the preparation,release, revision, change, maintenance, and control of engineering drawings prepared for or bythe John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), NASA. This document applies to those KSCengineering drawings used to fabricate, construct, install, modify, test, operate, maintain, andotherwise utilize aerospace and ground support equipment (GSE) and facilities at KSC. Theserequirements, procedures, and practices do not apply to the preparation of illustrations, artwork,or figures in technical publications.

The purpose of this document is to establish uniform engineering practices and methods for thepreparation and revision of engineering drawings used at KSC. This document is not intendedfor use as a text of drafting fundamentals or for the recording of design data or criteria. Thefigures and drawings shown herein are primarily intended to illustrate the particular draftingpractice under consideration and do not illustrate complete working drawings. KSC engineeringdesign best practices shall be in accordance with KSC-DE-512-SM and are not included in thisdocument.

Volume I of this manual applies to aerospace and ground support engineering drawings, andvolume II applies to facilities engineering drawings.

Requests for information or for making corrections or additions to this manual should be directedto the Spaceport Engineering and Technology Directorate, Mail Code: YA, Kennedy SpaceCenter, Florida 32899. Requests for additional copies of this document should be sent to theForms Warehouse, Kennedy Space Center, Florida 32899.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Title Page

I INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Scope ........................................................................................................ 1-11.2 Drafting Methods ..................................................................................... 1-11.3 Drawing Class .......................................................................................... 1-11.3.1 Nonmaintained Drawings ........................................................................ 1-21.3.2 Maintained Drawings ............................................................................... 1-21.3.3 Measurement Units .................................................................................. 1-21.4 Applicable Documents ............................................................................. 1-21.4.1 Governmental .......................................................................................... 1-21.4.1.1 Specifications ........................................................................................... 1-31.4.1.2 Standards .................................................................................................. 1-41.4.1.3 Drawings .................................................................................................. 1-51.4.1.4 Procedures ................................................................................................ 1-61.4.1.5 Publications .............................................................................................. 1-61.4.2 Non-Governmental .................................................................................. 1-61.5 Definitions ............................................................................................... 1-10

II GENERAL DRAFTING PRACTICES ................................................... 2-1

2.1 Scope ........................................................................................................ 2-12.2 Signatures, Approvals, Dates, and Block Entries .................................... 2-12.2.1 CAD Drawing .......................................................................................... 2-12.2.2 Revision Blocks ....................................................................................... 2-12.2.3 Title Blocks .............................................................................................. 2-32.3 Parts Identification/Parts List ................................................................... 2-42.3.1 Parts Identification ................................................................................... 2-42.3.2 Parts List .................................................................................................. 2-42.3.3 Parts List Using Simplified Formats......................................................... 2-42.4 Drawing Scale........................................................................................... 2-42.4.1 Selection of Scale. .................................................................................... 2-42.4.2 Indication of Scale. ................................................................................... 2-42.4.3 Decimal Scale ........................................................................................... 2-112.4.4 Common Fraction Scale. .......................................................................... 2-112.4.5 Not to Scale............................................................................................... 2-112.5 Callouts on Drawings .............................................................................. 2-112.5.1 Item (Find) Numbers ............................................................................... 2-112.5.2 Mechanical Find Numbers and Reference Designators ........................... 2-112.6 Weight of Components ............................................................................ 2-13

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont)

Section Title Page

2.8 Dual Dimensioning. .................................................................................. 2-132.9 Metric Values............................................................................................ 2-132.10 Screw Threads........................................................................................... 2-162.11 Mechanical Springs................................................................................... 2-162.12 Gears ........................................................................................................ 2-162.13 Forgings .................................................................................................... 2-162.14 Optical Elements and Optical Systems .................................................... 2-162.15 Welding Practices ................................................................................... . 2-162.16 Abbreviations ........................................................................................... 2-162.17 Graphic Symbols ...................................................................................... 2-162.18 Surface Texture......................................................................................... 2-162.19 Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Drawings ............................................. 2-182.20 CAD Line Variance . ................................................................................ 2-182.21 Multiviews and Sectional Views ............................................................. 2-192.22 Section, Detail, and View Identification .................................................. 2-192.23 Continuation Symbol ................................................................................ 2-212.24 Identification Marking ............................................................................ . 2-222.24.1 Marking Requirements ............................................................................ 2-222.24.2 Drawing Requirements . ........................................................................... 2-222.24.2.1 Location and Size ..................................................................................... 2-222.24.2.2 Assembly Marking ................................................................................... 2-222.25 Legibility and Reproducibility ................................................................. 2-232.25.1 Lines ......................................................................................................... 2-232.25.1.1 Line Quality ............................................................................................. 2-232.25.1.2 Line Width .............................................................................................. . 2-232.25.1.3 Line Spacing ............................................................................................ . 2-232.25.2 Lettering ................................................................................................... 2-252.25.2.1 Typewritten Lettering .............................................................................. 2-252.25.2.2 Preprinted Lettering ................................................................................. 2-252.25.3 Signatures and Dates ................................................................................ 2-252.25.4 Symbols ................................................................................................... 2-252.25.5 Cross-Section Areas ................................................................................. 2-252.26 Drawing Checking ................................................................................... 2-252.26.1 Quality ..................................................................................................... 2-252.26.2 Title Blocks .............................................................................................. 2-272.26.3 Drawing Practices .................................................................................... 2-272.26.4 Parts List .................................................................................................. 2-282.26.5 Revisions .................................................................................................. 2-28

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Section Title Page

III DRAWING FORMAT ............................................................................ 3-1

3.1 Size, Format, Title Block, and Material ................................................... 3-13.2 Preferred Formats .................................................................................... 3-13.2.1 Zoning of Drawings ................................................................................. 3-13.2.2 Microfilming Alignment Arrowheads ..................................................... 3-13.3 Roll-Size Format ...................................................................................... 3-13.3.1 Zoning ...................................................................................................... 3-53.3.2 Margins .................................................................................................... 3-53.3.3 Match Lines-Alignment Arrowheads ...................................................... 3-53.3.4 Supplemental Drawing Number Blocks ................................................. . 3-53.4 Security Classification and Notation ....................................................... 3-53.5 Parts List .................................................................................................. 3-63.6 Notice ....................................................................................................... 3-63.7 KSC Contractor Drawing Format ............................................................ 3-63.8 Preprinted Drawing Format Materials ..................................................... 3-63.9 Computer-Generated Drawing Formats and Materials ............................ 3-63.10 Metric-Size Paper .................................................................................... 3-7

IV TYPES OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS ............................................. 4-1

4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 4-14.2 Advanced Electrical Schematic (AES) .................................................... 4-24.2.1 Definitions ............................................................................................... 4-24.2.2 Application .............................................................................................. 4-24.2.3 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-114.3 Elementary Electrical Schematic (EES) .................................................. 4-154.3.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-154.3.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-154.4 Electrical Single-Line Diagram ............................................................... 4-174.4.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-174.4.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-174.5 Electrical Two-Line DC Power Diagram ................................................ 4-184.5.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-184.5.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-184.6 Cable Interconnect Diagram (CID) .......................................................... 4-184.6.1 Definitions ............................................................................................... 4-194.6.2 Application .............................................................................................. 4-194.6.3 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-19


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4.7 Mechanical Schematic ............................................................................. 4-274.7.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-274.7.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-274.8 Electromechanical Control Diagram (EMCD) ........................................ . 4-294.8.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-294.8.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-294.9 System Mechanical Schematic (SMS)...................................................... 4-314.9.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-324.9.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-324.10 System Block Diagram (BD) .................................................................... 4-324.10.1 Definitions ................................................................................................ 4-324.10.2 Application ............................................................................................... 4-324.10.3 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-324.11 Ground Integrated Schematic (GIS) ......................................................... 4-354.11.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-354.11.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-364.12 Logic Diagram .......................................................................................... 4-364.12.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-364.12.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-364.12.2.1 Basic Logic Diagram ................................................................................ 4-364.12.2.2 Detailed Logic Diagram............................................................................ 4-364.13 Functional Flow Diagram ......................................................................... 4-364.13.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-364.13.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-364.14 Specification Drawings............................................................................ . 4-374.14.1 Equipment Procurement/Performance Specification Drawing................ . 4-374.14.1.1 Application .............................................................................................. . 4-374.14.1.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-374.14.2 Component Procurement/Performance Specification Drawing................ 4-374.14.2.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-374.14.2.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-374.14.3 Process Specification Drawing ................................................................ . 4-374.14.3.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-384.14.3.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-384.14.4 Material Specification Drawing................................................................ 4-384.14.4.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-384.14.4.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... . 4-384.15 Component Maintenance Drawing ........................................................... 4-384.15.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-38

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4.15.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-384.16 Cable Harness Drawing ....................................................... ..................... 4-444.16.1 Application ................................................................... ........................... 4-444.16.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-444.17 Cable Assembly Drawing ........................................................................ 4-444.17.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-444.17.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-444.18 Cable Installation Drawing ...................................................................... 4-444.18.1 Application. .............................................................................................. 4-444.18.2 Requirements ............................................................................................ 4-474.19 Cable Subassembly Drawing .................................................................... 4-474.19.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-474.19.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-474.20 Printed-Wiring Drawing . ......................................................................... 4-474.20.1 Printed-Wiring Assembly Drawing ......................................................... 4-474.20.1.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-474.20.1.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-474.20.2 Printed-Wiring Master Pattern Drawing .................................................. 4-514.20.2.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-514.20.2.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-514.21 Assembly Drawing............................................................. ....................... 4-514.21.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-514.21.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-514.21.2.1 Electrical Items ........................................................................................ 4-514.21.2.2 Attaching Parts ......................................................................................... 4-544.22 Detail Assembly Drawing ........................................................................ 4-544.22.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-544.22.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-544.23 Detail Drawing ......................................................................................... 4-544.23.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-544.23.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-544-24 Arrangement Drawing ............................................................................. 4-544.24.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-574.24.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-574.25 Envelope Drawing ................................................................................... 4-574.25.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-574.25.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-574.26 Installation Drawing ................................................................................ 4-574.26.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-57


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4.26.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-574.27 Space Allocation Drawing ....................................................................... 4-594.27.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-594.27.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-594.28 Matched-Parts Drawing ........................................................................... 4-594.28.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-594.28.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-604.29 Altered-Part Drawing ............................................................................... 4-604.29.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-604.29.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-604.30 Modification Drawing .............................................................................. 4-604.30.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-604.30.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-604.31 Layout and Proposal Drawings ................................................................ 4-624.31.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-624.31.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-624.32 Undimensioned Drawing ......................................................................... 4-624.32.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-624.32.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-624.33 Block Diagram ......................................................................................... 4-634.33.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-634.33.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-634.34 Sketch Drawing ........................................................................................ 4-634.34.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-634.34.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-634.35 Interface Control Drawing ....................................................................... 4-634.35.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-634.35.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-664.35.3 Changes .................................................................................................... 4-664.36 System/Equipment Parts List ................................................................... 4-664.36.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-664.36.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-664.37 Electrical Wire Running List ................................................................... 4-664.37.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-664.37.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-664.38 Patch List ................................................................................................. 4-714.38.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-714.38.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-714.38.3 Special Considerations ............................................................................. 4-82

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Section Title Page

4.39 System/Equipment Documentation List . ................................................. 4-834.39.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-834.39.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-834.40 Index List ................................................................................................. 4-834.40.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-834.40.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-834.41 Electrical Power Riser Diagram .............................................................. 4-854.41.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-854.41.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-854.42 Electrical Panel Schedule ......................................................................... 4-854.42.1 Application ............................................................................................... 4-854.42.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-864.43 System Mechanical Schematic/Electromechanical Control Diagram

(SMS/EMCD) .......................................................................................... 4-864.43.1 Definitions ............................................................................................... 4-864.43.2 Application .............................................................................................. 4-874.43.3 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-874.44 Standard Interface Document (SID) ........................................................ 4-904.44.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-924.44.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-924.45 Hardware Interface Module (HIM) Configuration Document (HCD) ..... 4-924.45.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-924.45.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-924.46 Operation and Maintenance Requirements and Specifications

Document (OMRSD) ............................................................................... 4-974.46.1 Application .............................................................................................. 4-974.46.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 4-97

V DRAWING TITLES AND ITEM NOMENCLATURE .......................... 5-1

5.1 General ..................................................................................................... 5-15.2 Requirements ........................................................................................... 5-15.2.1 First Part ................................................................................................... 5-15.2.1.1 Basic Name . ............................................................................................. 5-15.2.1.2 Modifiers .................................................................................................. 5-15.2.2 Second Part .............................................................................................. 5-15.3 Rules ........................................................................................................ 5-2


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Section Title Page

VI DRAWING AND PART IDENTIFICATION ......................................... 6-1

6.1 Scope ........................................................................................................ 6-16.2 Identification Requirements ..................................................................... 6-16.2.1 Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) Code ............................... 6-16.2.2 Referenced Documents ............................................................................ 6-16.2.3 Drawing Number ..................................................................................... 6-16.2.4 Records .................................................................................................... 6-26.2.5 Transferring Design Responsibility to Another Organization ................. 6-26.3 Part Number ............................................................................................. 6-26.3.1 Item Identification and Part Number ....................................................... 6-36.3.2 Reidentification ........................................................................................ 6-46.3.3 Identification on Drawings ...................................................................... 6-46.3.4 CAGE Code and Part Numbers ............................................................... 6-46.3.5 Numbering of Related Parts ..................................................................... 6-46.3.5.1 Matched Parts Designation ...................................................................... 6-46.3.5.2 Symmetrically Opposite Parts .................................................................. 6-46.3.5.3 Inseparable Assembly .............................................................................. 6-56.3.6 Changes Requiring New Identification .................................................... 6-56.3.7 Changes Not Requiring New Identification ............................................. 6-56.4 Identification of Materials, Processes, and Protective Treatment ............ 6-66.4.1 Group Identification ................................................................................. 6-66.4.2 Other Identification .................................................................................. 6-66.4.3 Formulation Identification ....................................................................... 6-66.4.4 Bulk Materials Identification ................................................................... 6-66.5 Interface Control Identification ................................................................ 6-76.6 Reference Designations ........................................................................... 6-76.6.1 Mechanical Find Number ....................................................................... 6-76.6.1.1 Records .................................................................................................... 6-76.6.1.2 Find Number and Use .............................................................................. 6-76.6.2 Electrical Reference Designator .............................................................. 6-76.6.2.1 Records .................................................................................................... 6-86.6.2.2 Electrical Reference Designator Number ................................................ 6-86.6.2.3 Electrical Reference Designator Use ....................................................... 6-86.6.2.4 Cable Assemblies ..................................................................................... 6-86.6.2.5 Buses ........................................................................................................ 6-11

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Section Title Page

VII DRAWING NOTES. ................................................................................ 7-1

7.1 General...................................................................................................... 7-17.2 Drawing Note Types . ............................................................................... 7-17.2.1 General Notes ........................................................................................... 7-17.2.2 Specific Notes. .......................................................................................... 7-27.2.3 Flag Notes ................................................................................................ 7-27.3 Language Style ......................................................................................... 7-27.4 Commonly Used Words and Phrases ....................................................... 7-37.5 Use of "Shall," "Will," "Should," and "May" .......................................... 7-37.6 Indefinite Terms ....................................................................................... 7-37.7 Note Contents .......................................................................................... 7-47.8 Material Notes ......................................................................................... 7-67.9 Castings .................................................................................................... 7-77.10 Electrical and Electronic .......................................................................... 7-97.11 Finishes, Applied ..................................................................................... 7-107.12 Finishes, Machined . ................................................................................. 7-187.13 Forgings ................................................................................................... 7-187.14 Heat Treatment ......................................................................................... 7-207.15 Inspection ................................................................................................. 7-207.16 Riveting .................................................................................................... 7-217.17 Threads and Threaded Fasteners .............................................................. 7-227.18 Welding, Brazing, and Soldering ............................................................. 7-237.19 Miscellaneous .......................................................................................... 7-24

VIII DRAWING RELEASE AND CONTROL .............................................. 8-1

8.1 Scope ........................................................................................................ 8-18.2 Documentation Release Authorization Form .......................................... 8-18.3 Drawing Release Application .................................................................. 8-18.4 Preliminary Release ................................................................................. 8-18.5 Preliminary Release Marking .................................................................. 8-28.6 Final Release ............................................................................................ 8-28.7 Drawing Revision/Change Release ......................................................... 8-28.8 Release Records ....................................................................................... 8-28.9 Drawing Control ...................................................................................... 8-28.10 Duplicate Originals .................................................................................. 8-28.11 Drawing Record ....................................................................................... 8-3


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IX DRAWING CHANGES AND REVISIONS ........................................... 9-1

9.1 Scope ........................................................................................................ 9-19.2 Change Methods ...................................................................................... 9-19.2.1 Changes By EO ........................................................................................ 9-19.2.1.1 Accounting for EO’s in Revision Blocks ................................................ 9-19.2.1.2 EO Format ............................................................................................... 9-29.2.1.3 Preparation of the Engineering Order (KSC Form 21-34) ....................... 9-29.2.1.4 Preparation of the Engineering Order Continuation Sheet

(KSC Form 21-34A) ................................................................................ 9-89.3 Revision Methods .................................................................................... 9-99.3.1 Revision Drawing Practices ..................................................................... 9-99.3.2 Change in Dimensions ............................................................................. 9-99.4 Recording Revisions on Drawings ........................................................... 9-99.4.1 Zone ......................................................................................................... 9-99.4.2 Revision Letter ......................................................................................... 9-99.4.3 Description ............................................................................................... 9-99.4.3.1 Sheet 1 of Drawing .................................................................................. 9-99.4.3.2 Succeeding Sheets .................................................................................... 9-119.4.4 Revision Date ........................................................................................... 9-119.4.5 Approval .................................................................................................. 9-119.4.6 Separating Revisions ............................................................................... 9-119.5 Revision Identification ............................................................................. 9-119.5.1 Revision Letters ....................................................................................... 9-119.5.2 Revision Symbols .................................................................................... 9-129.6 Revision of Multiple-Sheet Drawings ..................................................... 9-129.6.1 Adding Sheets .......................................................................................... 9-129.6.1.1 Inserting New Sheets ............................................................................... 9-129.6.1.2 Adding Sheets to the End ........................................................................ 9-149.6.1.3 Inserting New Sheets and Renumbering .................................................. 9-149.6.2 Deleting Sheets ........................................................................................ 9-159.6.2.1 Deleting Sheets Without Renumbering ................................................... 9-169.6.2.2 Deleting Sheets and Renumbering ........................................................... 9-169.6.2.3 Reinstating Cancelled/Deleted Sheets .................................................... 9-169.6.3 Rearranging Sheets .................................................................................. 9-179.7 Cancelled Drawings ................................................................................. 9-199.8 Obsolete Drawings ................................................................................... 9-19

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Section Title Page

9.9 Redrawn or Replotted Drawings .............................................................. 9-199.10 Reinstating a Cancelled/Obsolete Drawing ............................................. 9-199.11 Documentation Files ................................................................................. 9-20

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Title Page

2-1 Revision Block Entries on A- and B-Size Drawings ............................... 2-22-2 Revision Block Entries on Drawings Larger Than B-Size ...................... 2-32-3 Title Block Entries on Aerospace and Ground Support Equipment

Drawings .................................................................................................. 2-52-4 Margin Number Block Entries on Drawings Larger Than

A-Size ...................................................................................................... 2-72-5 Title Block Entries on Drawing Continuation Sheets .............................. 2-82-6 Parts List Format for Aerospace and Ground Support Equipment

Drawings .................................................................................................. 2-92-7 Simplified Parts List Format .................................................................... 2-102-8 Simplified Parts List Format for Use When Parts or Quantity

Takeoff Is To Be Performed by the Contractor . ...................................... 2-102-9 Typical Example of Item (Find) Numbers ............................................... 2-122-10 Position Method ....................................................................................... 2-142-11 Bracket Method ........................................................................................ 2-152-12 Surface Roughness Produced by Common Production Methods ............ 2-172-13 Section, Detail, or View Callouts ............................................................ 2-192-14 Section, Detail, or View Identification .................................................... 2-202-15 Location Symbol....................................................................................... 2-202-16 Example of Callouts of a Section, Detail, or View Used in Multiple

Places ....................................................................................................... 2-202-17 Continuation Symbol ............................................................................... 2-212-18 Identification Location ............................................................................. 2-232-19 Line Standards ......................................................................................... 2-243-1 Drawing Zones ......................................................................................... 3-33-2 Alignment Arrowheads ............................................................................ 3-43-3 Supplemental Drawing Number Block .................................................... 3-54-1 Typical Advanced Electrical Schematic .................................................. 4-34-2 Typical Elementary Electrical Schematic ................................................ 4-164-3 Typical Cable Interconnect Diagram ....................................................... 4-204-4 Typical Mechanical Schematic. ................................................................ 4-284-5 Typical Electromechanical Control Diagram .......................................... 4-304-6 Typical System Mechanical Schematic ................................................... 4-334-7 Typical System Block Diagram ............................................................... 4-344-8 Typical Component Maintenance Drawing ............................................. 4-394-9 Typical Wire Harness Drawing ............................................................... 4-454-10 Typical Cable Assembly Drawing ........................................................... 4-464-11 Typical Cable Installation Drawing ......................................................... 4-484-12 Cable Subassembly Drawing ................................................................... 4-49


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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont)

Figure Title Page

4-13 Typical Printed-Wiring Assembly Drawing ............................................ 4-504-14 Typical Printed-Wiring Master Pattern Drawing ..................................... 4-524-15 Typical Assembly Drawing ..................................................................... 4-534-16 Typical Detail Assembly Drawing ........................................................... 4-554-17 Typical Detail Drawing ............................................................................ 4-564-18 Typical Installation Drawing ................................................................... 4-584-19 Typical Altered-Part Drawing .................................................................. 4-614-20 Typical Block Diagram ............................................................................ 4-644-21 Interface Control Document .................................................................. .. 4-654-22 Interface Revision Notice .................................................................... .... 4-674-23 System/Equipment Parts List ................................................................... 4-694-24 Typical Wire Running List ...................................................................... 4-704-25 Typical Patch List .................................................................................... 4-724-26 Patch List Engineering Order ................................................................... 4-764-27 Processing Patch Lists and EO's .............................................................. 4-784-28 Example of Correct/Incorrect Patching ................................................... 4-804-29 System/Equipment Documentation List .................................................. 4-844-30 Typical System Mechanical Schematic/Electromechanical

Control Diagram ...................................................................................... 4-884-31 Typical Standard Interface Document ..................................................... 4-914-32 Typical HIM Configuration Document .................................................... 4-934-33 Typical OMRSD Data on KSC Form 21-374 .......................................... 4-984-34 Typical OMRSD Data on KSC Form 21-2D ........................................... 4-996-1 NASA KSC CAGE Code Number on Drawings ..................................... 6-26-2 Electrical Reference Designation for Assemblies and

Subassemblies .......................................................................................... 6-96-3 Cable Assembly Reference Designators .................................................. 6-106-4 Example of Electrical Reference Designators on an Electrical

Schematic ................................................................................................. 6-126-5 Bus Designators ....................................................................................... 6-137-1 Format for List of General Notes ............................................................. 7-17-2 Format for List of Specific Notes ............................................................ 7-27-3 Flag Note Size .......................................................................................... 7-29-1 Engineering Order (KSC Form 21-34) .................................................... 9-39-2 Engineering Order Continuation Sheet (KSC Form 21-34A) .................. 9-49-3 Examples of Typical Revision Recordings .............................................. 9-109-4 Revision Symbol ...................................................................................... 9-119-5 Revision Status ........................................................................................ 9-139-6 Insertion of a New Sheet .......................................................................... 9-14

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont)

Figure Title Page

9-7 New Sheet Added to End of Drawing ..................................................... 9-159-8 Insertion of a New Sheet With the Drawing Renumbered ...................... 9-169-9 Deleting Sheets Without Renumbering ................................................... 9-179-10 Deleting Sheets and Renumbering ........................................................... 9-189-11 Reinstating a Cancelled/Deleting Sheet.................................................... 9-18

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

2-1 Minimum Letter and Number Sizes on KSC Aerospace and GroundSupport Equipment Drawings .................................................................. 2-26

3-1 Drawing Format List ................................................................................ 3-23-2 Comparison of International and U.S. Customary Drawing Sizes .......... 3-77-1 Castings .................................................................................................... 7-77-2 Electrical and Electronic .......................................................................... 7-97-3 Finishes, Applied ..................................................................................... 7-107-4 Finishes, Machined .................................................................................. 7-187-5 Forgings ................................................................................................... 7-187-6 Heat Treatment ........................................................................................ 7-207-7 Inspection ................................................................................................. 7-207-8 Riveting .................................................................................................... 7-217-9 Threads and Threaded Fasteners .............................................................. 7-227-10 Welding, Brazing, and Soldering ............................................................. 7-237-11 Miscellaneous .......................................................................................... 7-24

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AC, ac alternating currentAES advanced electrical schematicAIIM Association for Information and Image ManagementAM-NAT American National Standard Thread designationAMS Aerospace Materials SpecificationAN Air Force/Navy, Army/NavyANSI American National Standard InstituteAR as requiredASSY assemblyASME American Society of Mechanical EngineersASTM American Society for Testing and MaterialsAWA automatic wiring analyzerAWS American Welding SocietyBD block diagramCAD computer-aided design/draftingCAGE Commercial and Government EntityCCBD Configuration Control Board DirectiveCDR critical design reviewCDS central data systemCID cable interconnect diagramCMDS Configuration Management Data SystemDC, dc direct currentDIA diameterDOD Department of DefenseDRA Document Release AuthorizationDWG drawingDXF designation for drawing interchange fileEDC Engineering Documentation CenterEES elementary electrical schematicse.g. for exampleEHS extra-high-strength steelEMCD electromechanical control diagramEO engineering orderESR Engineering Support Requestetc. and so forthFED FederalGA gaugeGIS ground integrated schematicGOAL Ground Operations Aerospace LanguageGPM gallons per minute


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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS (cont)

GSE ground support equipmentHCD hardware interface module configuration documentHCDS hardware interface module configuration document systemHIM hardware interface moduleICD interface control document (or drawing)i.e. that isIGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specificationin inchINC incorporatedINSTL installationIPC Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic CircuitsIRN interface revision noticeJSC Lyndon B. Johnson Space CenterkPa kilopascalKSC John F. Kennedy Space CenterKSI kips per square inchlb poundLCC Launch Control CenterLC-39 Launch Complex 39LOX, LO2 liquid oxygenLPS Launch Processing SystemLRU line-replaceable unitMATL materialMF microfilmMFR manufacturer'sMIL militaryMLP Mobile Launcher Platformmm millimeterMPa megapascalMS military standardMSFC George C. Marshall Space Flight CenterNAS National Aerospace StandardNASA National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNo. numberNTS not to scaleOMD operations and maintenance documentationOMRSD operation and maintenance requirements and specifications documentOPF Orbiter Processing FacilityPDR preliminary design review

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS (cont)

PR Problem ReportQTY quantityRa roughness averageREQD requiredREV revisionSAE Society of Automotive EngineersSh, sht sheetSI International System of UnitsSID standard interface documentSMR source maintenance and repairSMS system mechanical schematicSPEC specificationSPECSINTACT specifications kept intactSTD standardSUB subtractSubassy subassemblySYM symbolTDRS Tracking and Data Relay SatelliteUNF unified fine (thread series)UNS unified numbering systemUTS ultimate tensile strengthVAB Vehicle Assembly BuildingVPF Vertical Processing FacilityWILMA Wire List Maintenance (system)YA Spaceport Engineering and Technology DirectorateµF microfaradΩ ohm

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SECTION I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 SCOPE

This manual establishes the requirements, procedures, and practices for the preparation, release,revision, modification, maintenance, and control of engineering drawings prepared for or by theJohn F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), NASA. Volume I of this manual applies to those draw-ings used to fabricate, construct, install, test, operate, maintain, and otherwise utilize aerospaceand ground support equipment (GSE) at KSC. Volume II applies to drawings used to construct,test, operate, maintain, and otherwise utilize facilities at KSC. These requirements do not applyto the preparation of illustrations, artwork, or figures in technical publications. KSC engineeringdesign practices shall be in accordance with KSC-DE-512-SM and are not included in thisdocument.

To establish uniform engineering practices and methods for the preparation and revision of aero-space and ground support equipment engineering drawings used at KSC, volume I provides:

a. Drafting practices including mechanical and electrical conventions

b. Drawing formats

c. Types of engineering drawings

d. Procedures for the creation of titles for drawings

e. Methods for revision and change of drawings

f. Procedures for numbering and identification of drawings and part identification

1.2 DRAFTING METHODS

The requirements, procedures, and practices specified herein shall be followed in preparation ofdrawings by both manual drafting and computer-aided drafting (CAD) methods. Selection of theappropriate drafting method to be used shall be made by the responsible design organization.CAD hardware and software may be used to prepare drawing layouts, details, and formats.

1.3 DRAWING CLASS

The class of a drawing shall be determined by the responsible design organization, based uponthe purpose and intent of the drawing and upon operational requirements.


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1.3.1 NONMAINTAINED DRAWINGS. Nonmaintained drawings are prepared for definingdesign criteria, performing studies, design evaluation, initial construction, fabrication or modifi-cation, installation, and qualification and acceptance testing of facilities, systems, and equipment.Upon completion of fabrication, installation, construction, or modification, nonmaintained draw-ings shall be revised to document the as-built configuration and may be revised to maintain theconfiguration. As-built drawings, when revised, must conform to section IX of this volume. En-gineering Orders (EO's) may be issued to change nonmaintained drawings when it is more costeffective to change a drawing than to produce a modification drawing.

1.3.2 MAINTAINED DRAWINGS. Maintained drawings are prepared to document facility,system, and equipment hardware and software configurations. Maintained drawings shall be keptup to date through revisions and the issuance of EO's to the drawings. Changes made by EOshall be incorporated into maintained drawings when the number of outstanding EO’s exceed 10.Maintained drawings include operations and maintenance documentation (OMD).

1.3.3 MEASUREMENT UNITS. This document contains values in both metric and U.S. Cus-tomary units. In many cases, the two values shown for the same criterion are not exact conver-sions of each other. The metric conversions are rounded, rational values that provide reasonableguidelines when working in metric units in the same manner as the customary units provideguidelines for working in nonmetric units. Therefore, when performing drawing functions formetric projects, the metric values shown shall be used exclusively. Likewise, when performingdrawing functions for nonmetric projects, the customary values shown shall be used exclusively.The customary values shall not be soft-converted to metric for use on metric projects or viceversa.

1.4 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. When thisdocument is used for procurement, including solicitations, or is added to an existing contract, thespecific revision levels, amendments, and approval dates of said documents shall be specified inan attachment to the Solicitation/Statement of Work/Contract.

1.4.1 GOVERNMENTAL

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

NASA-SPEC-5004 Welding of Aerospace Ground Support Equip-ment and Related Nonconventional Facilities,Specification for

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1.4.1.1 Specifications.

John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), NASA

KSC-E-165 Electrical Ground Support Equipment, Specifica-tion for

KSC-W-167 Wiring Programming System Patchboards, Speci-fication for

KSC-SPEC-Z-0002 Welding, Aluminum Alloy Pipe, Tubing andAssociated Fittings, Specification for

KSC-SPEC-Z-0005 Brazing,Steel, Copper, Aluminum, Nickel, andMagnesium Alloys, Specification for

KSC-SPEC-Z-0013 Penetrant, Magnetic Particle and UltrasonicInspection, Requirements for, Specification for

Federal

A-A-208 Ink, Marking, Stencil, Opaque (Porous and Non-Porous Surfaces)

A-A-50557 Primer, Water-Borne, Acrylic or ModifiedAcrylic, for Metal Surfaces

A-A-50570 Paint, Water-Borne, Acrylic or Modified Acrylic,Semigloss, for Metal Surfaces

A-A-56032 Ink, Marking, Epoxy Base

L-P-00519 Plastic Sheet, Tracing, Glazed and Matte Finish

QQ-C-320 Chromium Plating (Electrodeposited)

QQ-N-290 Nickel Plating (Electrodeposited)

QQ-P-416 Plating, Cadmium (Electrodeposited)UU-P-561Paper, Tracing

Military

MIL-A-8625 Anodic Coatings for Aluminum and AluminumAlloys


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MIL-C-5541 Chemical Conversion Coatings on Aluminum andAluminum Alloys

MIL-DTL-16232 Phosphate Coating, Heavy, Manganese, or ZincBase (for Ferrous Metals)

MIL-I-46058C Insulating Compound, Electrical (for CoatingPrinted Circuit Assemblies)

MIL-PRF-23827 Grease, Aircraft and Instrument, Gear and Actua-tor Screw, NATO Code Number G-354, Metric

MIL-S-22473 Sealing, Locking, and Retaining Compounds (Sin-gle Component)

U.S. Department of Commerce National Bureau of Standards

Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES)Version 4.0 or subsequent versions

1.4.1.2 Standards.


KSC-STD-152-2 Graphic Symbols for Drawings, Part 2; GroundSupport Equipment, Standard for

KSC-STD-C-0001 Protective Coating of Carbon Steel, StainlessSteel and Aluminum on Launch Structures, andGround Support Equipment, Standard for

KSC-STD-E-0010 Soldering of Electrical Connections (Hand orMachine)

KSC-STD-E-0015 Marking of Ground Support Equipment, Stan-dard for

KSC-STD-P-0001 Equipment Procurement/Performance Specifica-tions, Preparation of

KSC-STD-P-0002 Component/Performance Specification, Prepara-tion of

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George C. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), NASA

MSFC-STD-156 Riveting, Fabrication and Inspection

MSFC-STD-349 Electrical and Electronics Reference Designations

Federal

FED-STD-595 Colors Used in Government Procurement

Military

MIL-STD-12 Abbreviations for Use on Drawings, Specifica-tions, Standards and in Technical Documents

MIL-STD-34 Preparation of Drawings for Optical Elementsand Optical Systems, General Requirements for

MIL-STD-171 Finishing of Metal and Wood Surfaces

MIL-STD-870 Cadmium Plating, Low Embrittlement, Elec-trode position

MIL-STD-889 Dissimilar Metals

MIL-STD-961 Department of Defense Standard Practice DefenseSpecifications

MIL-STD-2175 Castings, Classification and Inspection of

MS-18068 Setscrew, Hexagon Socket, Cone Point, 250Deg F Self-Locking Element, Corrosion Resist-ing Steel, Passivated

MS-33537 Insert, Screw Thread, Helical Coil, Coarse andFine Thread, Standard Assembly Dimensions for

1.4.1.3 Drawings.


75M50393 Identification Plate, KSC GSE


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79K09579 KSC Facilities, Systems, and Equipment Organi-zational Level OMD Baseline

1.4.1.4 Procedures.

Spaceport Engineering and Technology Directorate (YA)

DL-NED No. 009 Procedure for HIM Configuration Document andGSE Function Designator Generation

KDP-KSC-P-1537 Document Release Authorization (DRA) Process

1.4.1.5 Publications.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

NASA TM-103575 Space Transportation System and AssociatedPayloads: Glossary, Acronyms, and Abbrevia-tions


KSC-DE-512-SM Facility, System and Equipment General DesignRequirements

Military

DOD 5220.22-M National Industrial Security Program OperatingManual

Cataloging Handbook H4/8 Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE)

Copies of specifications, standards, drawings, and publications required by suppliers in connec-tion with specified procurement functions should be obtained from the procuring activity or asdirected by the Contracting Officer.

1.4.2 NON-GOVERNMENTAL.

Aerospace Industries Association of America. Inc., National Aerospace Standard (NAS)

NAS 523 Fastener Code

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NASM 33540 Safety Wiring and Cotter Pinning, General Prac-tices for

NASM 8177 Fasteners, Blind, High Strength, InstallationFormed, Alloy Steel, General Specification for

(Application for copies should be addressed to the Aerospace Industries Association of America,Inc., 1250 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20005)

American National Standards Institute/Association for Information and Image Man-agement (ANSI/AIIM)

ANSI/AIIM MS 5 Microfiche

ANSI/AIIM MS 32 Standard Recommended Practice - Microre-cording of Engineering Source Documents on 35mm Microfilm

(Application for copies should be addressed to the Association for Information and Image Man-agement, 1100 Wayne Ave., Suite 1100, Silver Springs, MD 20910-5603)

American National Standards Institute/American Welding Society (ANSI/AWS)

ANSI/AWS A2.4 Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing and Non-destructive Examination

ANSI/AWS A3.0 Standard Welding Terms and Definitions

(Applications for copies should be addressed to the American Welding Society, Inc., 550 N.W.LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126)

American National Standards Institute/Association Connecting Electronics Industries(ANSI/IPC)

ANSI/IPC-D-325 Documentation Requirements for Printed Boards,Assemblies, and Support Drawings

(Applications for copies should be addressed to Association Connecting Electronics Industries,2215 Sanders Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-6135)

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNRThread Form)


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ASME B4.2 Preferred Metric Limits and Fits

ASME B4.3 General Tolerances for Metric DimensionedProducts

ASME B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness,and Lay)

ASME B94.6 Knurling

ASME Y14.100M Engineering Drawing Practices

ASME Y14.1 Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and Format

ASME Y14.2M Line Conventions and Lettering

ASME Y14.3M Multi and Sectional View Drawings

ASME Y14.5M Dimensioning and Tolerancing

ASME Y14.6 Screw Thread Representation

ASME Y14.6AM Screw Thread Representation (Metric Supple-ment)

ASME Y14.7.1 Gear Drawing Standards - Part 1: For Spur, Heli-cal, Double Helical, and Rack, Partial Revision of

ASME Y14.7.2 Gear and Spline Drawing Standards - Part 2:Bevel and Hyped Gears

ASME Y14.8M Castings and Forgings

ASME Y14.13M Mechanical Spring Representation

ASME Y14.18M Optical Parts

ASME Y14.36M Surface Texture Symbols, Revision of

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ASME Y14.38 Abbreviations and Acronyms - for Use on Draw-ings and in Text

(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 3Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5902)

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM A325M High-Strength Bolts for Structural Steel Joints,Standard Specification for

ASTM A490 Heat-Treated Steel Structural Bolts, 150 ksiMinimum Tensile Strength, Standard Specifica-tion for

ASTM A967 Stainless Steel Parts, Chemical PassivationTreatments for, Standard Specification for

ASTM B456 Electrodeposited Coatings of Copper Plus NickelPlus Chromium and Nickel Plus Chromium,Standard Specification for

ASTM D3955 Electrical Insulating Varnishes, Standard Specifi-cation for

ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System ofUnits (SI): The Modern Metric System

(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society for Testing and Materials,100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959)

Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

SAE AMS-H-6875 Heat Treatment of Steel Raw Materials

SAE AMS-M-3171 Magnesium Alloy, Processes for Pretreatment andPrevention of Corrosion on

SAE AMS-STD-2175 Castings, Classification and Inspection of

SAE AS-71051 Pipe Threads, Taper, Aeronautical NationalForm, Symbol ANPT – Design and InspectionStandards


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SAE HS 1086 Metals & Alloys in the United Numbering Sys-tem

(Application for copies should be addressed to the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15906-0001)

1.5 DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this manual, the following definitions shall apply:

a. Altered Part/Item. A part/item that, prior to the alteration, is taken from existingGovernment stock or procured from a vendor and altered to meet design require-ments. The item is then altered to meet specific design requirements.

b. Assembly. A number of parts or subassemblies or any combination thereof joined to-gether to perform a specific function (e.g., power shovel-front, fan assembly, audio-frequency amplifier, etc.).

NOTE

The distinction between an assembly and a subassemblyis determined by individual application. An assembly inone instance may be a subassembly in another where itforms a portion of a higher assembly.

c. Bulk Materials. Those necessary constituents of an assembly or part such as oil, wax,solder, cement, ink, damping fluid, grease, powered graphite, flux, welding rod,thread, twine, and chain for which the quantity required is not readily predeter-minable; or if the quantity is known, the physical nature of the material is such that itis not adaptable to depiction on a drawing; the material can be cut to finished size bythe use of such hand or bench tools as shears, pliers, knives, etc., without any furthermachining operations, and the configuration is such that it can be fully described inwriting without the necessity of pictorial representation.

d. Cancelled Drawing. A drawing that has been replaced, superseded, or duplicated byanother drawing of a different number.

e. Component. The smallest assembled item identifiable as a complete, functioninghardware entity that performs a distinctive function in the operation of an item ofequipment or a system.

f. Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) Code. A five-digit alphanumeric codeapplicable to all organizations that have produced or are producing items used by theFederal Government. It also applies to Government organizations that control the de-

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sign of items or are responsible for the development of certain specifications, draw-ings, or standards that control the design of items. These numbers are assigned inconformance with Cataloging Handbook H4/8. Organizations not assigned a CAGEcode shall request such an identification in conformance with Cataloging HandbookH4/8. Organizations that neither manufacture nor control design (such as dealers,agents, or vendors of items produced by others) are not included in Cataloging Hand-book H4/8.

g. Document. A specification, drawing, list, standard, pamphlet, report, and printed,typewritten, or other information relating to the design, procurement, manufacture,test, or inspection of items or services under a contract.

h. Drawing Format. A format in accordance with an accepted standard used for thepreparation of an engineering drawing.

i. Drawing Number. Letters, numbers, or combination of letters and numbers (whichshall not be separated by dashes) that are assigned to a particular drawing for identifi-cation purposes by the design organization.

j. Drawing Title. The name by which the part or item shall be known and will consistof a basic name with sufficient modifiers to differentiate it from like items in the samemajor assembly.

k. Duplicate Original. A replica of an original engineering drawing made by a photodu-plicating technique, or a combination of a photoduplicating technique and drafting ona medium (vellum, plastic base material, paper, etc.) suitable for reproducing otherreproducible and nonreproducible drawings.

1. Engineering Drawing. An engineering document that discloses (directly or by refer-ence) by means of pictorial or textual presentations, or combinations of both, thephysical and functional end-product requirements of an item.

m. Equipment Drawing. A drawing that defines controlled elements in terms of pro-curement, manufacture, installation, test and checkout, or spares provisioning.

n. Facility. Building, structure, site, or related construction that is built, installed, or es-tablished to serve a particular purpose.

o. Find number. A number that may be assigned to an item (part, assembly, etc.) on thefield of a drawing for the purpose of cross-referencing to items on a parts list, and as alocator in lieu of using the item part number. The parts, assemblies, etc., so markedhave other identifying numbers for purposes of procurement and marking, which arecross-referenced to the find numbers in the parts lists or in a table on the drawing.Find numbers will be used on all assembly or installation drawings. Find numbers


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shall be cross-referenced to part numbers in a parts list located preferably on sheet 1of the drawing.

p. Flag. A triangular symbol with an enclosed note number or letter that may be usedwith leaders to indicate the location on the field of the drawing where a note applies.The applicable note in the list of notes shall also have its note number or letter placedwithin a flag.

q. Graphic Symbol. A simple delineation of an item or component, which is intended toemphasize its function and operation in a circuit.

r. Ground Support Equipment. All equipment necessary to support the operations of re-ceiving, handling, assembly, test, checkout, service, and launch of space vehicles.

s. Item. A nonspecific term used to denote any unit or product including materials,parts, assemblies, equipment, accessories, and attachments.

t. Interface Control Drawing. A drawing that defines the physical/functional interfacebetween participating activities and provides the means to evaluate and control allmutually interacting design parameters at interfaces between the equipment and facili-ties of these activities.

u. Maintained Drawing. A drawing that contains design data that must be kept up todate in order to meet an operational need.

v. "May". An expression of allowance for a nonmandatory provision.

w. Nonmaintained Drawing. A drawing that contains design data that need not be keptup to date.

x. Obsolete Drawing. A drawing that depicts design information which is of no furtheruse.

y. Operations and Maintenance Documentation (OMD). Drawings, schematics, specifi-cations, diagrams, flowcharts, and lists required for operations and maintenance of fa-cilities, systems, and equipment.

z. Original Date. The original date (located in the title block) of an entire basic issue isused to establish a baseline and is retained throughout the life of the drawing for his-torical record purposes. The current revision date is used for new inserted/addedsheets when added to an existing drawing. All sheets added on the same revision willhave the same date.

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aa. Original Drawing. The drawing or copy thereof on which is kept the revision recordand is recognized as the official copy by the design organization.

ab. Part. One piece or two or more pieces joined together, which are not normally subjectto disassembly without destruction or impairment of designed use (e.g., outer frontwheel bearing of a 3/4-ton truck, electron tube, composition resistor, screw, gear,mica capacitor, audio transformer, milling cutter, etc.).

ac. Part Number. Letters, numbers, or combinations of letters and numbers (which maybe separated by dashes) that are assigned to uniquely identify a specific item. Thepart number shall be or shall include the design drawing number, and may include adash number suffix (if applicable).

ad. Referenced Document. A referenced document (as used in this manual) is a designorganization standard, drawing, specification, pamphlet, or other document referencedon a drawing or list.

ae. Revision. Any change to an original drawing after that drawing has been released foruse.

af. Revision Symbol. An identifying letter that may be accompanied by a suffix numberand enclosed in a circle or may be the printed letter in a revision column or block.

ag. "Shall". An emphatic form of the verb that is used whenever a requirement is in-tended to express a provision that is binding and mandatory.

ah. "Should". An expression of strong recommendation of a nonmandatory provision.

ai. Specification. A document that clearly and accurately describes the essential techni-cal requirements for specific items, services, or processes to be supplied and estab-lishes the necessary criteria and/or procedures to ensure that requirements have beenmet.

aj. Standard. A document that establishes engineering and technical requirements foritems, materials, processes, practices, and methods that have been adopted as normsfor specific use. A standard may also establish design criteria and requirements forthe selection and application of items, materials, etc., and criteria for achieving re-quired interchangeability and uniformity.

ak. Subassembly. Two or more parts that form a portion of an assembly or a unit re-placeable as a whole, but having a part or parts that are individually replaceable (e.g.,window sash, floating piston, telephone dial, intermediate frequency strip, terminalboard with mounted parts, etc.).


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al. Subsystem. A major functional subassembly or grouping of items or equipment thatis essential to the operational completeness of a system.

am. System Drawing. A drawing showing the overall management/configuration of thesystem it supports, conforming with the intended usage of the appropriate drawingtype. Typical system drawings are systems schematics, single-line diagrams, andplant-in-place records. For the purpose of this procedure, interface control draw-ings/system interface drawings that are prepared to define physical/functional andprocedural interfaces are considered system drawings.

an. System (general). A composite of equipment, skills, and techniques capable ofperforming or supporting an operational role, or both. A complete system includes allequipment, related facilities, materials, software, services, and personnel required forits operation and support to the degree that it can be considered a self-sufficient unitin its intended operational environment.

ao. System Schematic. A drawing that delineates the interconnection of a complete sys-tem and specifies point-to-point connections, electrical or mechanical components,input/output sources, wire size, etc., as required. System schematics are produced forlaunch-critical systems that require detailed equipment definition.

ap. Unit. An assembly or any combination of parts, subassemblies, and assembliesmounted together and normally capable of independent operation in a variety of situa-tions (e.g., hydraulic jack, electric motor, electronic power supply, internal combus-tion engine, electric generator, radio receiver).

aq. Vendor. A design firm, manufacturer, seller, wholesaler, or agent from whom itemsare acquired for use in the performance of a contract.

ar. "Will". An expression of declaration of purpose and is used where simple futurity isrequired for a provision that will be binding and mandatory.

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SECTION II

GENERAL DRAFTING PRACTICES

2.1 SCOPE

This section defines the general drafting practices that shall be used in the preparation of aero-space and ground support equipment (GSE) drawings at KSC. These practices include draftingconventions to be used on the field of the drawings and instructions for the completion of the titleblocks, revision blocks, and parts lists on the drawing formats.

2.2 SIGNATURES, APPROVALS, DATES, AND BLOCK ENTRIES

Unless otherwise specified by contract or order, signatures, approvals, dates, and block entriesshall be made in the title and revision blocks of drawings as described in the following para-graphs.

2.2.1 CAD DRAWING. A CAD-prepared drawing shall be approved by signature or other ap-proval indicator unique to the signer, capable of verification, and under the signer’s sole control.After the approval and release of an original drawing or subsequent revision, the initial approvalsignatures shall not be required on previous revisions of the drawings. Original signatures orother approval indicators shall be required for a current revision only. The initials and names ofthose approving the original drawing and/or previous revisions shall be printed in place of theoriginal signatures.

2.2.2 REVISION BLOCKS. Drawing revision blocks shall be completed by entering the re-quired information in the revision block spaces in accordance with the following (see section IXfor additional detailed requirements):

a. A- and B-Size Drawing Revision Blocks. Complete each A-size drawing revisionblock and each B-size drawing revision block or approved equivalent by entering therequired information in each space as indicated in figure 2-1.

b. Revision Blocks on Drawings Larger Than B-Size. Complete each revision block ondrawings larger than B-size (sizes C, D, E, F, and J) by entering the required informa-tion in each space as indicated in figure 2-2. The field of the drawing below the revi-sion block shall be reserved for future revision data. A minimum of 90 millimeters(mm) (3.5 inches) of space shall be allocated for this purpose. No portion of the draw-ing or notes shall be placed in this space. See section III for KSC form numbers forthese drawing formats.


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Figure 2-1. Revision Block Entries on A- and B-Size Drawings


August 24, 2001

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Figure 2-2. Revision Block Entries on Drawings Larger Than B-Size

2.2.3 TITLE BLOCKS. Drawing title blocks shall be completed by entering the required in-formation in the title block space in accordance with the following:

a. Drawing Title Blocks. Complete each title block by entering the required informationin each space in the date block as indicated in figure 2-3. Note that block locations aredifferent on A-size formats.

b. Margin Number Block Entries on Drawings Larger Than A-Size. Complete each mar-gin number block on drawings larger than A-size (sizes B, C, D, E, F, and J) by enter-ing the required information in each space in the number block as indicated in figure 2-4.

c. Continuation Sheet Title Blocks. Complete the continuation sheet title blocks on theA-, B-, C-, D-, E-, and F-size drawings by entering the required information in eachspace of the title block as indicated in figure 2-5.


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2.3 PARTS IDENTIFICATION/PARTS LIST

2.3.1 PARTS IDENTIFICATION. All parts shall be identified on the field of the drawing. Partsshall be identified by an item (find) number on the field of the drawing that is cross-referenced tothe identifying part number appearing on the parts list. The parts list shall be an integral part ofthe drawing. Separate parts lists are not required. See section VI for additional parts identifica-tion requirements.

2.3.2 PARTS LIST. A typical parts list form used on a KSC aerospace or ground supportequipment drawing is shown in figure 2-6. Each column on the format is identified, and a de-scription of the entries to be made in each column is given. Additional parts list blocks or col-umns may be located to the left of and adjacent to the original title block or on a continuationsheet.

2.3.3 PARTS LIST USING SIMPLIFIED FORMATS. A simplified parts list format may beused as an alternative to the format shown in figure 2-6. Figure 2-7 shows a simplified formatthat may be used for procurement or for modification/installation purposes when there is no needfor a hardware assembly or installation part number and no need to trace part changes except byrevision. The format shown in figure 2-8 should be used if a part or quantity takeoff is to be per-formed by the fabricating, installing, or construction contractor.

2.4 DRAWING SCALE

All GSE drawings, except diagrams, schematics, perspectives, tabulations, and other similardrawings, should be drawn to scale.

2.4.1 SELECTION OF SCALE. When practicable, drawings should show an object or assemblyat full-scale size. When it is not practicable to prepare the drawing at full scale, the drawing maybe prepared to a reduced or enlarged scale. It is desirable, when practicable, that detail drawingsbe prepared to the same scale as pertinent assembly drawings.

2.4.2 INDICATION OF SCALE. The scale or scales to which drawings are prepared shall beindicated in the drawing scale block (see 2.2.3). The scale shall be indicated as a decimal orcommon fraction (e.g., 1.000, .375, 1/1, 3/8, etc.). The scales to which views, sections, or detailsare drawn shall be entered directly below the title of the view, section, or detail (e.g., SCALE:1/2, .500). For scaling purposes, a graphic scale may be shown adjacent to the title block foreach scale shown on the sheet.


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Figure 2-4. Margin Number Block Entries on Drawings Larger Than A-Size


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Figure 2-5. Title Block Entries on Drawing Continuation Sheets

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Figure 2-6. Parts List Format for Aerospace and Ground Support Equipment Drawings


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Figure 2-7. Simplified Parts List Format

Figure 2-8. Simplified Parts List Format for Use When Parts or Quantity TakeoffIs To Be Performed by the Contractor

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2.4.3 DECIMAL SCALE. The decimal method of indicating the scale expresses the size of theobject as drawn relative to its full size.

For example: Full size 1.000 or FULLEnlarged 10.000, 4.000, 2.000Reduced .100, .250, .500

2.4.4 COMMON FRACTION SCALE. The common fraction method of indicating the scaleexpresses, in the form of a common fraction, the ratio of the size of the object as drawn relativeto its full size.

For example: Full size 1/1 or FULLEnlarged 10/1, 4/1, 2/1Reduced 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/10

2.4.5 NOT TO SCALE. For drawings not prepared to any scale, the word NONE shall be en-tered after SCALE in the space provided on the drawing format. When an individual not-to-scaledimension is used within a view, section, or detail, it shall be noted by the use of the abbreviationNTS after the dimension callouts. When a view, section, or detail contains all not-to-scale di-mensions, SCALE: NONE shall be entered directly below the title of the view, section, or detail.

2.5 CALLOUTS ON DRAWINGS

2.5.1 ITEM (FIND) NUMBERS. Item (find) numbers cross-referenced to the item number inthe parts list shall appear on the field of drawing as shown in figure 2-9. The item number shallbe 3 millimeters (mm) (1/8 inch) high within a 10-mm- (3/8-inch-) diameter circle. On drawingssuch as Cable Interconnect Diagrams, Wiring Diagrams, Schematics, or Rack Elevations, theitem number may be enclosed in a small box 6 mm (1/4 inch) high by 12 mm (1/2 inch) mini-mum length. (See figure 4-3 as example.) The draftsman shall make a reasonable effort to alignthe item numbers in an orderly arrangement (numbers need not run consecutively) to aid in thereadability of the drawing. Assembly information may be noted either on the field of the drawingor by a flag ( ) to a drawing note as shown in figure 2-9; however, none of the informationtabulated in the list of material shall be repeated beside the item find number. See section VI foradditional requirements.

2.5.2 MECHANICAL FIND NUMBERS AND REFERENCE DESIGNATORS. Assigned me-chanical system find numbers and electrical reference designators shall be used for all schematiccomponents and end connections. The mechanical find numbers and electrical reference desig-nators refer to the function of the component in the system and are used for one particular partonly. The mechanical find numbers and electrical reference designators shall be assigned by theKSC design organization from an allotment of mechanical find numbers and electrical referencedesignators obtained from the appropriate documentation center. See section VI for detailed re-quirements.


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2.6 WEIGHT OF COMPONENTS

The weight of the assembly or detail part shall be entered on the drawing in the appropriate placein the title block when necessary.

2.7 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Y14.5M describes permissible dimension-ing and tolerancing variations (both metric and U.S. Customary) in respect to factory-orientedmachined and sheet metal parts and may be utilized in its entirety to illustrate permissible varia-tions as described, or a drawing may definitely state (by dimensions, form tolerances, or notes)those portions of AMSE Y14.5M that are applicable. In either case, the draftsman, designer, andengineer must be completely familiar with the contents of ASME Y14.5M in order to evaluate itsrequired usage and effect. Additional specifications on dimensioning and tolerancing of metricproducts are described in ASME B4.3.

When referenced by drawing note, ASME Y14.5M defines the variations permissible unlessmodified (either smaller or greater tolerances) by drawing dimensions, form tolerances, etc., andis an effective means of establishing control and interpretation of implied tolerances (squareness,flatness, etc.). Knurl dimensioning shall be in accordance with ASME B94.6. Metric limits andfits of holes and shafts shall be in accordance with ASME B4.2.

2.8 DUAL DIMENSIONING

Dual dimensioning is a procedure for showing values from two different measurement systems[e.g., International System of Units (SI) or metric system, and the U.S. Customary Units] on thesame drawing. Dual dimensions shall not be used on metric projects except to describe inter-faces with nonmetric items as authorized by the responsible design organization. The methodused to dual-dimension a drawing shall be either the position method or the bracket method.With the position method (figure 2-10), the value in the primary measurement units (primaryvalue) is separated by a line from the value in the secondary measurement units (secondaryvalue). With the bracket method (figure 2-11), the primary value is followed by the secondaryvalue in brackets. When either method is used, a drawing note shall be provided explaining howthe primary and secondary dimensions are identified (e.g., DIMENSIONS IN [ ] ARE ININCHES).

2.9 METRIC VALUES

Metric values, when used on GSE drawings, shall be in accordance with ASTM SI 10.


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Figure 2-10. Position Method

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Figure 2-11. Bracket Method


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2.10 SCREW THREADS

Screw threads shall be represented in accordance with ASME Y14.6 and ASME Y14.6AM.

2.11 MECHANICAL SPRINGS

Mechanical springs shall be represented in accordance with ASME Y14.13M.

2.12 GEARS

Gears shall be specified on drawings in accordance with ASME Y14.7.1 and ASME Y14.7.2.

2.13 FORGINGS

Forgings shall be specified in accordance with ASME Y14.8M.

2.14 OPTICAL ELEMENTS AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS

Optical elements and optical systems shall be delineated in accordance with ASME Y14.18M.

2.15 WELDING PRACTICES

Welding practices shall be in accordance with the terms and definitions specified in AmericanNational Standard Institute/American Welding Society (ANSI/AWS) A3.0. Nondestructive test-ing and welding symbols shall be in accordance with ANSI/AWS A2.4.

2.16 ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviations may be used on drawings to conserve space when their meaning is clear. Little-known abbreviations shall be explained on the drawing. When abbreviations are used, they shallconform to ASME Y14.38. Acronyms and abbreviations commonly used at KSC are containedin NASA TM-103575, which shall also be used for defining acronyms and abbreviations.

2.17 GRAPHIC SYMBOLS

Graphic symbols used on GSE drawings shall be in accordance with KSC-STD-152-2.

2.18 SURFACE TEXTURE

Surface texture or roughness, waviness, and lay on drawings shall be indicated in accordancewith ASME B46.1. Surface texture symbols shall be in accordance with ASME Y14.36M.Unless otherwise specified, the finish symbol ( ) preceded by the roughness value (e.g., 32 )shall indicate the maximum allowable surface roughness produced by a machining operation.(See figure 2-12.)

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Figure 2-12. Surface Roughness Produced by Common Production Methods


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When a surface is produced by other methods such as casting, forging, punching, molding, etc.,the method shall be indicated by a note adjacent to the symbol (e.g., 250 AS CAST, 125 ASPUNCHED, AS ROLLED, etc.).

A finish symbol with the roughness value (XX ) shown on a part produced by casting, forging,etc., shall indicate the allowance required to attain the machined surface finish on the drawing.In general, the finish symbol with the roughness value shall be shown only on the view where thecontrolling dimension is located and omitted from all other views. However, when a machinedsurface appears in several views on a large drawing (sizes E or F), the finish symbol without theroughness value may be shown in the different views or sections. When using multiple sheetdrawings, the finish symbol shall be placed near the controlling dimension and the symbol shallbe placed on all the machined surfaces shown on each sheet.

A delineation should specify any surfaces of a machined part that are a different roughness fromthe majority of parts. If all the parts have the same surface, the finish symbol with the roughnessvalue shall be used unless otherwise specified.

2.19 COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN (CAD) DRAWINGS

The use of CAD systems in preparing drawings is preferred. CAD drawings must meet the re-quirements for legibility and reproducibility specified in this document, and the system used mustprovide the following capabilities:

a. Capability to generate full-size drawings.

b. Capability to prepare drawings on material as specified in 3.8 and/or 3.9 and to printthe drawings on the front side of the formats.

c. Capability to produce full-size drawings that are capable of being manually revised.

d. Capability to produce drawings that meet the microfilming requirements specified inthis document.

e. Capability of being converted in accordance with the Initial Graphics ExchangeSpecification (IGES) software or drawing interchange file (DXF) software format.

2.20 CAD LINE VARIANCE

Line conventions may vary for CAD-prepared drawings as follows:

a. All lines and letters on originals may be applied using ink.

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b. All lines may be the same width if microfilm requirements are met. It is preferredthat lines for the outline and features of the item shown on a drawing be wider thandimension lines.

2.21 MULTIVIEWS AND SECTIONAL VIEWS

Multiviews and sectional views shown on drawings shall be in accordance with ASME Y14.3M.Isometric, pictorial, or other views may be shown on the drawings provided there is some par-ticular advantage and clarity is not degraded.

2.22 SECTION, DETAIL, AND VIEW IDENTIFICATION

The preferred method of identifying sections, views, and details is described in the followingparagraphs. Alternatively, the method shown in Volume II, paragraph 2.19 may be used.

Identification of sections, details, and views shall be assigned in alphabetical sequence. In caseswhere the single alphabet is exhausted, multiple letters may be used (e.g., AA, AB, etc.). Theletters I, O, Q, S, X, and Z shall not be used. In no case shall a section, view, or detail of thesame drawing carry the same identifying letter (e.g., if section A exists, there shall be no view Aor detail A). Identifying letters shall be 5-mm (3/16-inch) uppercase Gothic letters with the de-scription in 5-mm (3/16-inch) uppercase Gothic letters as shown in figures 2-13 and 2-14.

The section, detail, and view identification letters shall be displayed as shown in figure 2-13.The sheet number and zone for the location of the section, view, or detail shall be displayed in alocation symbol (see figure 2-15); a dash line in the lower half indicates that the location is onthe same page.

Figure 2-13. Section, Detail, or View Callouts


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Figure 2-14. Section, Detail, or View Identification

Figure 2-15. Location Symbol

Identification letters and numbers of sections, details, or views shall be the same identificationletters and numbers as the corresponding callouts (figure 2-14). The lower location symbol shalldisplay the sheet number and zone from which the section, detail, or view is taken.

If the same section, detail, or view is used on multiple sheets, the same identifying letter shall beused. An example is shown in figure 2-16.

Figure 2-16. Example of Callouts of a Section, Detail, or View Used in Multiple Places


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Drawings shall cross-reference a view, section, or detail and the portion of the drawing that itclarifies by the use of a diagonally divided square block as shown in figure 2.15. Size of blockshould be uniform within the same drawing.

2.23 CONTINUATION SYMBOL

This symbol may be used whenever it is necessary to continue a line from one sheet of the draw-ing to another or to continue lines on the same sheet when the drawing field is too congested. Itsapplication is primarily for schematics (electrical or mechanical), block diagrams, and cable in-terconnect diagrams, but it may also apply to other drawings where a single line needs to matchor continue to another sheet.

The symbol shall consist of a 13-mm-(1/2-inch-) diameter ballout split in half horizontally andpositioned at the end of the line to be continued. The top half of the ballout is the circuit or lineidentifier. These identifiers shall be assigned consecutively throughout the drawing package be-ginning with number 1. The last ballout number used should be entered in the general notes atthe front of the package. In cases where the line is continued on the same sheet, letters shall beused in place of numbers. Beginning with the letter A, consecutive letters shall be assigned toonly those lines confined on the same sheet.

The lower half of the ballout is used to identify the sheet to which the line continues. When theline continues on the same sheet, a short solid line shall be inserted in the lower half.

An example of a continuation symbol is shown in figure 2-17.

NOTE

Numbers or letters shall be 3-mm-(1/8-inch-) high characters.

Figure 2-17. Continuation Symbol


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2.24 IDENTIFICATION MARKING

2.24.1 MARKING REQUIREMENTS. Requirements and methods for marking of GSE shallbe in accordance with KSC-STD-E-0015.

2.24.2 DRAWING REQUIREMENTS. When an item requires identification marking, its draw-ing shall specify the exact marking requirements. Those requirements shall define the methodand contents of the marking. For markings to be applied by rubber stamp, stencil, silk screening,and other similar processes, the material to be used in marking and any protective coatings shallalso be specified. The identifying number shall be the part number of the item as shown on thedrawing. Examples of requirements to be specified on drawings are as follows:

ITEM IDENTIFICATION: INK STAMP OR STENCIL THE FOLLOWING MARKINGSWITH BLACK INK A-A-56032 IN 3-MILLIMETER- (1/8-INCH-) HIGH GOTHICCHARACTERS (e.g., 79K12345-6).

ITEM IDENTIFICATION: DIE STAMP THE FOLLOWING MARKINGS IN5-MILLIMETER- (3/16-INCH-) HIGH GOTHIC CHARACTERS (e.g,79K12345-17). FILL LETTERING WITH WHITE INK A-A-208.

2.24.2.1 Location and Size. The location and size of the identification marking shall be speci-fied on the depiction of the item if it must be controlled due to function/fit requirements or sub-sequent finish application. The location shall be identified by a leader pointing to the surface orby dimensionally locating marking rectangle. (See figure 2-18.)

2.24.2.2 Assembly Marking. Requirements for identification marking of assemblies shall bespecified on the assembly drawing. Assemblies shall use identification plates where practical.Identification plates shall be in accordance with 75M50393 or equal. Identification plates shallbe selected based on application, space available, and data required. Location shall be specifiedon the drawing. An example of requirements to be specified on the drawing is as follows:

ITEM IDENTIFICATION: DIE STAMP 75M50393-2 I.D. PLATE WITH 5-MILLIMETER- (3/16-INCH-) HIGH LETTERS.

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Figure 2-18. Identification Location

2.25 LEGIBILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY

All lines and lettering on GSE drawings shall be of such quality and size as to remain clear andlegible when the drawing is reduced to one-half its original size. On drafting film, ink or plasticlead shall be used for drawings. Graphite-based drawing lead shall not be used on KSC draw-ings. Guidelines for preparation of lines and lettering are given in ASME Y14.2M and the fol-lowing paragraphs.

2.25.1 LINES.

2.25.1.1 Line Quality. Lines that are very thin or are not uniformly opaque on the original draw-ing become ragged in a print made from microfilm, and wider or denser portions of lines may in-crease in width while thinner or less dense portions may disappear completely. Therefore, alllines on a drawing shall be uniformly opaque.

2.25.1.2 Line Width. Since all lines must be uniformly opaque, any desired contrast betweenobject lines and other lines can be obtained only by a variance in the relative width of lines.Relative widths for standard types of lines are shown in figure 2-19.

2.25.1.3 Line Spacing. Lines spaced close together (crosshatching, etc.) have a tendency to flowtogether on successive generations of microfilm reproductions. For this reason, a minimum spac-ing of 1.5 mm (0.06 inch) between lines shall be maintained.


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Figure 2-19. Line Standards

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2.25.2 LETTERING. Lettering size, including hand lettering, template lettering, and computerlettering, shall conform to the minimum sizes listed in table 2-1. Lettering shall conform toASME Y14.2M. A minimum spacing of 2.5 mm (3/32 inch) should be maintained between let-tering and line work to alleviate bleed in microfilming.

2.25.2.1 Typewritten Lettering. Typewriters that produce 3-mm- (0.12-inch-) high, all capital,Gothic type and ten-characters-per-inch spacing may be used for all sizes of drawings. Ribbonsmust be carefully chosen in order to obtain opaque letters and avoid feathered edges or smudgingcharacteristics. On A-size formats the drawing number may be typed.

2.25.2.2 Preprinted Lettering. Rubber stamps and stickers or appliques shall not be used on en-gineering drawings.

2.25.3 SIGNATURES AND DATES. In order to obtain legibility, signatures and dates shall beexecuted with the same care as given to lettering and lines.

2.25.4 SYMBOLS. The same general rules apply to symbols as apply to lines and lettering.Symbols (geometric, tolerance, welding, etc.) shall be shown so that they will be clear and legiblewhen reduced to 1/2 size for reproduction.

2.25.5 CROSS-SECTION AREAS. Section lines rather than shading shall normally be usedwhen it is necessary to indicate a cross-sectional area. Wide opaque areas do not reproduce onmicrofilm; therefore, shading over 3-mm (1/8-inch) wide shall not be used on A- or B-size draw-ings. Shading over 6-mm (1/4-inch) wide shall not be used on D-, E-, F-, and J-size drawings.

2.26 DRAWING CHECKING

Drawing checks shall be required for the production of error-free engineering drawings. Someguidelines for checking drawings are given in the following paragraphs. The items listed hereinare not intended to be a complete checklist for drawing checks but rather a list of those items thatare usually found to contain errors during the final checking process. The drawing check shallensure that items on a drawing are in accordance with the requirements specified in volume I ofthis manual.

2.26.1 QUALITY. To ensure the quality of a drawing, the following items shall be checked:

a. General appearance is good.

b. Line density and spacing is proper.

c. All arrowheads are shown.


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Table 2-1. Minimum Letter and Number Sizes on KSC Aerospace and GroundSupport Equipment Drawings

Minimum Letter or Number Size

Drawing SizeItem on Drawing

A and B milli-meter (inch)

C, D, E, F, and Jmillimeter (inch)

Drawing number

Title

Subtitle and view titles

Field of drawing notes and revisions

List of notes (heading)

Vertical spacing

Between lines of notes

Between notes

Title block entries

Parts list

Find number

Reference designator, etc.

6.0 (0.25)

5.0 (0.18)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

5.0 (0.18)

1.5 (0.06)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

6.0 (0.25)

5.0 (0.18)

5.0 (0.18)

3.0 (0.12)

5.0 (0.18)

1.5 (0.06)

9.0 (.38)

4.0 (0.16)

4.0 (0.16)

3.0 (0.12)

3.0 (0.12)

4.0 (0.16)

3.0 (0.12)

4.0 (0.16)

Note: Decimal points, dashes, etc., shall be bold and shall be given one fullletter space.

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d. Lettering is proper size and not crowded.

e. All erasures and corrections are properly made.

f. Drawing material is undamaged.

2.26.2 TITLE BLOCKS. To ensure the completeness of the title block, the following itemsshall be checked:

a. Code identification number is entered.

b. Title is correct.

c. Sheet numbering is correct.

d. Size and drawing number are properly entered.

e. Scale is shown.

f. Material is specified.

g. Tolerances are shown.

h. Dates are correctly entered.

i. Required approval signatures are entered.

j. NEXT ASSEMBLY and USED ON blocks are properly completed.

2.26.3 DRAWING PRACTICES. To ensure proper drawing practices have been followed, thefollowing items shall be checked:

a. Notes are correctly located and information is clearly conveyed.

b. Abbreviations are correct.

c. Spelling is correct.

d. All items or assemblies are identified.

e. Symbology is correct.

f. Security classification and notes are properly located.


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2.26.4 PARTS LIST. The parts list shall be checked to verify the following items have been in-cluded:

a. Identification of each item

b. Nomenclature of each item

c. Quantity and procurement references for each item

2.26.5 REVISIONS. Sheets modified by a revision shall be checked as follows:

a. All sheets modified by a revision.

(1) Revision block is properly completed.

(2) All revisions are entered in the revision block identified on the field of thedrawing.

b. First sheet of a revised drawing.

(1) Drawing index shows all revised sheets.

(2) Revision block has identified all revised, deleted, or added sheets.

(3) Revision block has identified all engineering orders (EO's) incorporated by therevision.

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SECTION III

DRAWING FORMAT

3.1 SIZE, FORMAT, TITLE BLOCK, AND MATERIAL

John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) engineering drawings shall be prepared on KSC drawingformats. The drawings shall conform to the instructions for format completion as detailed in thefollowing paragraphs and the instructions for entries, drawing preparation, and notations as de-tailed in section II and ASME Y14.1. Table 3-1 lists nonmetric preprinted forms of the requiredformats and contains information pertinent to all sizes of finished formats. Sheet 1 of aerospaceand ground support equipment (GSE) drawings is restricted to the forms listed in table 3-1; how-ever, in addition to the formats listed, backup pages may be other KSC formats, computer print-outs, etc. Backup pages shall conform to standard drawing sizes in accordance with table 3-1.See 3.10 regarding equivalent metric drawing sheet sizes. All forms shall reflect an authorizedKSC form number or approved equivalent.

3.2 PREFERRED FORMATS

Drawings shall be prepared on the drawing format that best suits the scope and intent of the de-sign drawing. The A-size format is preferred for specifications, wire running lists, patch lists,and other text or tabular design data. The B-size format is preferred for specification controldrawings used to procure or maintain electromechanical components. The preferred format forfabrication, installation, and operations and maintenance documentation (OMD) is the F-sizeformat as shown in table 3-1. Roll-size drawings (size H or J) shall only be used for schematicsor diagrams where it is impractical to show the design information on an F-size format and onlywhen authorized by the Government design organization.

3.2.1 ZONING OF DRAWINGS. All KSC drawing formats, with the exception of sizes A andB, shall be zoned. When zone markings are not preprinted on existing formats, zone areas shallbe added as illustrated in figure 3-1. Vertical zones shall be uniformly spaced and identified al-phabetically from the bottom of the drawing, and horizontal zones shall be uniformly spaced andidentified numerically beginning at the right-hand edge of the drawing.

3.2.2 MICROFILMING ALIGNMENT ARROWHEADS. Alignment arrowheads shall be usedon all drawings. When they are not preprinted, arrowheads shall be entered in the margin of thebasic format as illustrated in figure 3-2. Roll-size application on alignment arrowheads shall beas outlined in 3.3.3. (See figure 3-2.)

3.3 ROLL-SIZE FORMAT

A roll-size drawing (size H or J) shall have all the basic format requirements as preprinted formsin addition to the requirements outlined in 3.3.1 through 3.3.4. Roll-size drawings shall be usedonly when authorized.


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Table 3-1. Drawing Format List

Size LetterHeight(inches)

Width(inches)

Margin(inch)

KSC FormNumber

A8-1/2

11

11

8-1/2(horizontal) 1/4

(vertical) 3/821-221-2C

A (continuation sheet) 11 8-1/2 1/4 21-2D

A (cable subassembly) 11 8-1/2(horizontal) 1/4

(vertical) 3/821-2E

A/B 10 13 21-587

B 11 17 3/8 21-4

B (continuation sheet) 11 17 3/8 21-4B

C 17 22 1/2 21-5

C (continuation sheet) 17 22 1/2 21-5A

D 22 34 1/2 21-6

D (with parts list) 22 34 1/2 21-6D

D (continuation sheet) 22 34 1/2 21-6E

E 34 44 1/221-821-8A

E (continuation sheet) 34 44 1/2 21-8B

F 28 40 1/2 21-9

F (with 1/2-sheet parts list) 28 40 1/2 21-9C

F (with full sheet part list) 28 40 1/2 21-9D

F (continuation sheet) 28 40 1/2 21-9E

H (roll size)28 48 Minimum

144 MaximumSee paragraph 3.3 None

J (roll size) 34 48 Minimum See paragraph 3.3 None


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3.3.1 ZONING. Zone areas for a roll-size drawing shall be spaced 108 mm (4-1/4 inches) onthe horizontal and 82.5 mm (3-1/4 inches) on the vertical and shall be identified in the samemanner as described in 3.2.1.

3.3.2 MARGINS. A roll-size drawing shall have a 12.7-mm (1/2-inch) horizontal margin and a50-mm (2-inch) vertical margin (minimum) on each end with the drawing number (and sheetnumber for multiple-sheet drawings) entered on opposite ends so as to be readable when thedrawings are rolled from either end and stored.

3.3.3 MATCH LINES - ALIGNMENT ARROWHEADS. Match lines shall be used to facili-tate alignment of multiframe roll-size drawings for microfilming. Match lines shall be used on aroll-size drawing in lieu of alignment arrowheads. Alignment arrowheads shall be used to facili-tate alignment of the formats shown in table 3-1 during microfilming. Alignment arrowheadsshall be located in the middle of the horizontal and vertical format borders as shown in figure 3-2.

3.3.4 SUPPLEMENTAL DRAWING NUMBER BLOCKS. Roll-size drawings shall have thedrawing number, sheet number, revision letter, and frame number entered in the appropriate sup-plemental drawing number blocks for multiframe microfilming, as shown in figure 3-3, with eachframe. The supplemental drawing number block shall be located at the bottom border of thedrawing adjacent to the frame match line (figure 3-3).

3.4 SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AND NOTATION

The security classification and notation shall be shown on all drawings warranting a securityclassification in accordance with DOD 5220.22-M and as specified in ASME Y14.100M, appen-dix B.

Figure 3-3. Supplemental Drawing Number Block


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3.5 PARTS LIST

When a list of material, parts, or components is required on a drawing, the list shall be preparedintegrally with the drawing. The size and location shall be in accordance with the requirementsof this manual (see section II). Additional parts list blocks may be located to the left of and adja-cent to the original block or on a continuation sheet of the same drawing.

3.6 NOTICE

The following notice should be located in the upper left corner of the drawing format as indicatedin figure 3-1.

NOTICE - WHEN GOVERNMENT DRAWINGS, SPECIFICATIONS, OR OTHERDATA ARE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN IN CONNECTION WITH ADEFINITELY RELATED GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT OPERATION, THEUNITED STATES GOVERNMENT THEREBY INCURS NO RESPONSIBILITY NOROBLIGATION WHATSOEVER; AND THE FACT THAT THE GOVERNMENT MAYHAVE FORMULATED, FURNISHED, OR IN ANY WAY SUPPLIED THE SAIDDRAWINGS, SPECIFICATIONS OR OTHER DATA IS NOT TO BE REGARDED BYIMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE AS IN ANY MANNER LICENSING THE HOLDEROR ANY OTHER PERSON OR CORPORATION, OR CONVEYING ANY RIGHTS ORPERMISSION TO MANUFACTURE, USE, OR SELL ANY PATENTED INVENTIONTHAT MAY IN ANY WAY BE RELATED THERETO.

3.7 KSC CONTRACTOR DRAWING FORMAT

Contractors that produce drawings for NASA KSC shall use the drawing formats specified in thissection. In addition to these requirements, the contractor may add the company name and/or logoimmediately above the title block of A- or B-size formats or immediately to the left of the titleblock on other format sizes.

3.8 PREPRINTED DRAWING FORMAT MATERIALS

Preprinted A-size drawing formats shall be printed on 24 lb. translucent bond paper. All drawingformats other than A-size shall be preprinted on plastic tracing sheets with a glazed matte finishconforming to L-P-00519.

3.9 COMPUTER-GENERATED DRAWING FORMATS AND MATERIALS

Computer-generated drawing formats shall comply with the requirements specified in this sec-tion, including the use of an authorized KSC form number or approved equivalent on the drawingformat. In addition to these requirements, each computer-generated drawing format shall have a


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computer-generated drawing identification area (see figure 3-1). The identification shall containthe file name or address of the drawing and the computer system from which the drawing wasgenerated. Computer-generated drawings and formats may be printed on paper, conforming toUU-P-56 or plastic tracing sheets conforming to L-P-00519.

3.10 METRIC-SIZE PAPER

The international standard paper sizes in the A series best correspond to standard drawing sizesin U.S. Customary units. The A series is based on a width-to-length proportion of 1 to 2 in thesame manner as the A-, B-, C-, D-, and E-size formats. The relationships between the A-seriessizes and the customary sizes are shown in table 3-2. The margins defined in table 3-1 will pro-duce net drawing areas that are within the sheet sizes of both standards, so drawings may satis-factorily be reproduced on either customary or international sheet sizes by contact printing andmicrofilm projection methods. There are no corresponding sizes for the customary F-, H-, and J-size sheets in the international A series. The soft conversions of these customary sizes may beused and are also shown in the table.

Table 3-2. Comparison of International and U.S. Customary Drawing Sizes

NEAREST U.S.CUSTOMARY SIZE

LETTER SIZE (in)

A4A3A2A1A0

210 (8.27)297 (11.69)420 (16.54)594 (23.39)841 (33.11)

297 (11.69)420 (16.54)594 (23.39)841 (33.11)1189 (46.81)

ABCDE

8.5 x 11.011.0 x 44.017.0 x 22.022.0 x 34.034.0 x 44.0

711711

711

864

10161219

3658

1219

FH

J

28.0 x 40.028.0 x 48.0(minimum)

28.0 x 144.0(maximum)

(no maximumlength)

INTERNATIONALDESIGNATION

WIDTHmm (in)

LENGTHmm (in)

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SECTION IV

TYPES OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

4.1 GENERAL

This section defines and illustrates the types of aerospace and ground support equipment (GSE)drawings normally prepared by or for the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), NASA, andidentifies drawing applications and requirements for preparing drawings. Engineering drawingsshall define directly or by reference the physical and functional engineering requirements ofequipment by means of pictorial and textual presentation. Drawings are classified into the fol-lowing types:

Advanced electrical schematicElementary electrical schematicElectrical single-line diagramElectrical two-line dc power diagramCable interconnect diagramMechanical schematicElectromechanical control diagramSystem mechanical schematicSystem block diagramGround integrated schematicLogic diagramFunctional flow diagramSpecification drawingComponent maintenance drawingCable harness drawingCable assembly drawingCable subassembly drawingCable installation drawingPrinted-wiring drawingAssembly drawingDetail assembly drawingDetail drawingArrangement drawingEnvelope drawingInstallation drawingSpace allocation drawingMatched-parts drawingAltered-parts drawingModification drawingLayout and proposal drawings


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Undimensioned drawingBlock diagramSketch drawingInterface control drawingSystem/equipment parts listElectrical wire running listPatch listSystem/equipment documentation listIndex listElectrical power riser diagramElectrical panel scheduleSystem mechanical schematic/electromechanical control diagram (SMS/EMCD)Standard interface documentHardware interface module (HIM) configuration document (HCD)Operation and maintenance requirements and specifications document (OMRSD)

4.2 ADVANCED ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC (AES)

An advanced electrical schematic illustrates and defines electrical signal and power paths, de-tailed electrical connections, and functions of component items used within a specific circuit orsystem of circuits by means of graphic symbols. Complete and formal titles and referencedesignators of each component are identified. Indication of physical size, shape, or relativelocation of components is not required.

4.2.1 DEFINITIONS.

a. Box. A box is a rectangular symbol used in the body of the drawing. The box denotesa complete functional electrical item or assembly, designed to be replaceable as a unit,that is integrated into the electrical system.

b. Continued Circuit Symbol. A continued circuit symbol (ballout) is a split circle usedto indicate connections from sheet to sheet and may also be used to avoid crossoverson the same sheet.

c. Division Line. A division line is a solid thick line used to separate major unit areas toreflect interunit cable interfacing and to represent bulkhead plates.

d. Major Unit. A major unit is a physical entity of an electrical system composed of basicparts, subassemblies, or assemblies packaged or combined together and is capable ofnormal independent operation.

4.2.2 APPLICATION. An advanced electrical schematic shall be used to support system testing,troubleshooting, and operating procedure preparation. (See figure 4-1.)

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4.2.3 REQUIREMENTS.

a. Organization. An advanced electrical schematic shall contain the following parts ar-ranged in the sequence shown. (See figure 4-1.)

(1) Cover Sheet

(2) Index and Revisions

(3) Notes, Legend, and Abbreviations

(4) Relay Index

(5) Diode Module Index

(6) HIM Card Index

(7) Jack/Pin Index (if used)

(8) AC and DC Power Distribution Sheets

(9) Shield Termination Sheets

(10) Hardwire Control Sheets

(11) Schematic Sheets

b. Size. An advanced electrical schematic shall be drawn on an F-size drawing format oras determined by the responsible design organization. The drawing shall be of suffi-cient size to retain clarity when the drawing is reduced to a B-size sheet.

c. Standardization. Dimensions of boxes should be standardized. Whenever practicable,the vertical dimensions of boxes shall be the same for a given set of drawings.

d. Layouts.

(1) Functions. Drawings should be arranged with the major or primary functions ina straight line and the minor, supporting, or secondary functions branched offfrom the main functions.

(2) Conductors. An electrical conductor (wire) shall be shown as a single solid line,which should normally be drawn vertically or horizontally (except for multiple-line terminations to a common terminal). Sequential terminal or connector


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contact numbering may be disregarded in order to avoid or minimize crossedlines and provide a conductor path as short and direct as possible.

(3) Crossed Conductors. A conductor may cross one other conductor if the use of13-millimeter (mm)-(1/2-inch-) diameter ballouts would result in a symbol(ballout) interference or impede circuit readability. All such crossed conductorlines shall intersect at right angles. Crossovers of inclined or curved portions ofmultiple lines (feeders) to a common terminal shall also intersect at right anglesby choice of an angle or radius.

(4) Continued Circuit Symbol. The top half of the continued circuit symbol [13-mm-(l/2-inch-) diameter ballout] shall indicate the circuit reference character;the lower half shall indicate the sheet number where its circuit continuation islocated. A short solid line in the lower half shall indicate a continuation on thesame sheet. A letter is used for the top-half character in a ballout on the samesheet, beginning with the letter A on any given sheet. Circuit numbers shall beassigned consecutively throughout the drawing package. The last numberedballout used shall be entered in the general notes on the Notes, Legend, and Ab-breviations sheet. (See figure 4-1.)

(5) Alignment of Symbols. Symbols shall be horizontally aligned and drawn verti-cally whenever possible.

(6) Spacing of Symbols. Symbols shall be spaced so that connecting conductorlines are as straight as possible (without offset).

(7) Box Alignment. The alignment of related boxes should be systematic and logi-cal.

(8) Connecting Line Arrangement. Boxes shall be arranged so that connecting con-ductor lines are drawn as straight as possible (without offset).

e. Cover Sheet. The drawing package title shall be positioned in the middle portion ofthe sheet. Lettering shall be uppercase Gothic and shall be 13 mm (1/2 inch) high(minimum).

(1) Title Block. All lettering in the title block shall be uppercase Gothic and shallbe 5 mm (3/16 inch) high (minimum). Area locations may be abbreviated.

(2) Subtitles. Subtitles and/or sheet descriptions (e.g., Cover Sheet, Index, and Re-vision, etc.) shall be entered above the title block. Lettering shall be uppercaseGothic and shall be 5 mm (3/16 inch) high (minimum).

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f. Drawing Number. Drawing numbers shall be assigned in accordance with the provi-sions of this manual. Number size shall be 5 mm (3/16 inch) high (minimum).

g. Reference Designators. Reference designators shall be in accordance with MSFC-STD-349.

h. Symbols. Electrical symbols shall be made in accordance with KSC-STD-152-2.

i. Buses. In general, buses shall be aligned horizontally. When two or more commonbuses are adjacent (except those within a patch rack), they may be joined to form onebus. Except for jumpers and special cases, wire shall not be shown from top to bottomfor the same bus symbol.

j. Terminal. In general, terminals shall be aligned horizontally.

k. Cables. Electrical cables shall be shown as a number of solid (conductor) lines ingroups that are separated by breaks in the horizontal division lines of major units.These breaks shall be used to show changes in cables and connectors. Electrical cablegrounding configurations shall be shown in accordance with the prescribed shieldgrounding schematic format as specified in KSC-STD-152-2. A dashed double-lineshield band centered between the horizontal division lines and crossing conductor linesshall be used to designate overall shielded cables. Break symbols on the ends of theshield bands may be used to indicate a continuation of the cable composition and/or aground circuit delineation on another sheet. Each conductor within the cable shallterminate at a connector contact or terminal symbol.

1. Lettering. Lettering templates and/or other mechanical devices shall be used for alldrawing text. Lettering in the field of the drawing shall be uppercase Gothic and shallbe 5 mm (3/16 inch) high (minimum) for headings (e.g., legend, general notes, abbre-viations, etc.) and shall be uppercase Gothic and 3 mm (1/8 inch) high (minimum) forgeneral text. Electrical connector pin designations normally shown with lowercase let-ters shall be shown on drawings with underlined lowercase letters. In all cases, letter-ing shall be large enough to permit reduction to B-size drawings without loss of read-ability.

m. Major Unit Designations. Lettering for major unit designations shall be placed withinthe left side of the box where the unit starts on the sheet. All major unit boxes shall beclosed on the left side even though the box is a continuation from the previous sheet.

n. Part Reference Designators. Short sign reference designators complete with terminalidentifications for buses (including patch points) shall be located to the side oppositethe conductor terminations on the symbol. Short sign part reference designators forother parts (e.g., relays, diodes, resistors, fuses, capacitors, heaters, switches, valves,etc.) shall be located to the right side of a vertically (preferred) drawn part symbol or


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above a horizontally drawn symbol. The short sign reference designator of a part con-taining a series of terminal, or contact points spaced horizontally in alignment [e.g.,hardware interface module (HIM) cards, connectors, and terminal boards], shall be lo-cated to the left side of the first symbol only. A slash (/) shall be used to separate partreference designators from terminal or contact designators when shown together (e.g.,J1/A, TB3/9, etc.).

o. Connection Identification. Part terminal or contact identifications (e.g., numbers, let-ters, or combinations of both) shall be located to the right side of a vertically (pre-ferred) drawn part symbol or below a horizontally drawn symbol. Where a terminalboard and associated jack have the same contact number, the terminal number shall beomitted from the drawing.

Mounted connector reference and contact identifications shall be located within theirrespective unit or box enclosures and shall be located below the horizontal lines repre-senting bulkhead plates.

p. Connector Labels. At umbilical and staging electrical interfaces, each connector shallbe identified by name and by electrical reference (e.g., J1 umbilical No. 3).

q. Electrical Parameters. Ohmic and wattage values shall be located to the right of thecomponent. If components are drawn along a horizontal line, these numbers shall belocated under the component.

r. Part Functional Reference. A sheet number enclosed by parentheses and located to theleft side of a symbol that represents a part of a multielement device (e.g., relays) maybe used to indicate the principal drawing sheet in which the functional description ofthat device is delineated.

s. Box Labels. Boxes shall be labeled on schematics with the official title and electricalreference designator, except for independent transducers in the instrumentation system.These transducers shall be identified by electrical reference designator and transducertype or measurement number. Electromechanical components (e.g., solenoid valves)shall also show the mechanical find number.

t. Circuitry in Boxes. Boxes that functionally need to be explained pin by pin shall eithershow the detail circuitry or show the operation by use of symbolism. Symbology is tobe used whenever possible to avoid cluttering system schematics within componentboxes.

u. HIM Card Labels. HIM cards shall be identified with the card octal address, the chan-nel number, the measurement number, and the function description.

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v. General Notes. Notes and flag notes applicable to all drawing sheets shall be listed innumerical order, shall be entitled "Notes," and shall be located on the Notes, Legend,and Abbreviations sheet.

w. Mechanical Components. When solenoid valves are used to control pneumatic com-ponents, the solenoid valve, its controlled pneumatic component, and the feedbacksignals shall all be shown on the same sheet.

4.3 ELEMENTARY ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC (EES)

An elementary electrical schematic contains much of the same information as an advanced elec-trical schematic except that wire routings and most of the detailed wire connections of the com-ponent items are omitted. These diagrams show all black boxes that are on the advanced sche-matic with sufficient detail to identify components and black-box functions. The schematicshows components in their functional relationship and is not restricted to drawing location byblack-box outlines. Cross-reference information between the elementary electrical schematic andthe electromechanical control diagram is shown. Hydraulic/pneumatic control circuits may alsobe shown. (See figure 4-2.)

4.3.1 APPLICATION. An elementary electrical schematic shall be used for electrical controland monitoring of all ground support systems (including electrical, mechanical, fluid, and pneu-matic systems), 28-volt direct current (dc) power supplies, and control and monitoring systemsfor alternating current (ac) power systems. An elementary schematic is also used for trouble-shooting, operational analysis, software programming, reliability studies, logic simplification,modification requirement evaluation, modification design development, and understanding andcommunication among design, sustaining, and operations personnel.

4.3.2 REQUIREMENTS. An elementary electrical schematic shall show each circuit and com-ponent of a system from end to end. The front end of a circuit may be a specific interface with adesignated circuit on another system drawing as a support function. The service end shall beshown so that every circuit reflects connections to all of the devices and elements therein. Theschematic shall be either horizontal or vertical ladder type. (Industry-type drawings shall be usedfor elevators.) Each circuit across the ladder shall include all devices and elements with eachblack box shown with its equivalent devices and elements within a dashed-line enclosure. Whereequivalent or simplified circuits are used to show the logic within a black box, J-designators anddotted circuit lines shall be used to indicate an imaginary circuit rather than an actual circuit rep-resentation.

The following requirements shall also apply to elementary electrical schematics:

a. The drawing shall include primary, redundant, and backup circuits and components, aswell as all local and remote control, indication, and recording circuits. General loca-tion code, electrical reference designator, name, and measurement number shall beshown for each device and element.


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b. The drawing shall show the system in a deenergized condition.

c. A related group of circuits shall be identified by a title at the top of the drawing nam-ing the general function of the group. The title shall be centered over each group withextension lines indicating the total span of the group.

d. Buses shall be drawn horizontally where possible, with positive at the top and negativeat the bottom. Bus lines shall be identified in each zone in which they appear. If seg-mented, each segment shall be identified. Bus lines may be shown as identified linesegments.

e. The schedule of circuit elements and devices shall show the schematic location andfunction of contacts, relays, switches, controls, and monitoring devices. This schedule,which shall appear in right-hand zones, shall include all spare contacts and relays.

f. When required for positive operational configuration display, switch contact schedulesshall be included to indicate the position of multiple contact devices (such as drum,cam, and selector switches) and to explain when limit switches are tripped from theposition shown on the elementary control diagram.

g. Hydraulic/pneumatic control circuits may be added, if required, to show the total sys-tem control on one schematic.

4.4 ELECTRICAL SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM

An electrical single-line diagram shows, by means of single lines and graphic symbols, thecourse of each electrical circuit and the component devices or parts used. It omits much of thedetailed control and monitoring information shown on an advanced electrical schematic.

4.4.1 APPLICATION. An electrical single-line diagram shall be applicable to all ac power sys-tems used for transmission, generation, distribution, and secondary services of electrical energyfor such ground support equipment as the Mobile Launcher Platform (MLP). The diagram shallalso cover grounding systems and constant current and constant potential exterior lighting sys-tems.

4.4.2 REQUIREMENTS. An electrical single-line diagram shall show each system from end toend. An end of a system may be a specific interface with another designated system, such as asupport or a service function. The operational and maintenance interfaces of the system withother support or service systems shall be shown. Each system shall include all functions requiredto operate and maintain the system.


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The following requirements shall also apply to electrical single-line diagrams:

a. All circuits, protective devices, switch devices, switching stations, transformers, etc.,shall be identified by electrical reference designators. Each cable shall be identified bycable and wire number. Each device and element shall be identified and noted with itsrating, description, and location.

b. Each switch device and breaker shall be shown in its proper open or closed positionwhen the power system is in the normal operating configuration. Protective relay set-tings, fuse sizes, and breaker ratings shall be included.

c. A physical relationship of control and monitoring devices to power systems shall beshown.

4.5 ELECTRICAL TWO-LINE DC POWER DIAGRAM

An electrical two-line dc power diagram locates power supplies, electrical service, and dc powerdistribution within a structure such as the MLP. The room or area location of the componentsshall be noted.

4.5.1 APPLICATION. An electrical two-line dc power diagram shall be used for all dc powerdistribution systems.

4.5.2 REQUIREMENTS. On an electrical two-line power diagram, distribution panel boardsshall be drawn by two lines showing common trip/tie handle breakers, as applicable. Wire num-bers and terminations shall be identified, and all spare breakers and unused spaces shall beshown. All circuits, protective devices, and panel boards shall be identified by electrical refer-ence designation. The positive and negative circuit paths shall show separate buses, conductors,breakers, and fuses. Fuse size shall be shown. Frame sizes and trip ratings for all breakers shallbe given. Operational and maintenance interfaces of the system with other support or servicesystems shall be included on the drawing.

4.6 CABLE INTERCONNECT DIAGRAM (CID)

A cable interconnect diagram is a graphic presentation of the arrangement of controlled electricalelements or assemblies necessary for a system to perform its intended function without necessar-ily considering actual physical size, shape, or detailed locations. Cable interconnect diagrams areelectrical block diagrams that identify controlled elements or assemblies by listing the drawing ordocument number that currently defines each one. The system specifications and all system in-terface control documents are identified by their current document number. In addition, theblock diagram format shows the functional relationship of system elements as well as the func-tional location of interfaces.

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4.6.1 DEFINITIONS.

a. Controlled Element or Assembly. A controlled element or assembly is the lowest ele-ment or assembly to be defined on a cable interconnect diagram but is essential to thefunction, logic, flow, and operation of the system. They are identified by part num-bers, find numbers, and/or reference designator numbers.

b. Noncontrolled Element. A noncontrolled element is a system element that is not de-fined on the cable interconnect diagram.

4.6.2 APPLICATION. A cable interconnect diagram shall be used to provide a means of estab-lishing and maintaining an electrical configuration baseline at the controlled element and/or as-sembly level. The diagram does this by identifying the currently installed electrical componentsand assemblies in each system and by specifying the documentation that must be maintained cur-rent as a minimum. (See figure 4-3.)

4.6.3 REQUIREMENTS. A cable interconnect diagram shall contain sufficient information toestablish and define those design elements and parameters that are essential to describe the in-tended function and use of a system. The cable interconnect diagram is the top drawing for elec-trical control systems. All drawings categorized as cable interconnect diagrams shall be preparedin accordance with the following requirements:

a. General. All cable interconnect diagrams, whenever possible, shall read functionallyfrom left to right and top to bottom beginning at input or source and ending at output,designation, or load. The drawings shall be arranged with the major or primary func-tions in a straight line and the minor, supporting, or secondary functions branched offfrom the main function. The diagrams shall be prepared and maintained to reflect theas-designed configuration. Lines should normally be vertical or horizontal and as shortand direct as possible, with a minimum of crossovers. Crossing lines shall intersect atright angles. The drawing shall be structured to place symbols in the same relative lo-cation as the actual equipment to the maximum degree possible. To adequately de-scribe the system function or control logic, operations or design criteria, parameters,and characteristics may be included in the diagrams. The size of all lettering and num-bers shall be such that prints of drawings are still legible when reduced to B-size for-mat. A system cable interconnect diagram shall be on a single drawing sheet, if possi-ble.

b. Organization. A cable interconnect diagram shall consist of the following sections ar-ranged in the sequence shown:

(1) Title, Index, Legend, and Abbreviations Sheet. The title, index, legend, and ab-breviations sheet shall be sheet 1 and shall contain the following:


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(a) The title, including the system name, area, and system model number, shall bepositioned in the upper middle portion of the sheet. Lettering shall be upper-case Gothic and 13 mm (1/2 inch) high (minimum).

(b) Title block lettering to be uppercase Gothic and 4 mm (5/32 inch) high (mini-mum).

(c) Drawing sheet descriptions (e.g., title and index, item number and part identifi-cation, interface locations, etc.) to be entered directly above the title block.Lettering shall be uppercase Gothic and 4 mm (5/32 inch) high (minimum).

(d) A table listing the title and revision status of all sheets included in the drawingpackage.

(e) A table listing all interface control drawings (ICD's), their titles, revision statusand interface revision notices (IRN's) applicable for the system being docu-mented (physical and functional level may be shown). Because of space limita-tions, the ICD title may consist of key words only.

(f) A legend starting approximately 130 mm (5 inches) below the upper border andending no closer than 160 mm (6-1/4 inches) to the right-hand border. Specialor nonstandard symbols may be added to the legend as required.

(g) Notes to be listed below the legend.

(h) Nonstandard abbreviations to be listed below the notes.

(i) A list of all applicable documents that are referenced or identified in the bodyof the cable interconnect diagram (except those drawings that are identified onthe item number and part identification sheet).

(j) A list of all other applicable documents deemed necessary to define the systemconfiguration baseline, not identified elsewhere in the diagram (e.g., systemadvanced schematics, electromechanical control diagrams, etc.).

(2) Item Number and Part Identification Sheet. An item number and part identificationsheet shall contain the following system component and part identification informa-tion in tabular form:

(a) An "Item Number" column shall list the component item number as shown inthe diagram. Consecutive item numbers shall be assigned to each componentidentified. Identical items shall be identified by the same item number andsummed quantities shall be identified.

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(b) A "Nomenclature" column shall contain either a title or description. Abbrevia-tions may be used due to space limitations. For all items that are not controlledby a Government specification control drawing, detailed descriptive informa-tion shall be provided in this column.

(c) The "Drawing Number" column shall contain the component or assemblydrawing number plus the suffix. The vendor part number or other stock num-bers shall not be shown if the part is assigned a Government specification ordrawing number. An approved vendor name and part number shall be providedif the item is not controlled by a Government specification control drawing. Ineach case, the vendor name and part number shall be followed by the words "orengineering approved equal." Specific, descriptive part information must begiven in the "Nomenclature" column.

(d) A "Quantity" column shall contain total quantity of the items and shall be di-vided as to area of use (e.g., MLP 1, MLP 2, OPF, LCC, etc.).

(3) System Rack Elevation Sheet. A system rack elevation sheet shall be identified bythe words RACK ELEVATION directly above the title block and shall show thefollowing:

(a) The system rack elevation by area.

(b) Each element within the rack shall indicate the rack space required (e.g., 170millimeters, 6.75 inches).

(c) Each element, other than blank panels, shall indicate the reference designatorassigned.

(d) Only front elevations shall be shown unless components are normally operatedor used with access through rear door.

(4) System Interconnect Diagram Sheet. A system interconnect diagram sheet shallmake up the remainder of the cable interconnect diagram and shall show the entiresystem starting at the hardware interface module. System interconnect diagramsdepict the individually controlled elements utilized by the system and are intercon-nected by cabling to define the relationship between the controlled elements. Sys-tem interconnect sheets shall be prepared in accordance with the following require-ments:

(a) If the controlled element is identified by an approved symbol, the descriptivename of the component is not required. If a block or other symbol is used, adescriptive name shall accompany the symbol. Each controlled element shallbe identified by an item number and its assigned reference designator or A-


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number. The item number shall be enclosed in a small box and positioned in ornear the symbol of the controlled elements and shall be identified by a uniquefind number or A-number in accordance with section VI of this manual. Allelectrically or electronically controlled elements shall be identified by a uniquereference designator in accordance with section VI of this manual. A-numbersand reference designator numbers shall be obtained from the documentationcenter for all items presently identified by such a number.

(b) Each electrically controlled element in the system shall be drawn with solidlines.

(c) Cabling that is part of the system shall be drawn with solid lines.

(d) If the assembly outline is shown with the controlled elements, the outline shallbe drawn with a heavy solid line.

(e) Dotted or dashed blocks or symbols shall be used to show other systems thatinterface, and delineation shall always continue to include the first identifiableitem past the last solid block and be keyed to other appropriate cable intercon-nect diagrams (or drawings if no cable interconnect diagram exists). Each dot-ted or dashed block shall contain the name of the system that is being inter-faced, the identification of the first interfaced component or assembly, and thecable interface diagram number of that system.

(f) The size of the component or the weight of the lines shall bear no direct rela-tionship to the size or importance of the function it represents.

(g) All controlled elements in the system shall be shown and identified.

(h) Small details of information shall be added throughout the body of the drawingto improve and enhance the technical usability of the drawings.

(i) Interfaces with 60-hertz power; other special power shall show the circuitbreaker number and size.

(j) Phantom lines shall always denote segregation of areas or locations (e.g.,rooms, MLP/pad, MLP/VAB). This line shall not be used to separate elementsor assemblies unless the elements or assemblies are in different areas or loca-tions.

(k) Cable interconnect diagrams shall be prepared only on drawing format sheets inKSC format (KSC form 21-9) as defined in this manual. The drawing sizeshall be specified by the responsible design organization.

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(l) Lettering templates and/or other mechanical devices shall be used for all draw-ing text. Lettering in the field of the drawing shall be uppercase Gothic and 3mm (1/8 inch) high (minimum) for general text and 5 mm (3/16 inch) high(minimum) for headings (e.g., LEGEND, NOTES, ABBREVIATIONS). Elec-trical connector pin designators usually shown with lowercase letters shall beshown on drawings with underlined uppercase letters. In all cases, letteringshall be large enough to permit reduction to B-size without loss of readability.

(m) Cable interconnect diagram drawing numbers shall be assigned in accordancewith the provisions of this manual. Number size shall be 5 mm (3/16 inch)high (minimum).

4.7 MECHANICAL SCHEMATIC

A mechanical schematic defines the function of a fluid circuit, the function and method of opera-tion of each component, and the arrangement and interconnection of the components or elementswithin one or more fluid systems. (See figure 4-4.) A mechanical schematic shall be requiredfor the fabrication or construction of a fluid valve panel or facility fluid installation involvingseveral fluid systems and shall be used for operation and maintenance.

4.7.1 APPLICATION. A mechanical schematic shall be applicable to all fluid systems: gas, wa-ter, hydraulic, air conditioning, oil, fuel, liquefied gas, and vaporized liquid. A mechanicalschematic shall be used for fabrication, construction, troubleshooting, reliability analysis, andpreparation of operation and maintenance procedures.

4.7.2 REQUIREMENTS. A mechanical schematic shall show the system or equipment fromend to end and include all components (operational, control, monitoring, and metering) withinthat system. Each component shall be identified by a mechanical find number (called an A num-ber), which shall be a unique identifier.

a. The drawing shall show tubing and piping sizes, the medium carried, the direction ofthe flow, and the normal operating pressure. Maximum allowable working values ofpressure and flow, including tolerances may be included if required. Mechanical fluidline codes may be used.

b. Adequate information shall be shown at each electrical interface to allow easy move-ment from the mechanical schematic to the appropriate electrical schematic. This in-formation shall include minimum overlapping details of components at the interface aswell as identification of the electrical drawing by the drawing number.

c. Temperature range shall be indicated if it is other than normal ambient. Relief valvesettings, including tolerances, shall be indicated. Instrumentation systems shall beshown and shall include the normal settings (with tolerances) of pressure, temperature,flow, etc., of the instruments.


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d. Sources of energy (electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic) to control components (valves,motors, or solenoids) shall be shown.

e. All systems shall be shown in deenergized condition.

f. Flight vehicle interfaces shall be identified by the ICD line number. The ICD's con-trolling the schematic shall be noted near the title block.

A key area plan shall be included on the drawing near the title block. This plan shall show theapproximate location of the system and the interconnection of major components.

4.8 ELECTROMECHANICAL CONTROL DIAGRAM (EMCD)

The electromechanical control diagram depicts end-to-end systems similar to a system mechani-cal schematic, but may omit passive, inactive, and some manually operated components. (Seefigure 4-5.) Electrical function designators shall be added to show electrical interfaces.

4.8.1 APPLICATION. Electromechanical drawings shall be used for specified systems in whichthere are electromechanical devices for understanding and explaining the electromechanicallycontrolled operation of a system. These drawings shall also be used for system analysis, GroundOperations Aerospace Language (GOAL) software programming, failure mode and effects analy-sis, and hazard analysis.

4.8.2 REQUIREMENTS. An electromechanical control diagram shall show each system fromend to end. An end of a system may be a specific interface with another system as a support orservice function. Applicable system mechanical schematics and electromechanical control dia-grams shall be referenced for the interfacing systems. The active, electromechanically controlledcomponents shall be shown in proper functional relationship, as well as proper logic arrange-ment, to serve as a basis for understanding system operation from a computer programmer'sviewpoint. Function designator numbers shall be shown near related components. Passive andmanually operated components may be omitted unless their inclusion is necessary forunderstanding the system's operation. Components are not restricted to black-box outlines andmay appear in the field of the drawing as functionally appropriate.

The following requirements shall also apply to electromechanical control diagrams:

a. Circuits may be omitted where a manually operated switch is open in all supportingoperating modes of the system.

b. Flow lines may be omitted where a manually operated valve is closed in all supportoperating modes of the system (e.g., drain valve lines).


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c. Mechanical safety devices may be omitted where either local or remote monitors andalarms on an electromechanical control diagram indicate the result of the safety deviceoperation (e.g., high-pressure relief valves).

d. Manually operated valves that are open in all supporting modes of the system and arenot essential to describe system support operation (e.g., isolation valves for risers) maybe omitted.

e. All black boxes shall be shown to reflect correct control logic and to complete all flowpaths and electrical circuits.

f. Electrical, pneumatic, and pressure-operated switches and valves shall be shown in adeenergized or depressurized position. Where shown, manually operated devices shallbe in the normal position for normal system operation. Device position is not shownfor redundant and emergency operating modes.

g. The diagrams shall include every subsystem and system indicating, monitoring, re-cording, and operational control device for all operating modes (e.g., local, remote,automatic, and off). Diagram layout shall be such that bold lines will emphasize themain functional flow of the prime system. The subsystem shall surround this layout toshow functional support. An operator valve shall be shown near its related controlledvalve (e.g., an electrical solenoid valve near the pneumatically operated main flowvalve).

h. Electromechanical drawings for elevator systems or for others with many operatingmodes and extensive safety features should be prepared to industry standards.

i. Key power diagrams shall be included and shall show the sources of voltages and flowpressures referenced on the diagram. Key layout plans shall be included and shallshow the location of end devices and supply systems to be served by the prime system;pickup devices and return system for a closed-loop system; control, monitoring, andsensing devices and elements; and principal equipment.

j. All control, monitoring, and indicating devices in a subsystem shall be shown with re-lated sensors for all operating modes: local, remote, automatic, and manual (includingredundancy). Measurement numbers shall be shown.

4.9 SYSTEM MECHANICAL SCHEMATIC (SMS)

A system mechanical schematic is a simplified mechanical schematic showing the arrangementand interconnection of components within a single system. A system mechanical schematic shallnot be required for fabrication or construction of the system but shall be needed to operate andmaintain the system. The system mechanical schematic may be combined with the electrome-chanical control diagram.


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4.9.1 APPLICATION. A system mechanical schematic shall be used for all applications thatpertain to mechanical systems that interface with a space vehicle. (See figure 4-6.)

4.9.2 REQUIREMENTS. A system mechanical schematic shall show all the system end-to-endand mechanical components within the system. All mechanical find numbers shall be shown andthe space vehicle shown. Vehicle interfaces shall be identified by the ICD line number. Appli-cable interface control drawing numbers shall be included. The main system flow may be em-phasized by heavy lines. All mechanical components shall be shown in the deenergized position.

4.10 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM (BD)

A system block diagram is a single-line diagram depicting interconnections and flow betweenelements of a system or assembly.

4.10.1 DEFINITIONS.

a. Dedicated Element or Assembly. A dedicated element or assembly is the lowest ele-ment or assembly to be defined on the system block diagram. These items are essen-tial to the function, flow, and operation of the system and are identified by part num-ber, mechanical find number, and/or reference designator numbers in accordance withthis manual.

b. Interface Element or Assembly. An interface element or assembly is an element notdedicated to the system but that interfaces with the system.

4.10.2 APPLICATION. A system block diagram shall be used to provide an end-to-end systemmanagement overview to support vehicle operations. (See figure 4-7.)

4.10.3 REQUIREMENTS. The following requirements shall be applicable for the preparationof a system block diagram:

a. The system shall be laid out from left to right where possible (e.g., storage area on theleft, vehicle on the right).

b. The fluid flow shall be horizontal where possible (e.g., supply to the right, return toleft).

c. The electrical flow shall be from top to bottom where possible.

d. Dedicated elements shall be solid boxes.

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e. Interfacing elements shall be dashed boxes. Interfacing system block diagrams, if pos-sible, shall be referenced and program and KSC level (II and III) interface controldocuments shall be referenced at the interface line.

f. Secondary flow direction shall be indicated by arrows, open for electrical( ), unfilled for gas ( ), and filled for liquid ( ).

g. Main liquid flows may be heavy lines with interior arrows spaced periodically alongthe pipe, unfilled for gas ( ) and filled ( ) for liquid.

h. The electrical flow shall be light lines with arrows at each end of the cables.

i. The program model number, element title, and schematic and reference designatornumbers shall be identified in each block, as applicable.

j. Locations of elements shall be defined (e.g., OPF, MLP, etc.).

k. The title block shall indicate the operations area and system depicted.

1. General notes shall be placed in the upper right side.

m. The drawing shall be structured to place system components in the same relative loca-tion as the actual equipment to the maximum degree possible.

n. Drawing numbers for system block diagrams shall be preassigned.

o. System block diagrams may be on J-size format and shall be legible when reduced to Bsize.

p. Each preparer shall prepare and maintain a list of source data utilized in preparing thesystem block diagrams. The source data used shall be packaged and filed by systemfor future reference.

4.11 GROUND INTEGRATED SCHEMATIC (GIS)

A ground integrated schematic combines a system block diagram with its related advanced elec-trical schematic, cable interconnect diagram, and system mechanical schematic/electro-mechanical control diagram.

4.11.1 APPLICATION. A ground integrated schematic shall give end-to-end system visibilityand definition in various levels of detail and display formats. Used in conjunction with interfac-ing schematics, a ground integrated schematic is an analytic tool for program engineering and


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operational functions. A ground integrated schematic can be used as an aid for preparing opera-tion and maintenance instructions, troubleshooting, fault isolation, and GOAL programming.

4.11.2 REQUIREMENTS. The requirements for a ground integrated schematic shall be thesame as the requirements for the individual drawings that make up the schematic. However, asystem mechanical schematic/electromechanical control diagram is not required for an electricalsystem that contains no mechanical components.

4.12 LOGIC DIAGRAM

A logic diagram describes, by means of standard logic symbols and supplementary notations, thedetails of signal flow and control existing in two-state (binary) devices or portions thereof. Alogic diagram may, but does not necessarily, indicate the point-to-point connections that exist ina network of logic elements. There are two types of logic diagrams, basic and detailed.

4.12.1 APPLICATION. A logic diagram shall be applicable to all systems, assemblies, controls,or portions thereof that employ two-state (binary) devices. These diagrams shall be used for de-sign, fabrication, troubleshooting, operation and maintenance, reliability analysis, and modifica-tion analysis.

4.12.2 REQUIREMENTS.

4.12.2.1 Basic Logic Diagram. A basic logic diagram shall depict logic functions without refer-ence to physical implementation. It shall contain a minimum amount of detail and shall primar-ily employ logic symbols to depict logic relationships. Normally, nonlogic functions shall not beshown. Notations shall be included as necessary to produce a complete understanding of thelogic design.

4.12.2.2 Detailed Logic Diagram. A detailed logic diagram shall depict all logic functions andshow nonlogic functions, socket locations, pin numbers, test points, and other physical elementsnecessary to describe the physical and electrical aspects of the logic functions.

4.13 FUNCTIONAL FLOW DIAGRAM

A functional flow diagram is an orderly representation of a process. It is a graphic illustration inwhich activities are defined and their relationships are illustrated by means of symbols that repre-sent operations, data flow, and equipment.

4.13.1 APPLICATION. A functional flow diagram shall be primarily used to develop computerprograms but can be used in the analysis of any problem.

4.13.2 REQUIREMENTS. A functional flow diagram shall consist of a set of geometric sym-bols, each representing a certain operation, and a line indicating the order in which the operations

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are to be performed. The basic symbols consist of a diamond representing a yes or no decision; acircle used for starting points, end points, and references to other pages of the flow chart; andrectangles representing specific tasks to be performed.

4.14 SPECIFICATION DRAWINGS

Specification drawings that are utilized for construction, fabrication, modification, or installationof equipment may be prepared in accordance with the NASA specifications kept intact(SPECSINTACT) guidelines and format. Equipment and component procurement/performance,process, and material specification drawings shall be prepared in accordance with the require-ments specified in the following paragraphs.

4.14.1 EQUIPMENT PROCUREMENT/PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION DRAWING. Asystem or equipment procurement/performance specification is an engineering drawing that es-tablishes the function, performance, and design requirements for maintainability, safety, reliabil-ity, and quality assurance to the extent necessary to procure equipment on the commercial mar-ket.

4.14.1.1 Application. Equipment specifications are applicable to the procurement of hardwarewhen it is more cost effective for a commercial manufacturer to design and build a piece ofequipment than for KSC to design and commercially procure it.

4.14.1.2 Requirements. Equipment procurement/performance specification drawings shall beprepared in accordance with the drawing format specified in this document. The contents of thespecifications shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-961.

4.14.2 COMPONENT PROCUREMENT/PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION DRAWING. Acomponent procurement/performance specification drawing specifies the configuration, perform-ance, test requirements, weight and space limitations, and pipe and cable attachments to the ex-tent necessary to obtain a component on the commercial market.

4.14.2.1 Application. Component procurement/performance specifications are applicable to theprocurement of components used in highly critical ground support equipment applications wherethe natural or induced environment is severe.

4.14.2.2 Requirements. Component specification drawings shall be prepared in accordance withKSC-STD-P-0002.

4.14.3 PROCESS SPECIFICATION DRAWING. A process specification drawing is an engi-neering drawing that specifies the methods or techniques required to transform materials into afinished product.


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4.14.3.1 Application. Process specifications are applicable to fabrication methods or techniqueswhere there is a need to ensure proven procedures, to speed production, to lower costs, and tomaintain high quality.

4.14.3.2 Requirements. Process specification drawings shall be prepared in accordance with thedrawing format specified in this document. The contents of the specifications shall be in accor-dance with MIL-STD-961.

4.14.4 MATERIAL SPECIFICATION DRAWING. A material specification drawing is an en-gineering drawing that establishes the requirements for quality, formulation, properties, safety,and tests or inspections required to procure material.

4.14.4.1 Application. Material specifications are applicable to those applications where industry,Federal, military, or NASA specifications for the material to be procured do not exist or whenthese specifications do not adequately define, control, or document the material.

4.14.4.2 Requirements. Material specifications shall be prepared in accordance with the drawingformat specified in this document. The contents of the specifications shall be in accordance withMIL-STD-961.

4.15 COMPONENT MAINTENANCE DRAWING

A component maintenance drawing depicts all information required for performing componentmaintenance overhaul and testing.

4.15.1 APPLICATION. A component maintenance drawing shall be applicable to all thosecomponents defined by KSC specification control drawings that require intermediate and depotmaintenance.

4.15.2 REQUIREMENTS. A component maintenance drawing shall include the requirementsfor adjustment, lubrication, cleaning, torque, fluid compatibility, allowable leakage, special tools,performance parameters, test setups, finishes and coatings, assembly cautions, and design operat-ing pressures. These drawings shall be assembly and section drawings with a complete illus-trated parts breakdown. (See figure 4-8.) A component maintenance drawing shall include aparts list. This list is a tabulation of items required to fabricate or assemble the end item towhich it applies. The list shall contain the following information:

a. Description: name of part and, when necessary, the size, dimensions, material, and tol-erances

b. True manufacturer's name and CAGE number

c. True manufacturer's part number: Government standard part number, if applicable

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d. Repair parts: when repair parts are supplied in the form of kits or as quick-changeunits, they shall be identified.

e. Quantity: quantity of each part required

4.16 CABLE HARNESS DRAWING

A cable harness (or wire harness) drawing defines a group of wires fabricated in advance of thefinal assembly in a specified configuration for electrical connection within a unit or assembly.(See figure 4-9.)

4.16.1 APPLICATION. A cable or wire harness drawing shall be used for the fabrication of theinternal wiring of an electrical distributor or enclosure.

4.16.2 REQUIREMENTS. A cable harness drawing shall show all dimensions necessary to de-fine the harness form and termination points. A cable harness drawing shall also include a sche-matic, data markings, color codes, lengths, material specifications, and other data as necessary.Instructions or references thereto for the fabrication of the harness shall be included in the notes.

4.17 CABLE ASSEMBLY DRAWING

A cable assembly drawing is a listing of single or branched cable assemblies and/or wire bundlesor harnesses that provides information about the configuration of cables within a piece of groundsupport equipment or a system.

4.17.1 APPLICATION. A cable assembly drawing is used in conjunction with a cable subas-sembly drawing and shall be used for the fabrication of a new cable assembly installed in a pieceof ground support equipment or a system.

4.17.2 REQUIREMENTS. A cable assembly drawing shall specify part numbers, reference des-ignator numbers, materials, end configurations, and lengths (in meters) in tabular form. A sketchof a typical cable with dimensions and cable markings shall also be included. (See figure4-10.)

4.18 CABLE INSTALLATION DRAWING

A cable installation drawing shows the installed and assembled position of electrical cable as-semblies relative to the supporting structure or to associated items.

4.18.1 APPLICATION. A cable installation drawing shall be used to route, locate, position, at-tach, and mount electrical cables on ground support equipment.

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4.18.2 REQUIREMENTS. A cable installation drawing shall show adequate information toidentify electrical cables, mating connectors, terminations, and critical clearances or supportpoints. Information necessary for lacing, taping, protective coating, electrical bonding, etc., shallbe specified on the drawing or by reference to applicable documents. (See figure 4-11.)

4.19 CABLE SUBASSEMBLY DRAWING

A cable subassembly drawing is a drawing that provides information about the characteristics ofa cable assembly and/or harness. Each subassembly is a standard item and may be used on manycable assembly drawings.

4.19.1 APPLICATION. Used in conjunction with a cable assembly drawing, a cable subassem-bly drawing shall be used for the fabrication of new cables and/or harness assemblies. (See fig-ure 4-12.)

4.19.2 REQUIREMENTS. A cable subassembly drawing is a drawing that shall specify cables,connectors, accessories, wiring schematic, and fabrication instructions that are required to build acable assembly and/or harness assembly. Length of cable and marking information are containedin the cable assembly drawing.

4.20 PRINTED-WIRING DRAWING

A printed-wiring drawing depicts the size, shape, pattern, parts, and components applicable to thedesign of printed circuit wiring and printed circuit boards. The drawings shall meet or exceed thedocumentation requirements of ANSI/IPC-D-325. These drawings are of the following types:

4.20.1 PRINTED-WIRING ASSEMBLY DRAWING.

4.20.1.1 Application. A printed-wiring assembly drawing shall depict the printed-wiring boardto which separately manufactured parts, components, or materials have been added.

4.20.1.2 Requirements. A printed-wiring assembly drawing shall establish the size and shape ofthe printed-wiring board, the size and location of all the holes therein, marking materials, com-ponents, and the conductor definition. (See figure 4-13.) The assembly drawing shall include, asa minimum, the following:

a. A parts list

b. Assembly detail

c. Printed-wiring board detail


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d. Reference masters

e. Board schematic/logic diagram

4.20.2 PRINTED-WIRING MASTER PATTERN DRAWING.

4.20.2.1 Application. A printed-wiring master pattern drawing is a precise scale pattern that isused to produce the printed circuit within the accuracy requirements of the assembly drawing.(See figure 4-14.)

4.20.2.2 Requirements. A printed-wiring master pattern drawing shall be prepared on a stablebase film. The drawing shall not be drawn on a KSC drawing format as required by this manual.The drawing shall contain a board outline, alignment targets, and all printed markings in additionto the conductive and nonconductive paths drawn to precise scale.

4.21 ASSEMBLY DRAWING

An assembly drawing depicts the assembly relationship of two or more parts, a combination ofparts and subassemblies, or a group of assemblies.

4.21.1 APPLICATION. An assembly drawing shall be compiled by the responsible KSC engi-neering organization to aid in the assembly installation. Assembly drawings are generally notmaintained drawings, unless operation and maintenance documentation (OMD) requirementsspecifically require them to be kept updated.

4.21.2 REQUIREMENTS. An assembly drawing shall contain sufficient views to show the rela-tionship between each subassembly and part comprising the assembly depicted. Subassembliesand parts shall be called out in the field of the drawing by find (item) numbers cross-referencedto the identifying numbers in a parts list. The assembly drawing shall show where the revisionand dash numbers are to be stamped on the board. When part identification and assembly rela-tionship are shown on subassemblies, unless referenced thereon, this information shall not be re-peated on the assembly drawing of the next higher order; only the identifying number, configura-tion, and location of the subassembly shall be shown. Assembly drawings shall contain refer-ences to pertinent installation drawings and wiring and schematic diagrams, as applicable. Thedivision of an assembly into subassemblies shall be in accordance with practical assembly anddisassembly procedures. (See figure 4-15.)

4.21.2.1 Electrical Items. Electrical items shall be shown and identified on assembly drawings;however, small electrical items mounted by means of wire connections may be shown and identi-fied either on the assembly drawing or on the pertinent wiring diagram. Wiring diagrams whenincluded in assembly drawings shall show only the wiring for components in the assemblyshown. Interconnects with other equipment in system will be covered by reference drawings.


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4.21.2.2 Attaching Parts. Attaching parts (bolts, nuts, washers, etc.) required to mount and re-tain assemblies shall be called out on assembly drawings by find (item) numbers showing theitem on which the attachment takes place.

4.22 DETAIL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

A detail assembly drawing depicts an assembly on which one or more parts are detailed withinthe assembly view or auxiliary views, in lieu of preparing separate detail drawings. (See figure4-16.)

4.22.1 APPLICATION. A detail assembly drawing shall be used to show the relationship be-tween parts common to an assembly with adequate details of the parts for fabrication or purchase.

4.22.2 REQUIREMENTS. A detail assembly drawing shall identify or define all items neces-sary to complete the assembly and define their assembled relationship. Other requirements shallbe those specified for an assembly drawing.

4.23 DETAIL DRAWING

A detail drawing consists of sufficient delineation or description with necessary dimensioningand supporting information to define a part and represents the as-built configuration. (See figure4-17.)

4.23.1 APPLICATION. A detail drawing shall be used when a part is not a one-time item, is astandard part, or has more than one application.

4.23.2 REQUIREMENTS. A detail drawing shall define all features of the parts depicted, in-cluding, as applicable, configuration, dimensions, tolerances, materials, mandatory processes,surface finish, protective coating, symbols, etc. Documents required to supplement the drawingin stating end-product requirements for the part shall be prescribed by notes or tables on thedrawing. When a group of similar items has both constant and variable characteristics, thesecharacteristics shall be shown in tabular form to avoid preparing an individual drawing for eachitem. Detail drawings shall show the next higher drawing numbers. When parts of an item arepermanently attached (e.g., a weldment), part numbers shall not be used to define the individualparts (e.g., back plate, gusset, and top plates), but sufficient detail (dimensions and specifica-tions) shall be provided for fabrication and installation.

4.24 ARRANGEMENT DRAWING

An arrangement drawing depicts the relationship of major units of an item in any projection orperspective, with or without controlling dimensions, and represents the as-built configuration.

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4.24.1 APPLICATION. An arrangement drawing shall be used to clarify the relationship be-tween assemblies.

4.24.2 REQUIREMENTS. An arrangement drawing shall show sufficient views of the item toconvey a general understanding of the configuration and the location of major units. Overall, lo-cating and other general dimensions necessary to define the configuration may be shown. Majorunits shall be identified.

4.25 ENVELOPE DRAWING

An envelope drawing discloses configuration, performance, and test requirements to the extentnecessary to enable development of design details of a new item, and represents the as-built con-figuration.

4.25.1 APPLICATION. An envelope drawing shall be used to define the space a componentuses, without showing complete details.

4.25.2 REQUIREMENTS. An envelope drawing shall depict configuration; mounting and mat-ing dimensions and other necessary dimensions; performance, installation, reliability, and inter-changeability characteristics; and test requirements to the extent necessary to develop design de-tails. If an electrical, electronic, or other engineering circuit is involved, a schematic connectionor other appropriate diagram shall be included or referenced for information on making externalconnections.

4.26 INSTALLATION DRAWING

An installation drawing shows general configuration, attaching hardware, and information to lo-cate, position, and install an item relative to its supporting structure or to associated items andrepresents the as-built configuration. (See figure 4-18.)

4.26.1 APPLICATION. An installation drawing shall be used when a fully assembled item,such as a panel or distributor, is to be installed in a larger unit and may show the miscellaneousattaching hardware, components, and electrical connections.

4.26.2 REQUIREMENTS. An installation drawing shall include the following, as applicable:

a. Interface mounting and mating information such as attaching hardware and its dimen-sions or locations

b. Interface pipe and cable attachments required when the item is to be installed and tofunction with related items

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d. Location, size, and arrangement of ducts

e. Weight of unit

f. Location, type, and dimensions of cable entrances, terminal tubes, and electrical con-nectors

g. Interconnecting and cable data

h. Overall and principal dimensions in sufficient detail to establish the limits of space inall directions required for installation, operation, and servicing. The amount of clear-ance required to permit the opening of doors for the removal of plug-in units shall beincluded. Clearance for travel or rotation of any moving parts shall be shown, includ-ing the centers of rotation; angles of train in azimuth, elevation, and depression; andradii from each pivot to the end of each rotating element involved in clearance deter-mination.

4.27 SPACE ALLOCATION DRAWING

A space allocation drawing sets forth dimensional information for an item in terms of area andspace, sway and access clearance, and pipe and cable attachment required when the item is to beinstalled and to function with related items, and represents the as-built configuration.

4.27.1 APPLICATION. A space allocation drawing shall be used to define critical or unusualfunctional or space requirements within GSE or a facility.

4.27.2 REQUIREMENTS. A space allocation drawing may include overall and principal di-mensions in sufficient detail to establish the limits of space in all directions required for installa-tion, operation, and servicing. The amount of clearance required to permit the opening of doorsor the removal of plug-in units shall be included. Clearance for travel or rotation of any movingparts shall be shown including the centers of rotation; angles of train in azimuth, elevation, anddepression; and radii from each pivot point to the end of each rotating element involved in clear-ance determination.

4.28 MATCHED-PARTS DRAWING

A matched-parts drawing depicts parts that are machine-matched or otherwise mated and forwhich assembly or replacement as a matched set or pair is essential.

4.28.1 APPLICATION. A matched-parts drawing shall be used for parts that must be assem-bled, ordered, or stocked as a set or pair for proper functioning of the equipment (e.g., gears,springs, electronic parts, and bearing housings).


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4.28.2 REQUIREMENTS. A matched-parts drawing shall designate each matched set or pairand shall state the operating or mating characteristics that are the primary reasons for the use ofmatched parts. The individual matched parts may be detailed on the matched-parts drawing, ifpractical, in lieu of separate detail drawings. However, a single part number, which shall be thenumber of the matched-parts drawing or shall include the number of the matched-parts drawing,shall be assigned to each matched part. The drawing shall require identification marking on eachpart. The note FURNISH ONLY AS A MATCHED SET shall be stated on the drawing.

4.29 ALTERED-PART DRAWING

An altered-part drawing depicts an item produced by a manufacturer under the manufacturer'spart or catalog number that has been modified for use. (See figure 4-19.)

4.29.1 APPLICATION. An altered-part drawing shall be made only when the item cannot beused as manufactured, and then only when the vendor has rejected a request to make the altera-tion. A new part identification shall be assigned to the altered item.

4.29.2 REQUIREMENTS. An altered-part drawing shall contain sufficient data to allow pro-curement of the original item from the same or other source. All alteration information shall beclearly shown in detail and marked with an asterisk (*) to distinguish this information from anyother information that may be supplied. The note ALL DIMENSIONS, REQUIREMENTS,ETC., MARKED BY AN ASTERISK (*) ARE ALTERATIONS OF THE ITEMS ASSUPPLIED UNDER THE VENDOR'S IDENTIFICATION NUMBER shall be stated on thedrawing. The drawing number shall be the same as the number of the altered item and shallshow the vendor's name, address, and part number. However, when identifying the part, the ven-dor's identification shall be removed and the part reidentified with a number that shall be or shallinclude the drawing number of the altered-part drawing. The altered-part drawing shall be identi-fied by the words ALTERED-PART DRAWING immediately above the title block.

4.30 MODIFICATION DRAWING

A modification drawing depicts modifications to existing facilities/systems/equipment. A modi-fication drawing may be used in the preparation of the modification kit or become a part of theinstructions included in the modification kit. A modification drawing serves as a record ofalterations made to equipment in the field and represents the as-built configuration.

4.30.1 APPLICATION. A modification drawing shall be used to describe a modification to bemade to a completed item, usually after acceptance and delivery, but never without approval.The original records of the equipment as shipped shall include records of the equipment modi-fied.

4.30.2 REQUIREMENTS. A modification drawing shall contain or reference all informationnecessary to accomplish the modification. For example, a modification drawing shall:

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a. Identify the item to be modified and indicate its new identity, when required, aftermodification.

b. Show the item in sufficient detail to describe how the modification is to be accom-plished, including before- and after-modification delineation or description.

c. List and identify all items to be removed and all items to be altered or added.

For all drawings directly affected by the modification drawing (e.g., installation drawings), a noteon the affected drawing shall be added to state THIS DRAWING HAS BEEN CHANGED BYMODIFICATION DRAWING 79K12345. (If the affected drawing is not a maintained drawing,an engineering order to the drawing with the reference note shall be prepared and released.)

4.31 LAYOUT AND PROPOSAL DRAWINGS

A layout drawing presents the investigation and study of design, and a proposal drawing conveysits features to the customer. The drawings are identified and prepared by the same requirementas production drawings.

4.31.1 APPLICATION. Layout and proposal drawings shall be prepared for approval prior tothe preparation and release of working drawings for the purpose of producing a contract item.

4.31.2 REQUIREMENTS. All layout and proposal drawings shall be identified by a number as-signed by the documentation center in the same manner as production drawings with one excep-tion: To identify the drawing as a layout or proposal drawing, the number used on the drawingmay be the number assigned by the documentation center suffixed with the letter L for a layoutdrawing and the letter P for a proposal drawing. Layout and proposal drawings shall be furtheridentified by the word LAYOUT or the word PROPOSAL, as applicable, placed in the drawingtitle block preceding the drawing title and a note DO NOT USE FOR FABRICATION.

4.32 UNDIMENSIONED DRAWING

An undimensioned drawing is a drawing that provides information for fabricating and inspectingparts. (See figure 4-14.)

4.32.1 APPLICATION. An undimensioned drawing shall be used for overlays and photographicprocesses in fabrication techniques.

4.32.2 REQUIREMENTS. An undimensioned drawing shall be prepared on dimensionally sta-ble base film. Items such as printed-wiring masters, decal masters, and pattern detail shall be de-picted by accurate scale layouts rather than by conventional dimensional methods.

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4.33 BLOCK DIAGRAM

A block diagram consists of a line drawing with block outlines to designate units of functionalgroups.

4.33.1 APPLICATION. A block diagram shall be used to present information such as generalarrangement studies, functional explanations, and product familiarization within a system, set, oritem. (See figure 4-20.)

4.33.2 REQUIREMENTS. A block diagram shall be presented in as simple a form as possible.Blocks shall represent units or functions. Lines connecting blocks shall show relationships, di-rection of flow, sequence of operation, etc. Arrowheads shall be used on lines to indicate direc-tion, generally from left to right, top to bottom. All necessary identifications and explanatorynotes shall be entered. Identifying nomenclature shall be included within the block. Dashed-lineblocks may be used to indicate optional items or testing functions.

4.34 SKETCH DRAWING

A sketch drawing is an informal drawing by an engineer or designer.

4.34.1 APPLICATION. A sketch drawing shall be used by engineers and designers for nonpro-duction work or to facilitate development, testing, or prototype work where there is no probabil-ity of a need for fixed records. Sketches shall not be used to revise released drawings, and engi-neering orders (EO's) cannot be issued against sketches.

4.34.2 REQUIREMENTS. A sketch drawing shall be of a standard format size. All sketchdrawings shall be identified by a number assigned by the documentation center and approved bythe responsible design engineer.

4.35 INTERFACE CONTROL DRAWING

An interface control drawing depicts physical and functional interface engineering requirementsof an item that affects the design or operation of cofunctioning items. These drawings are usedas design control documents, delineating interface engineering data coordinated for the purposeof: (1) establishing and maintaining compatibility between cofunctioning items, (2) controllinginterface designs, thereby preventing changes to each item's requirements that would affect com-patibility with cofunctioning subsystems, and (3) communicating design decisions and changes toparticipating activities. (See figure 4-21.)

4.35.1 APPLICATION. An interface control drawing shall be used to define design require-ments between flight hardware and ground support equipment or facility systems or equipment.


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4.35.2 REQUIREMENTS. An interface control drawing shall delineate: (1) configuration andinterface dimensional data applicable to the envelope, mounting, and mating of the items, (2)complete interface engineering requirements (e.g., mechanical, electrical, electronic, hydraulic,pneumatic, optical, etc.) that affect the physical or functional characteristics of cofunctioningitems, and (3) any other characteristics that cannot be changed without affecting system designcriteria. Interface control drawings may be categorized by facility, as necessary. The notationINTERFACE CONTROL DRAWING shall be shown adjacent to the title block.

4.35.3 CHANGES. An interface control drawing shall be changed through the preparation, ap-proval, and release of an Interface Revision Notice (IRN). (See figure 4-22.) IRN's shall be pre-pared on JSC Form 69 and continued on JSC Form 69A. IRN's shall be incorporated into the in-terface control document by revision.

4.36 SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT PARTS LIST

A system/equipment parts list is a tabulation of line-replaceable units (LRU's) or other compo-nents that make up a system.

4.36.1 APPLICATION. A system/equipment parts list shall be applicable to all ground supportequipment systems that do not contain an integral list of materials or a parts list on the systemdrawings.

4.36.2 REQUIREMENTS. A system/equipment parts list (figure 4-23) shall be organized nu-merically by mechanical find number (A-number) for mechanical systems and by reference des-ignator for electrical systems. The list shall include the find number/reference designator, thedrawing number, drawing sheet and zone, nomenclature, KSC part number, component procure-ment specification number, source maintenance and repair (SMR) code, and work unit code asapplicable. The list shall be in find number/reference designator order.

4.37 ELECTRICAL WIRE RUNNING LIST

An electrical wire running list is a tabular drawing specifying wiring data that is pertinent tomanufacturing and supplements the information contained on an electrical advanced schematic.(See figure 4-24.)

4.37.1 APPLICATION. An electrical wire running list shall be applicable to all electrical ad-vanced schematics. If wiring information is provided clearly on the schematics, an electricalwire running list is not required.

4.37.2 REQUIREMENTS. A wire running list shall be identified by its own drawing numberand shall be referenced on its associated assembly drawing.

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4.38 PATCH LIST

A patch list is a computer-generated listing of the required wiring for ground support equipmentsystem patch boards. The list consists of all forward and reverse patches and magnetic tape usedto check out a patch board wired to its applicable patch list.

4.38.1 APPLICATION. Patch lists shall be prepared for each system patch distributor. Thislisting (see figure 4-25) and an applicable magnetic tape shall be used to fabricate the systempatch board in accordance with KSC-W-167. Engineering orders (see figure 4-26) shall be usedto maintain patch board configuration as system requirements checks.

4.38.2 REQUIREMENTS. A patch list shall be a complete listing of all pins on a particular sys-tem patch board. The list shall contain all forward patches, reverse patches, and spare pins. EO'sshall contain all delta configuration changes and show additions, deletions, and new spares. Allforward and reverse changes shall be shown. The patch list shall be prepared and maintainedutilizing the Wire List Maintenance (WILMA) system. Patch list preparation and maintenanceutilizing WILMA shall be in accordance with the process shown in figure 4-27 and the followingrequirements:

a. New WILMA Patch List and EO Preparation.

(1) WILMA Input. Patch list and EO change input may be prepared on WILMA loadforms (KSC Forms 21-169 and 21-169A) and forwarded with appropriate instruc-tions for entry into WILMA.

(2) Validation Run. The input shall be entered into the WILMA program operationfor a validation run. This run will not load the master data disk with the newpatch list but will create an error listing that will be returned to the originator.

(3) Corrections. New WILMA load forms may be created to correct the errors listedfor applicable patches to be submitted for another validation run on WILMA. Theinput validation run [a.(2)] and the procedure to correct the input [a.(3)] will berepeated as many times as required to get an error-free validation run.

(4) Load Run. The error-free input shall be submitted to WILMA for a load run. Thisrun will load the patch list onto the master file, create a magnetic tape, and pro-vide a copy of the patch listing or EO change listing.

(5) Release of Document. A copy of the patch list or EO shall be turned over to theoriginator for release.


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Figure 4-25. Typical Patch List (Sheet 1 of 4)

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(a) Magnetic Tape. The magnetic tape shall be delivered to the Automatic Wir-ing Analyzer (AWA) Laboratory to copy the data onto a floppy disk for fu-ture use as required.

(b) Modification Package. A modification package shall be prepared in order toimplement the wiring of the patch board. Errors found during wiring of thepatchboard or the AWA checkout shall be forwarded to the originating designengineer for correction.

b. Preparation of WILMA Load Forms.

(1) WILMA Load Forms/New List. The WILMA load form (KSC Forms 21-169 and21-169A) may be used to provide input data to create new patch lists for systempatchboards. When more than 20 patches are required, the load form continuationsheet shall be used. The sheets shall be numbered in consecutive page order. Theoriginator shall sign the load form in the spaces provided.

(a) Forward Patching. Only forward patching shall be placed on these loadforms. Reverse patching will be automatically generated on the WILMAoutput listing.

(b) Spares. Spares shall not be indicated; the WILMA output listing will auto-matically handle spare pins.

(c) General Format. When two plugs/pins are required to be patched together,the lowest numbered plug/pin shall always appear in the "From" column.When more than two plugs/pins are required to be patched together (i.e., elec-trically common), the lowest numbered plug/pin shall be considered thecommon point and WILMA load forms will be as follows:

J10/A to J20AJ10/A to J30AJ10/A to J40A(etc., where J10/A is the lowest common point)

See figure 4-28 for further clarification and examples.

(2) WILMA Load Forms/Revision List (EO's). The Wire List Maintenance LoadForm (KSC Forms 21-168 and 21-168A) may be used to provide input data to re-vise existing patch lists. For numeric data elements, it shall be justified right andthe remaining blocks of the field shall be filled with zeros. For alphanumeric (oralpha) data elements, it shall be justified left and the remaining blocks of the fieldshall be left blank. When more than 20 patch changes are required, a continuation


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sheet shall be used. The sheets shall be numbered in consecutive page order. Theresponsible originator shall sign the load form in the spaces provided.

(a) Forward Patching. Only forward patching shall be placed on these loadforms. Reverse patching will be automatically generated on WILMA outputlisting.

(b) Spares. Spares shall not be indicated; the WILMA output EO list will auto-matically handle spare pins.

(c) General Format Examples. The following are aids to be used when patchchanges (EO's) are issued to existing patch lists in the WILMA data base.

1 To change an existing patch to the lowest numbered plug/pin, the exist-ing patch shall be deleted and the new patch added as follows:

Existing PatchesJ10/A to J20/AJ10/A to J30/AJ10/A to J40/A

Delete: J10/A to J20/AAdd: J05/A to J20/A

Existing Patches After ChangeJ05/A to J20/AJ10/A to J30/AJ10/A to J40/A

2 To change the lowest numbered plug/pin, all patches to the lowestplug/pin shall first be deleted then any new patches to the new lowplug/pin shall be added as follows:

Existing PatchesJ10/A to J20/AJ10/A to J30/AJ10/A to J40/A

where the new low plug/pin J05/A is to replace J10/A, therefore:

Delete: J10/A to J20/AJ10/A to J30/AJ10/A to J40/A


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Add: J05/A to J20/AJ05/A to J30/AJ05/A to J40/A

3 Not patching to the lowest plug/pin in an EO will result in a "duplicateplugs" error from WILMA and the EO will not be processed as follows:

Existing PatchesJ10/A to J20/AJ10/A to J30/AJ10/A to J40/AIncorrect: Add: J05/A to J30/A

J20/A to J20/BCorrect: Delete: J10/A to J30/A

Add: J05/A to J30/AJ10/A to J20/B

Existing Patches After ChangeJ10/A to J20/AJ05/A to J30/AJ10/A to J40/AJ10/A to J20/B

4.38.3 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS. The WILMA listing program requires special handlingand specific input requirements to function smoothly and efficiently. The following is providedso the user can understand WILMA's limitations as well as its capabilities.

a. Input.

(1) Forms. All inputs should be on the applicable KSC load forms.

(2) Data. Only forward patch data shall be loaded. Reverse patch data will be re-jected as error data in the validation program. Only the lowest-to-highest pinpatches will be recognized as legal.

(3) EO Sequence. When revisions are required, a corresponding EO number and re-vision letter are automatically recorded to keep the WILMA master file data andthe released EO data in parallel (e.g., EO 1 and revision A, EO 2 and revision B,and EO 3 and revision C, etc.). WILMA incorporates every EO into the mastertape wire list when it is loaded.

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b. Output.

(1) Listings. When a new patch list is loaded into the WILMA file, a copy of the list-ing is generated for release. A listing needed at a later date shall be the latest revi-sion in the WILMA file. The originator can request this listing. No previous list-ings are available to the originator from WILMA. If a past listing is needed, acopy of the original listing and all EO's must be obtained from EDC.

(2) EO Listing. A copy of an EO listing is generated at the time the WILMA masterfile is loaded. No extra EO listing may be generated at a later date from WILMA.Extra copies of EO's must be requested from EDC after release.

(3) Magnetic Tape. A magnetic tape is generated when a new wire list is loaded. Itshows all forward patches, reverse patches, and spare pins. When an EO isloaded, a magnetic tape of revisions is created.

4.39 SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT DOCUMENTATION LIST

A system/equipment documentation list is an indentured listing of all the technical documenta-tion related to KSC systems, facilities, and equipment as defined by the operation and mainte-nance documentation (OMD) baseline document, 79K09579.

4.39.1 APPLICATION. The system/equipment documentation list shall be applicable to allKSC facilities, systems, and equipment.

4.39.2 REQUIREMENTS. A system/equipment documentation list shall be prepared utilizingKSC Form 21-343. (See figure 4-29.) Indenturing for this list corresponds to the next lower as-semblies. An A-size format cover sheet shall be used for approval purposes.

4.40 INDEX LIST

An index list is a tabulation of lists applicable to an end item or to the complete system to whichthe list applies. An index list is maintained documentation.

4.40.1 APPLICATION. An index list shall be applicable to all ground support equipment.

4.40.2 REQUIREMENTS. An index list shall tabulate all data lists applicable to an end item orall index lists of the subordinate end items for a complete system. An index list is not required ifthere is only one data list for the complete end item or if the top data list includes all applicabledata lists.


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4.41 ELECTRICAL POWER RISER DIAGRAM

Electrical ac power riser diagrams represent multiconductor power circuits as a single line. Thevarious devices in the circuit (such as transformers, motor starters, switches) and the connectedloads are shown in simplified schematic form. This diagram locates power equipment and loadswithin a structure. Each ac power panel shall have a panel schedule, which is to be a part of thedrawing.

4.41.1 APPLICATION. Electrical power riser diagrams are applicable to service voltage acpower distribution systems in all buildings and structures.

4.41.2 REQUIREMENTS. The following requirements shall be applicable for the preparationof an electrical power riser diagram.

a. The orientation of an electrical power riser diagram shall be in elevation, rather thanplan, to show interconnecting vertical runs.

b. Distribution power panelboards and control centers shall be shown in three-line dia-gram form to show all conductors, buses, circuit breakers, fuses, contactors, relays,etc., individually. Wire numbers and terminators shall be identified. All spare break-ers and unused spaces shall be shown.

c. All circuits, protective devices, switch devices, panelboards, controllers, etc., shall beidentified by reference designators.

d. Each breaker and fuse shall be identified and noted with its rating and capacity, such asbreaker frame size and type.

e. Each panel, controller, or assembly shall be identified and noted with its rating, de-scription, and location.

f. The operational and maintenance interfaces between the system and other support andservices systems shall be shown.

g. Each power panel shall have a panel schedule, which is to be a part of the drawing(e.g., general-purpose lighting panels).

4.42 ELECTRICAL PANEL SCHEDULE

An electrical panel schedule is a tabulated drawing of the internal configuration of an alternatingcurrent power panel.

4.42.1 APPLICATION. Electrical panel schedules shall be applicable to all 60-hertz facilitypower systems.


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4.42.2 REQUIREMENTS. A panel schedule shall be a part of the single-line power riser dia-gram. The panel schedule shall contain the panel location and its identification, the type ofpanel, associated circuit breakers, panel capacity and feeder source, breaker trip settings with theloads being supplied, spare breakers, and empty spares.

4.43 SYSTEM MECHANICAL SCHEMATIC/ELECTROMECHANICAL CONTROLDIAGRAM (SMS/EMCD)

Generally, ground support equipment or a system will have either a system mechanical schematic(SMS) or an electromechanical control diagram (EMCD). When both an SMS and an EMCD arerequired, these drawings shall be combined into a single SMS/EMCD drawing.

An SMS is a purely mechanical drawing with no electrical references shown. An SMS shows allmechanical and electromechanical components (both active and passive) that make up the pipingsystem involved. Offline components (e.g., solenoid valves, controllers, etc.) are shown withinthe outline of the cabinet or container and are restricted to an area or location.

An EMCD shows mechanical and electromechanical components with electrical interfaces de-fined. Many passive components (e.g., flex lines, hoses, nonflow hand valves, test and calibra-tion parts, etc.) may be omitted. All components are shown relative to flow or position as relatedto functional use. Offline components are not restricted to the cabinet or container outline andarea or location.

An SMS/EMCD is an SMS with the electrical interfaces defined. An SMS/EMCD specifies thepoint-to-point connections of mechanical components and the electrical interface. Measurementnumbers are indicated for all Launch Processing System (LPS) functions.

4.43.1 DEFINITIONS.

a. Dedicated Element or Assembly. A dedicated element or assembly is the lowest ele-ment or assembly to be defined on system mechanical schematics and electromechani-cal control diagrams. These items are essential to the function, flow, and operation ofthe system and are identified by part number, find number, and/or reference designatornumbers in accordance with this manual.

b. Electromechanical Control Diagram (EMCD). An electromechanical control diagramspecifies the point-to-point connections of mechanical components. Passive mechani-cal components may be omitted to improve clarity of the drawing. The electrical inter-face with mechanical components shall be specified. Measurement numbers shall beindicated for all LPS functions.

c. System Mechanical Schematic (SMS). A system mechanical schematic specifies thepoint-to-point connections of mechanical components. The SMS shall contain bothactive and passive mechanical components.

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d. Interface Element or Assembly. An interface element or assembly is an element notdedicated to the system but one that interfaces with the system.

4.43.2 APPLICATION. A system mechanical schematic and an electromechanical control dia-gram shall be used primarily in system operations, maintenance, troubleshooting, training, proce-dure development, software development, and configuration management. (See figure 4-30.)

4.43.3 REQUIREMENTS.

a. System Mechanical Schematic. A system mechanical schematic shall be used for andin preparation of operation and maintenance documentation (OMD) and for prelimi-nary design reviews and critical design reviews. The following requirements shall beapplicable in the preparation of system mechanical schematics:

(1) The systems shall be laid out from left to right as much as possible (e.g., the stor-age area on the left and the vehicle on the right).

(2) The fluid flow shall be horizontal as much as possible (e.g., the supply to the rightand the return to the left).

(3) Dedicated mechanical elements shall be shown solid.

(4) Interfacing elements shall be dashed boxes. If possible, interfacing system blockdiagrams shall be referenced and program and KSC level (Level II and III) inter-face control documents shall be referenced at the interface line.

(5) Secondary fluid flow direction shall be indicated by arrows, unfilled for gas( ), and filled for liquid ( ).

(6) Main fluid flows may be heavy lines with interior arrows spaced periodicallyalong the pipe, unfilled for gas ( ) and filled for liquid( ).

(7) The program model number, element title, and find numbers shall be identified asapplicable.

(8) Location of mechanical elements shall be defined (e.g., OPF, MLP, etc.).

(9) The tide block shall indicate the operation area and system depicted.

(10) General notes shall be placed in the upper right side.


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(11) All mechanical components (active or passive) shall be shown.

(12) The drawing shall be structured to place system components in the same relativelocation as the actual equipment to the maximum degree possible.

(13) Where possible, all system components shall be shown on the primary sheet andarranged by panels or elements (end items). Where space prohibits, the main flowelements shall be on the primary sheet and the supporting elements shall be placedon a secondary sheet and "balled out" to the primary sheet.

(14) At interfaces with other systems, the first active component shall be shown, andthe interfacing document shall be referenced.

(15) Interfaces with flight element hardware shall reference the ICD line number. Ap-plicable ICD drawing numbers shall be noted near the title block.

b. Electromechanical Control Diagram. When required for the development of software,an electromechanical control diagram shall be developed from the system mechanicalschematic. The electromechanical control diagram shall have a different drawingnumber than the system mechanical schematic and shall be prepared in accordancewith the system mechanical schematic requirements. The following requirements shallalso apply.

(1) Passive components may be omitted to improve drawing clarity (e.g., filters, handvalves, etc.).

(2) All main flow components and associated operators shall be shown on the primarysheet.

(3) The active parts of the elements (end items) used to operate the basic system shallbe shown.

(4) Secondary sheets shall be used to show the functional components supporting themain flow (e.g., gases, power, etc.). Two secondary sheets are generally required– one for electrical subsystems and one for mechanical subsystems.

(5) Measurement numbers shall be indicated for all LPS functions. Where spacepermits, numbers shall be defined in boxes adjacent to the component. Wherespace does not permit, the measurement box shall be remotely located and con-nected to the component via a dashed line. Where applicable, a table/matrix maybe used. Table references shall be depicted close to the components.

(6) The electrical interface with mechanical components shall be shown.


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c. System Mechanical Schematic/Electromechanical Control Diagram . When requiredfor development of software, the SMS/EMCD shall be prepared in accordance with therequirements for a system mechanical schematic. The following requirements shallalso apply:

(1) Measurement numbers shall be indicated for all LPS functions. Where spacepermits, numbers shall be defined in boxes adjacent to the component. Wherespace does not permit, the measurement box shall be remotely located and con-nected to the component via a dashed line. Where applicable, a table/matrix maybe used. Table references shall be depicted close to the components.

(2) The electrical interface with mechanical components shall be shown.

(3) All drawings may be on J-size format and shall be legible when reduced to B-size.

(4) Lettering templates and/or other mechanical devices shall be used for all drawingtext. Lettering in the field of the drawing shall be uppercase Gothic and 5 mm(3/16 inch) high for headings (e.g., legends, general notes, abbreviations, etc.),uppercase and 4-mm- (5/32-inch-) high Gothic for general text. In all cases, letter-ing shall be large enough to permit reduction from J-size to B-size without loss ofreadability.

(5) Graphic symbols shall be in accordance with KSC-STD-152-2. Special symbolsmay be added to the legend as required. Solid lines shall always denote elementsor assemblies that are part of the system defined by the OMD baseline document,79K09579. Dashed lines shall always denote other elements or assemblies thatare not part of the system defined by the SMS/EMCD. Phantom lines shall al-ways denote segregation of areas or location (e.g., rooms, Mobile Launcher Plat-form/pad, Mobile Launcher Platform/Vehicle Assembly Building); this line shallnot be used to separate elements or assemblies unless the elements or assembliesare in different areas or locations.

d. Drawing Maintenance. An SMS/EMCD shall depict the designed configuration. AnEO against the SMS/EMCD, SMS, or EMCD shall be generated and submitted witheach design package if appropriate. Outstanding SMS, EMCD, and SMS/EMCD EO'sshall be incorporated into the next revision in accordance with this manual.

4.44 STANDARD INTERFACE DOCUMENT (SID)

A standard interface document is an engineering drawing that defines ground support equipmentand facility system interfaces available to flight vehicle and payload users within a facility. (Seefigure 4-31.)

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4.44.1 APPLICATION. A standard interface document shall be applicable to those facilitiesthat process vehicle flight hardware and contain ground support equipment and facility systemsthat provide fluid servicing, electrical checkout, and handling capabilities to the flight and pay-load hardware.

4.44.2 REQUIREMENTS. The standard interface document shall be divided into the followingsections:

a. General Layout and Information. The general layout and information section shallcontain a title or cover sheet, an index sheet, abbreviations/acronyms, legend and gen-eral notes, a site plan, and a general orientation plan and elevations.

b. Area Layout. The area layout section shall contain plans and elevations of specific ar-eas of the facility and locate ground support equipment and facility system interfaces.The following types of interfaces shall be shown: ac power receptacles, groundingplates, payload ground support equipment interface panel details, fluid panel locationsand connection details, and hoist/crane capabilities.

c. System and Services. The system and services section shall contain detailed specifica-tions, schematics, diagrams, and ground support equipment characteristics necessary toadequately describe the interfaces.

d. Interface Tables. The system and services section shall contain a tabular listing of allground support equipment and facility system interfaces within the facility. Detailedcharacteristics shall be listed with each interface (e.g., interface symbol, interface iden-tification, equipment function, media, pressure, flow rate, temperature, volts, phase,circuit breaker ratings, frequency, etc.)

4.45 HARDWARE INTERFACE MODULE (HIM) CONFIGURATION DOCUMENT (HCD)

An HCD is a computer listing that reflects the configuration of a particular Launch ProcessingSystem hardware interface module. (See figure 4-32.)

4.45.1 APPLICATION. An HCD shall be applicable to each system that is controlled or moni-tored through a Launch Processing System hardware interface module.

4.45.2 REQUIREMENTS. An HCD shall be generated and modified by the HIM ConfigurationDocument System (HCDS), an inactive software set residing in the LPS Central Data System(CDS). The detailed requirements for preparation, format, and modification of an HCD shall bein accordance with DL-NED No. 009.

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4.46 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONSDOCUMENT (OMRSD)

An OMRSD is a document that defines the operations and maintenance requirements that areimposed on systems and equipment by the design or development organization.

4.46.1 APPLICATION. An OMRSD shall be applicable to each GSE system where operationand maintenance requirements are necessary.

4.46.2 REQUIREMENTS. An OMRSD shall include the scope of the document and shall iden-tify the OMD baseline number, program model number, and the system documentation list. TheOMRSD shall contain the general requirements, notes (when used), a list of reference docu-ments, and any definitions (if applicable). The individual OMRSD requirements shall be num-bered and listed on KSC Form 21-374 (figure 4-33). KSC Form 1-7 shall be used as theOMRSD cover sheet and KSC Form 21-2D (figure 4-34) shall be used for other text.


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SECTION V

DRAWING TITLES AND ITEM NOMENCLATURE

5.1 GENERAL

The titles of drawings and the nomenclature for parts and materials detailed on drawings shall bein accordance with the requirements herein. The drawing title and the item nomenclature shallbe clearly identified in order to distinguish them from similar drawings, parts, or items. Itemnomenclature should be brief and simple yet complete enough to adequately describe the hard-ware.

5.2 REQUIREMENTS

Drawing titles and item nomenclature shall be in all capital letters. A drawing title or item no-menclature shall consist of two parts as described by the following paragraphs. The overalldrawing title shall be the same on all sheets of the drawing.

5.2.1 FIRST PART. The first part of the drawing title shall consist of a basic name and modifi-ers, as required.

5.2.1.1 Basic Name. The basic name shall be a noun or noun phrase. This identifying noun ornoun phrase shall establish the basic concept of an item.

Examples: CABINETPUMPPUMP ASSEMBLYVALVE

5.2.1.2 Modifiers. A modifier shall be separated from the basic name by a comma and from anypreceding modifier by a comma. A modifier may be a single word or a modifying phrase. Thefirst modifier shall serve to narrow the area of concept established by the basic name; succeedingmodifiers shall continue a narrowing of item concept by expressing a different type of character-istic. A word directly qualifying a modifying word shall precede the word it qualifies, therebyforming a modifying phrase; for example, ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT. The word ELECTRI-CAL qualifies the word EQUIPMENT and precedes it in the modifying phrase.

Examples: CABINET, ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTPUMP, LOX TRANSFERPANEL ASSEMBLY, LOX CONTROLVALVE, BUTTERFLY

5.2.2 SECOND PART. The second part of the drawing title shall be separated from the firstpart by a comma and shall be the second line of the title. The second part shall consist of


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additional modifiers or modifying phrases as required to complete the identification of an itemand distinguish it from similar items that perform the same general functions; for example, modi-fiers indicating method of operation, pertinent dimensions or size, function, rating, location, etc.

Examples: CABINET, ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT,FUEL TRANSFER

PUMP, LOX TRANSFER,1000 GPM

5.3 RULES

The following general rules apply to all drawing titles and item nomenclature:

a. No abbreviation of any portion of the name (first part) shall be made, except thosenecessarily used trademarked names (see step d) and the words ASSEMBLY (ASSY),SUBASSEMBLY (SUBASSY), or INSTALLATION (INSTL).

b. Abbreviations may be used in the second part of the nomenclature; however, they shallconform to the requirements in volume I, section II. In general, the use of abbrevia-tions should be avoided.

c. An ambiguous noun or one that designates several classes of items shall not be usedalone but shall be used as part of a noun phrase.

Examples Correct Incorrect

JUNCTION BOX BOX, JUNCTIONSOLDERING IRON IRON, SOLDERINGHEATING ELEMENT ELEMENT, HEATINGANTISEIZE COMPOUND COMPOUND, ANTISEIZE

d. A trademarked or copyrighted name shall not be used as the noun or noun phrase,unless the technical name is extremely difficult or no other name is available.


FREON 12 DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE

e. When an item is neither a container nor a material but its name involves the use of anoun that ordinarily designates a container or a material, a noun phrase shall be used asthe basic name.

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JUNCTION BOX BOX, JUNCTIONCABLE DRUM DRUM, CABLESOLDERING IRON IRON, SOLDERING

f. The following words shall not be used alone but may form a part of a noun phrase:

acid machineapparatus mechanismassembly mixassortment mixtureattachment oilcompound outfitdevice plantelement powderequipment shopfluid subassemblygroup tackleinstrument toolkit unitliquid vehicle

Examples: TOOL KITMACHINE SHOP

g. The conjunction "or" and the preposition "for" shall not be used.

h. Parentheses shall not be used to enclose any portion of the drawing title or item no-menclature.

i. The basic name shall describe the item and not the material or method of fabrication.A basic name such as "casting," "forging," "weldment," etc., shall not be used. In lieuof such a name, a noun or noun phrase shall be assigned that indicates what the item isor what it does; for example, BRACKET in the item name "SUPPORT BRACKET."

j. A quick-check method to ensure proper item identification is to read the assigned no-menclature backwards from the last modifier to the next modifier to the basic name.


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Example: CABINET, ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT,FUEL TRANSFER

would read

FUEL TRANSFER ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CABINET

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SECTION VI

DRAWING AND PART IDENTIFICATION

6. 1 SCOPE

This section establishes numbering, coding, and identification procedures for engineeringdrawings and documents referenced thereon, and provides guidelines for identification of parts,materials, processes, and treatments and for reference designations specified on engineeringdrawings.

6.2 IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

All engineering drawings shall be assigned identification numbers in conformance with therequirements specified in this section.

6.2.1 COMMERCIAL AND GOVERNMENT ENTITY (CAGE) CODE. All engineeringdrawings shall be identified with the CAGE code of the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC),NASA. This code number is 22264 and shall be entered on the drawing in the drawing formattitle block. (See figure 6-1.)

6.2.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. All documents other than Government or non-Government specifications and standards referenced on drawings shall have a documentidentification number and a CAGE code. These identification numbers shall be placed in aconspicuous location on the drawing. The design organization is responsible for assigning orobtaining document numbers and the CAGE codes for documents used on drawings.

6.2.3 DRAWING NUMBER. A drawing number shall not exceed 15 characters. Thesecharacters include numbers, letters, and dashes, with the following limitations:

a. Numbers shall be Arabic numerals. Fractional, decimal, and Roman numerals shallnot be used.

b. Blank spaces are not permitted.

c. Symbols, such as parentheses (), asterisk *, virgule /, degree °, plus +, and minus –,shall not be used, except when referencing the Government or non-Governmentstandardization document whose identification contains such a symbol.

d. The CAGE code, the letter designating the drawing format size, and the drawingrevision letter are not considered part of the drawing number or part number.


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Figure 6-1. NASA KSC CAGE Code Number on Drawings

e. Vendor/manufacturer drawing numbers are exempt from the provisions of thisparagraph.

A typical example of a drawing number is 79K12345.

6.2.4 RECORDS. Drawing numbers shall be allocated or assigned by the appropriatedocumentation center. The documentation center shall keep a complete and accurate record ofdrawing numbers.

6.2.5 TRANSFERRING DESIGN RESPONSIBILITY TO ANOTHER ORGANIZATION.When the design responsibility for engineering drawings is transferred from one designorganization to another, the drawing number, drawing original, and electronic media, ifapplicable, shall be transferred to the new design organization's documentation center foradministration.

6.3 PART NUMBER

A part number shall not exceed 15 characters. This number shall be or shall include the drawingnumber of the engineering drawing on which the item is described. Where items are describedon a tabulated or multi-detail drawing, a unique identification shall be provided by the additionof a suffixed dash number, with the following limitations:

a. The total length of the part number, including the dash number, shall not exceed 15characters.

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b. The dash number shall have the same characteristics as drawing numbers and shall becomposed of numbers, letters, or any combination thereof.

c. Suffixed numbers may also be used where only one item is described on a drawing onits initial release.

d. Part numbers shall not include the drawing revision letter or the drawing size.

e. Part numbers shall not be specified on documents that do not define an item. Thesedocuments include:

(1) Schematics (electrical/mechanical)

(2) Wiring diagrams

(3) Logic diagrams

(4) Block diagrams

(5 Interface drawings

(6) Installation drawings

(7) Elevation drawings

(8) Connection diagrams

(9) Printed-wiring master pattern drawings

Typical examples of a part number are 79K12345-1, 79K12345-2, and 79K12345-LBV4.

6.3.1 ITEM IDENTIFICATION AND PART NUMBER. Each item (e.g., detail part, assembly,etc.) shall be identified as follows:

a. An item covered by an approved standard and used without alteration shall beidentified by the standard part number (such as an MS number for Military Sheet formstandards).

b. An item covered by an approved Government specification containing a partidentification system and used without alteration shall be identified by thatspecification identification for the item.

c. All other items shall be identified by a CAGE code and part number on the drawing.


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d. Design organizations using items other than their own design without alteration shallidentify such items by the original design part number.

e. Items referenced above that are altered shall be identified by a part number establishedby the design drawing, which depicts requirements for such alterations. The designdrawing shall contain the original item identification part number that was applicableprior to the alteration.

6.3.2 REIDENTIFICATION. When items are identified by more than 15 characters or do notmeet the other requirements of this section and a design organization has no control over thisassignment, the design organization shall not assign a design control number to the item in orderto meet the identification requirements of this section.

6.3.3 IDENTIFICATION ON DRAWINGS. Items shall be identified on the field of thedrawing by find numbers cross-referenced to the identifying part numbers appearing on the partslist; on a monodetail drawing, the item does not need to be identified on the field of the drawing.When several items are detailed on a single drawing, such as a tabulated, multidetail, or detailassembly or installation drawing, each item shall be assigned a separate identification inaccordance with this section. The complete part number shall be shown on drawings and lists;however, on drawings or lists bearing the same drawing number, the dash number only needs tobe shown (i.e., the basic number does not need to be repeated). Many commercial parts areidentified only by catalog, model, or stock number or by description. Such items may be calledout in the description when the item is used without alteration and when no part number exists.

6.3.4 CAGE CODE AND PART NUMBERS. Part numbers identifying items shall alsoinclude the CAGE code in the parts list, except when the part is a Government standard orspecification item (e.g., KC150K16 or MS9720-6) or is specified in a recognized non-Government standardization document (e.g., ASTM A325M or ASTM A490).

6.3.5 NUMBERING OF RELATED PARTS. Numbers that identify special relationshipsbetween parts shall be assigned as follows:

6.3.5.1 Matched Parts Designation. Parts that must be mated and for which replacement as amatched set or pair is essential shall be assigned a single number to designate each matched setor pair. Component parts detailed on matched set drawings, in lieu of separate detail drawings,shall be identified in accordance with this section.

6.3.5.2 Symmetrically Opposite Parts. Symmetrically opposite parts, when feasible, may bedescribed by showing one of the parts, in which case, they shall be identified by adding a dashnumber after the drawing number (e.g., "79K12345-1 SHOWN" and "79K12345-2 OPPOSITE"shall appear on the drawing; 79K12345 being the basic drawing number). The use of odd dashnumbers for the parts shown and even dash numbers for the opposite parts is preferred. As analternate method, consecutive whole part numbers may be used and so indicated in the title

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block. Truly identical parts that can be "reversed" in any position shall carry only one partnumber.

6.3.5.3 Inseparable Assembly. When two or more pieces are permanently fastened together bywelding, riveting, brazing, cementing, or bonding to form an inseparable assembly, the assemblyshall be assigned an identifying number. The individual pieces may be assigned part numbers asdescribed in this section and called out on the inseparable assembly.

6.3.6 CHANGES REQUIRING NEW IDENTlFICATION. A new drawing number or partnumber as described in this section shall be assigned when a part or assembly is changed in sucha manner that any of the following conditions occur:

a. Performance or durability is affected to such an extent that superseded items must bediscarded for reasons of safety or malfunction.

b. Parts, subassemblies, or complete articles are changed to such an extent that the su-perseded and superseding items are not interchangeable. This condition is not appli-cable for unique items or small quantities where all items are under the direct controlof the original manufacturer, procuring authority, or the sole using organization, andall items are changed prior to being returned or issued to service. In all cases, allitems in service shall be interchangeable.

c. When superseded parts are limited to use in specific articles or models of articles andthe superseding parts are not so limited to use.

d. When interchangeable, repairable assemblies contain a noninterchangeable part, thepart number reidentification of the noninterchangeable part, its next assembly, and allthe progressively higher assemblies shall be changed up to and including the assemblywhere interchangeability is reestablished.

e. When an item is changed in such a way that it necessitates a corresponding change toan operational, self-test, or maintenance test computer program, the part numberidentification of the item, its next assembly, and all progressively higher assembliesshall be changed up to and including the assembly in which computer programs areaffected.

6.3.7 CHANGES NOT REQUIRING NEW IDENTIFICATION. When a part or assembly ischanged in such a manner that the conditions described in 6.3.6 do not occur, the part numbershall not be changed. Under no condition shall the number be changed only because a newapplication is found for an existing part. When an item has been furnished to the Government,the applicable part number shall not be changed unless conditions in 6.3.6 apply. However,when a design organization desires to create a tabulated listing or a standard because of amultiple application of an item, the forgoing need not apply. The superseded drawing willidentify the document that superseded it.


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6.4 IDENTIFICATION OF MATERIALS, PROCESSES, AND PROTECTIVE TREATMENT

Materials, processes, and protective treatment necessary to meet the design requirements of anitem shall be identified on the drawing or parts list by reference to applicable specifications orstandards. The applicable type, grade, class, condition, etc., shall be indicated. The revision oramendment symbol of the specification or standard need not be shown. Additional reference toother equivalent specifications is permitted.

6.4.1 GROUP IDENTIFICATION. Group identification involves several differentspecifications or standards. These specifications and standards may be grouped into a singledocument that shall be referenced on the applicable drawings or lists of parts by the singledocument identification. This document shall be part of the set of drawings. Where severalprocesses or protective treatments are involved and a sequence is necessary to meet designrequirements, they shall be shown in the order of sequence and be so noted.

6.4.2 OTHER IDENTIFICATION. When materials, processes, and protective treatments areused that cannot be identified adequately in accordance with this section, the drawing or list ofparts shall provide additional information for complete identification including the following:

a. Trade names or commercial designations

b. Names and addresses of the producers of the materials or their CAGE codes

c. Chemical composition (where applicable)

d. Physical and mechanical properties in sufficient detail to disclose strength and safetycharacteristics when required by the design

e. Dielectric properties for electrical insulating materials

6.4.3 FORMULATION IDENTIFICATION. Formulation (chemical constituents of explosives,propellants, pyrotechnics, fillers, etc.) shall be considered and treated as a part and identified inaccordance with this section.

6.4.4 BULK MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION. Bulk materials shall be identified inaccordance with this section. Where practicable, the quantity or measurement of material shallbe included. Separate engineering drawings shall not be prepared for specific quantities of bulkmaterial. When a discrete quantity cannot be identified for an item, use "AR" (as required) in theparts list.

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6.5 INTERFACE CONTROL lDENTIFICATION

Drawings that contain features controlled by interface control documents (ICD's) shall beidentified with a note specifying the ICD number. Individual features may be identified with aflag note only when special emphasis is necessary.

6.6 REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS

Electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical assemblies, units, or components shall be assignedreference designations in accordance with this section. Reference designations shall be of twotypes: (1) mechanical find number and (2) electrical reference designator.

6.6.1 MECHANICAL FIND NUMBER. Mechanical find numbers shall be assigned to allmechanical and electromechanical components shown on ground support equipment (GSE)drawings. Mechanical find numbers identifying identical functions in more than one operationallocation (e.g., MLP 1, MLP 2, MLP 3, or Pad A, Pad B) shall be identified by the same number.When equipment is moved from one operational area to another, the following guidelines shallapply to renumbering of mechanical find numbers:

a. If the number borne by the moved equipment does not duplicate numbers at thereceiving complex, the existing number assignment shall be retained.

b. If the moved equipment number duplicates that of existing equipment, a new numbershall be assigned and the equipment re-marked accordingly.

c. If the moved equipment is to be used on a temporary basis and is to be returned to itsoriginal complex, renumbering and re-marking shall be avoided if possible.Temporary identification tags may be used if new number assignment is necessary.

6.6.1.1 Records. Mechanical find numbers shall be allocated or assigned by the appropriatedocumentation center. The documentation center shall keep a complete and accurate record ofmechanical find numbers.

6.6.1.2 Find Number and Use. The mechanical find number shall consist of the letter Afollowed by a multidigit number (e.g., A104416, A4455, A6603, etc.). The mechanical findnumber shall be shown adjacent to the item or component callouts in the field of the drawing onassembly or installation drawings and adjacent to the item or component symbol on a diagram orschematic. When used on drawings in conjunction with electrical reference designators, themechanical find number shall be enclosed in a "race track" approximately 6 mm (1/4 inch) high(e.g., A2050).

6.6.2 ELECTRICAL REFERENCE DESIGNATOR. Electrical reference designators shall beassigned to all electrical and electromechanical units, assemblies, subassemblies, and compo-nents of a GSE electrical system in accordance with MSFC-STD-349. Electrical reference


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designators identifying identical functions in more than one operational location (e.g., MLP 1,MLP 2, MLP 3, or Pad A, Pad B) shall be identified by the same number. In some cases,suffixes may be used to define a specific unit, assembly, subassembly, or component in one oftwo or more areas.

6.6.2.1 Records. Electrical reference designator numbers shall be assigned by the SpaceportEngineering and Technology Directorate (YA), GSE Electrical Design Branch. The YA GSEElectrical Design Branch shall keep a complete and accurate record of electrical referencedesignator numbers.

6.6.2.2 Electrical Reference Designator Number. Electrical reference designator numbers shallconsist of a sequentially assigned unit number, which shall be assigned to a unit within anoperational area, and may be followed by an alphanumerical suffix (e.g., 6000, 6673, etc.).Assemblies or subassemblies within a unit shall be identified by a suffix letter A and number(e.g., 6000A1, 6431A4). (See figure 6-2.) Wiring harness or cable assemblies associated with aunit shall be identified by a suffix letter W. A bulkhead plate within a unit shall be identified bya suffix letter B. (See MSFC-STD-349 for additional hardware identifiers.) This method ofdesignation may be expanded as required to permit identification of all components within a unit(e.g., 6503B0lW41, etc.). (See figure 6-3.)

6.6.2.3 Electrical Reference Designator Use. The electrical reference designator shall be shownwithin or adjacent to the unit, assembly, subassembly, or component callouts in the field of thedrawing for fabrication, modification, assembly, or installation and within or adjacent to the itemor component symbol on a diagram or schematic. (See figure 6-3.) When used on drawings inconjunction with mechanical find numbers, the electrical reference designator number shall beenclosed within a rectangular block approximately 6 mm (1/4 inch) high (i.e., 6600A1 ). (Seefigure 6-3.) Numbers within a unit shall be assigned by the responsible design organization. Theentire reference designator number may be abbreviated for subassemblies or components whenclarity is not lost. (See figure 6-2.)

6.6.2.4 Cable Assemblies. Electrical cable assemblies shall be identified by a unit number, asuffix letter W, and a number that identifies the specific cable. Cables that connect two unitsshall be assigned the lower number of the two units. Cables that connect assemblies within aunit shall be assigned the number of the unit. Cables that connect subassemblies within anassembly shall be assigned the number of the assembly (e.g., 6674W15, 6502A7W1, etc.). It ispreferred that the W number be designated the same as the connecting jack number, however,this is not mandatory. The method used to assign the suffix number following the W shall bedetermined by the responsible design organization.

The following guidelines shall apply to the identification of cable ends:

a. Each end of a cable assembly or cable harness shall be identified with a suffix letter Pfollowing the cable alphanumerical suffix and a sequence number following the P(e.g., 6673W11P1, 6673W11P2).

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Figure 6-2. Electrical Reference Designation for Assemblies and Subassemblies


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b. The end of the cable assembly that connects to the unit with the lowest electricalreference designator number shall be designated P1. The unit with the next higherelectrical reference designator number shall be designated P2, etc. (See figure 6-4.) Forexample, the plug at the J17 end of a cable connecting 5107J17 to 9601J1 shall bedesignated P1 (e.g., 5107W17P1). The plug at the J1 end of the same cable would be P2(e.g., 5107W17P2).

6.6.2.5 Buses. Bus numbering begins with the power supply bus by assigning an even 100number. Each time a switchable circuit is passed through, a higher number is assigned within thesame 100-number block. Buses shall be treated as special subassemblies. Each bus shall beassigned a reference designation that consists of the number of the unit where the bus originates;the letter D identifies the particular bus connection. A bus may be found in several areas of asystem, yet shall continue to retain the reference designation of the unit from which it originates.(See figure 6-5.)


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Figure 6-4. Example of Electrical Reference Designators on an Electrical Schematic

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Figure 6-5. Bus Designators

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SECTION VII

DRAWING NOTES

7.1 GENERAL

This section establishes the requirements for the preparation and use of notes and brief descrip-tions of various conditions, with suggested drawings notes to be used on KSC engineering draw-ings.

7.2 DRAWING NOTE TYPES

Three types of notes shall be used on drawings: (1) general notes, (2) specific notes, and (3) flagnotes. General notes contain information that applies to the whole drawing in general. Specificnotes shall be used when referring to parts or details on a specific sheet of the drawing. Flagnotes shall be used to note information that pertains to a particular item or circumstance. Alldrawing notes must be clear and specific to avoid misinterpretation. A description of the types ofnotes and their usage is given in the following paragraphs. Note lettering and spacing guidelinesare described in section II (table 2-1).

7.2.1 GENERAL NOTES. General notes are all notes that apply to the entire drawing. Allgeneral notes shall be numbered in numerical sequence. A list of all general notes shall be lo-cated in the front of the drawing using the format shown in figure 7-1. When a note contains in-formation pertaining to a particular item or circumstance that occurs several times throughout theentire drawing, the note shall be added to the list of general notes and the note number placedwithin a flag. The corresponding note number shall then be placed within a flag in the applicablefield of the drawing (see 7.2.3).

Figure 7-1. Format for List of General Notes


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7.2.2 SPECIFIC NOTES. Specific notes shall only be used when they refer to parts or detailson a specific sheet of a drawing. Uppercase letters (with the exception of the letters I, O, Q, S, X,and Z, which shall not be used) shall be used to designate specific notes. All specific notes usedshall be on the sheet of the drawing to which they apply and shall be listed in alphabetical order.When a note contains information pertaining to a particular item or circumstance that occurs on asheet, the note shall be added to the specific notes and the note letter placed within a flag. (Seefigure 7-2.) The corresponding letter shall then be placed within a flag in the applicable field ofthe drawing.

Figure 7-2. Format for List of Specific Notes

7.2.3 FLAG NOTES. When the information in a note pertains to a particular item or circum-stance, the applicable note number or letter shall be placed within a triangular flag in the field ofthe drawing and in the applicable list of notes as described in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2. When a flag isused, it shall be constructed as shown in figure 7-3.

Figure 7-3. Flag Note Size

7.3 LANGUAGE STYLE

The primary consideration on a drawing is its technical essence, presented in language free ofvague and ambiguous terms, using the simplest words and phrases that will convey the intendedmeaning. Inclusion of essential information shall be complete, whether by direct statements orreference to other documents. Consistency in terminology and organization of material will con-tribute to the drawing's clarity and usefulness. Sentences shall be short and concise. Punctuationmust aid in reading and prevent misreading. Well-planned word order requires a minimum ofpunctuation. When extensive punctuation is necessary for clarity, the sentence(s) shall be

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rewritten. Sentences with compound clauses shall be converted into short and concise separatesentences.

7.4 COMMONLY USED WORDS AND PHRASES

Certain words and phrases are frequently used on a drawing. The following rules shall be ap-plied:

a. Reference documents shall be cited as follows:

(1) "conforming to. . ."

(2) "as specified in. . ."

(3) "in accordance with. . ."

In any case, use the same wording throughout the drawing.

b. "Unless otherwise specified" shall be used to indicate an alternative course of action.The phrase shall always come at the beginning of the sentence, and, if possible, at thebeginning of the note. This phrase shall be used only when it is possible to clarify itsmeaning by providing a reference such as another requirement or document.

7.5 USE OF "SHALL," "WILL," "SHOULD," AND "MAY "

a "Shall," the emphatic form of the verb, shall be used whenever a requirement is in-tended to express a provision that is binding.

b. "Will" may be used to express a declaration of purpose on the part of the Governmentand is used where simple futurity is required for a provision that will be binding.

c. Use "should" and "may" whenever it is necessary to express nonmandatory provisions."Should" expresses a strong recommendation and "may" expresses allowance for aprovision.

7.6 INDEFINITE TERMS

The terms "and/or," "etc.," "e.g.," and "i.e." shall not be used. On drawings, definite, precise lan-guage is imperative. Indefinite terms shall not be used.


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7.7 NOTE CONTENTS

Drawing notes are pertinent data given in word form and used to complement the delineation ofother given data. The arrangement of the notes shall not be interpreted as an order of precedenceor sequence in manufacturing, assembly, etc., unless so specified on the drawing. The followingshall be applicable in the preparation/use of notes:

a. General notes shall be numbered consecutively starting with NOTE 1 at the top of thecolumn. Specific notes shall be designated by capital letters and listed alphabeticallyin a separate column starting with NOTE A.

b. Subparagraphs shall be indented and identified by capital letters in alphabetical orderfor general notes and by numbers in numerical order for specific notes.

c. Note form requirements shall supplement depiction on drawings where necessary todefine the required degree of looseness, tightness, rotation, or extent of travel withoutbind under spring action, orientation of parts or slots, etc.

d. Filling in voids (open spaces) to accommodate deletions and additions is not requiredand is not preferred.

e. When a note or flag note is deleted from a drawing, do not delete the identifyingnumber/letter or renumber/alphabetize the notes. Delete the flag if one exists; leavethe number/letter visible to indicate its previous use and potential future use and insert“DELETED” in place of the note. A statement shall be included in the revision blockof the affected sheet indicating the deletion (e.g., NOTE X DELETED).

f. Specifications and standards shall be listed without revision level or date.

g. All specifications and standards to be used on drawings shall be reviewed for cur-rency, adequacy, applicability, limitations, and determination of need. Options forclass, grade, type, form, etc., and any other options required shall be specified.

h. Notes shall not duplicate information specified elsewhere on the drawing.

i. Where two or more statements are being considered for use in a single note, it is usu-ally better to make each statement in a separate note.

j. Information conveyed by notes shall be accurate, complete, and should have only oneinterpretation.

k. Any required processes for an item shall be specified in the general notes. The notemust be complete and define all of the pertinent variables. The flag symbol shall be

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used, if necessary, to reference specific locations or restriction of the process, as re-lated to item configuration.

l. Protective finishes shall be specified in the general notes.

m. Drawings shall contain protective finish requirements consistent with repair part pro-visioning, with application of additional finishes either at subsequent assemblies(next) or at system level (e.g., finish painting or camouflage painting).

n. Torque requirements for threaded fasteners shown on assembly drawings shall bespecified as a general note when necessary.

o. General edge/corner break requirements shall be specified as a general note. Re-quirements for specific feature(s) shall be shown where applicable in the field of thedrawing. If applicable in more than one place, the requirement may be identified withthe flag symbol method and specified in the general notes.

Examples: (In general notes)

"ALL EDGES AND CORNERS SHALL BE FREE FROM BURRS."

"ALL EDGES AND CORNERS SHALL BE BROKEN 0.005 + 0.010."

"ALL EXTERIOR CORNERS SHALL BE BROKEN R 0.02 + 0.02."

"ALL INTERIOR CORNERS AND EDGES SHALL BE R 0.03 + 0.02."

Examples: (In field of drawing)

p. Reference to special drawings or procedures shall be specified as in the following ex-amples:

"FOR SCHEMATIC, SEE DRAWING 79K12345.""FOR PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS, SEE DRAWING 79K12345."

" 0.02 MAX EDGE BREAK"


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q. Special tools shall be cross-referenced on the drawing of the part and assembly towhich the tool applies. Cross-reference shall be by use of a note as in the followingexample:

"FOR SPECIAL TOOL, SEE DRAWING 79K12345 (REF)."

This cross-reference is required to assure consideration of the tool in the event of aproposed change to the part.

r. The note shall contain only references to the units of measure used on the drawing. Ifdual dimensions are used, both types of units shall be shown. For example, when us-ing note (8) from table 7-1, only "millimeter/millimeter" shall be shown for metricdrawings, and "inch/inch" shown for drawings using U.S. Customary units. For dual-dimensioned drawings, "millimeter/millimeter (inch/inch)" shall be written in thenote.

7.8 MATERIAL NOTES

a. Material shall be specified by indicating the basic name, specification, composition,and unified numbering system (UNS) designations (if listed in SAE HS 1086) as areference, (e.g., "STEEL, ASTM A108: CF1211 (REF: UNS G12110")). The condi-tion, temper, class, type, grade, etc., shall be specified for material that requires sub-sequent heat treatment.

SAMPLE NOTES:"STEEL, ASTM A108: CF 1211 THRU 1213 (REF: UNS G12110 THRU G12130)""STEEL, MIL-S-16974: 4340 (REF: UNS G43400)"

b. Material requirements and selection shall be listed as a note.

c. Commercial materials shall be specified on drawings only when Government or in-dustry specifications/standards are not available. The commercial material may bedefined in specifications prepared in accordance with KSC-STD-P-0001, and thatspecification shall be used for material requirements.

d. When an item is a casting, it shall be classified in accordance with SAE AMS-STD-2175. A casting classification note, as in the following example, shall be specified onthe drawing.

"CASTING CLASSIFICATION. SAE AMS-STD-2175; CLASS I, GRADE B.RADIOGRAPHIC POSITION REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE INACCORDANCE WITH DIAGRAM SHOWN."

e. It is recommended that alternative materials also be specified if available.

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7.9 CASTINGS

Use the information contained in table 7-1 in the generation of notes on drawings for castings.

Table 7-1. Castings

Description Drawing Note

(1) Surface finish Unless otherwise specified, all cast surfaces shallhave √ surface finish.

(2) Machining allowance Material for machining shall be provided on sur-faces indicated by finish symbol ( √ ) exceptwhen the finish symbol is qualified by AS CAST.

(3) Maximum draft Maximum draft of (as specified by design) de-grees will be permitted provided it does not de-crease the section below tolerance.

(4) Cast corners Unless otherwise specified, all cast external cor-ners to have (as specified by design) radiusmaximum.

(5) Cast fillets Unless otherwise specified, all cast fillets to have(as specified by design) radius.

(6) Cast walls Unless otherwise specified, all cast walls to be± (as specified by design) thick.

(7) Tolerance, cast angles Unless otherwise specified, all cast angles to be(as specified by design) degrees.

(8) Tolerance, casting linear dimensions

For combined machining and castingdrawings where superimposeddimensions are shown.

Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance on cast-ing dimensions shall be ± (as specified by design)millimeter/millimeter (inch/inch) or ± (as speci-fied by design), whichever is greater. Where amachining dimension also defines a casting di-mension, the above tolerance applies to the meandimension. On an unspecified dimension be-tween two cast features, the above tolerance ap-plies to the calculated mean dimension.


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Table 7-1. Castings (cont)


(9) Tolerance, casting linear dimensions

For separate raw casting drawings

Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance on cast-ing dimensions shall be ± (as specified by design)millimeter/millimeter (inch/inch) or ± (as speci-fied by design), whichever is greater. On an un-specified dimension between two cast features,the above tolerance applies to the calculated meandimension.

(10) A six-point tooling system is usedfor all dimensions

Datum planes shall be defined with respect to sixtooling points identified on the drawing. Toolingpoints, etc., are the planned points on surfacesfrom which all other points on surfaces are to bechecked and machining operations started. Alldimensions are with respect to the identified da-tum planes.

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7.10 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC

Use the information contained in table 7-2 in the generation of notes on drawings for electricaland electronic equipment.

Table 7-2. Electrical and Electronic


(1) Fabrication Unless otherwise specified, fabrication of elec-trical ground support equipment shall be in accor-dance with KSC-E-165.

(2) Wiring diagram reference

Referenced on schematics andassembly drawings.

For wiring diagram, see drawing .

(3) Schematic reference

Referenced on wiring diagrams andassembly drawings.

For schematic diagram, see drawing .

(4) Wiring harness reference

Referenced on wiring diagram.

For wiring harness, see drawing .

(5) Schematic note

Used on schematics instead ofrepeating the symbols (Ω) and µF.

Unless otherwise specified, resistance is inohms; capacitance is in microfarads.

(6) Reference designation marking

For use on electrical assembliesrequiring reference designationmarkings.

Ink stamp reference designation approximatelywhere shown with 3-millimeter-(1/8-inch-) highletters using A-A-56032 black ink.

(7) Partial reference designation

For use when partial referencedesignations are shown on diagramsand electrical assemblies.

Partial reference designation is shown; for com-plete designation, prefix with unit number andassembly designations.


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7.11 FINISHES, APPLIED

Use the information contained in table 7-3 in the generation of notes on drawings for applied fin-ishes.

Table 7-3. Finishes, Applied (cont)


(1) Anodic finish (Sulfuric acid)

For maximum resistance to abrasionon aluminum alloys where dimensionaltolerances are ±0.008 millimeter (±0.0003inch) or more. Do not use for fabricated,spot- welded, or riveted assemblies andparts with nonaluminum cast inserts.

Finish anodic (sulfuric acid) in accordance withMIL-A-8625, Type II all over, except anodic maybe omitted from tapped holes.

(2) Anodic finish (chromic acid)

For aluminum alloy parts with di-mensional tolerances less than±0.008 millimeter (±0.0003 inch).This finish may be used for fabri-cated, spot-welded, or riveted as-semblies.

Do not use for parts with non-aluminum cast inserts. This finishshall not be applied to alloys withnominal copper content in excess of5.0 percent or when the total contentof the alloying elements exceeds 7.5percent.

Finish anodic (chromic acid) in accordance withMIL-A-8625, Type I all over, except anodic maybe omitted from tapped holes.

(3) Anodic finish dyed (sulfuric) acid

For maximum resistance to abrasionon aluminum alloys wheredimensional tolerances are±0.008 millimeter (±0.0003 inch)

Finish anodic (sulfuric acid) in accordance withMIL-A-8625, Type II dyed (specified color num-ber) all over, except anodic may be omitted fromtapped holes.

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or more. Do not use for fabricated,spot-welded, or riveted assembliesand parts with nonaluminum castinserts.

(4) Anodic finish dyed (chromic acid)

For aluminum alloy parts with di-mensional tolerances of less than±0.008 millimeter (±0.0003 inch).This finish may be used for fabri-cated, spot-welded, or riveted as-semblies. Do not use for parts withnonaluminum cast inserts. This fin-ish shall not be applied to alloyswith nominal copper content in ex-cess of 5.0 percent or when the totalcontent of the alloying elements ex-ceeds 7.5 percent.

Finish anodic (chromic acid) in accordance withMIL-A-8625, Type I dyed (specified color num-ber) all over, except anodic may be omitted fromtapped holes.

(5) Anodic - hard coat (alumilite orMartin)

For excess wear and maximum abra-sion resistance and for special heattransfer applications on aluminumalloys. Use chromic acid for non-hard-coated surfaces such as alumi-num alloys 1100, 3003, 5052, 6061,6151, and 7075; and cast aluminumalloys 43, 355, and 356.

NOTESThe following conditions applyto this finish:

1. All threads must be masked.

2. Nonaluminum inserts are notpermitted.

Finish hard coat in accordance with MIL-A-8625,Type III, except as noted.

(Drawing must indicate surfaces that are not to becoated.)


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3. Hard coatings may vary in thick-ness from 0.013 millimeter(0.0005 inch) to more than 0.10millimeter (0.004 inch) andunless specified shall be nominal0.05±0.013 millimeter (0.002±0.0005 inch) [penetrates 0.025millimeter (0.001 inch)].

4. Critical surfaces must show thedimension before and after coat-ing when tolerances closer than± 0.013 millimeter (0.0005 inch)are required. Hardened surfacesare usually ground or lapped.

5. Not satisfactory on aluminum al-loys having more than 5 percentsilicon or more than 7 percentcombined total of copper andsilicon.

6. Drawings must indicate surfaceswhere hardness is required to fa-cilitate the selection of the con-trol surface.

7. Coating is nonconductive whendry. Breakdown voltage is ap-proximately 1500 volts. Due toinherent crazing of the hard coat,moisture causes a severeelectrical breakdown of the coat,reducing electrical resistance tozero.

(6) Chemical film for aluminum Finish in accordance with MIL-C-5541, Type 1A.

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General use for aluminum andaluminum alloys in lieu ofanodizing.

These chemical films are recom-mended in preference to anodizingfor general protection of aluminumparts that will be painted or for partsthat are unpainted but shelteredwithin other equipment (e.g., un-painted parts inside a nose conestructure). Exposed, unpainted alu-minum parts will generally be ano-dized for better abrasion and corro-sion protection.

NOTES

1. Use this note where a subsequentpaint finish is not required.

2. Use this note where paint isused.

3. Use this note where low electricalresistance is necessary and wheresubsequent paint finish is not re-quired.

(7) Chromium plating

For wear resistance on ferrous al-loys. Minimum thickness is 0.05millimeter (0.002 inch). Drawingnote must specify the thickness re-quired.

Finish chromium plate (specified thickness)thick in accordance with QQ-C-320.


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NOTE

Critical flat surfaces require a radiuson edges to prevent buildup at edge.The size of the radius must be deter-mined by trial.

(8) Chromium plating

For wear resistance on ferrous alloysprings and parts having a hardnessgreater than 35 Rockwell C. Mini-mum thickness 0.05 millimeter(0.002 inch). Drawing note mustspecify the thickness required.

NOTE

Critical flat surfaces require a radiuson edges to prevent buildup at edge.The size of the radius must be de-termined by trial.

Finish chromium plate (specified thickness)thick in accordance with QQ-C-320. Treat to re-lieve stress and prevent hydrogen embrittlementwithin 1 hour after plating.

(9) Dichromate treatment

For magnesium alloys.

NOTE

Cast inserts if/when used must becadmium plated.

Finish in accordance with SAE AMS-M-3171,Type III (Dow 7).

(10) Nickel plating

For decorative plating on ferrousalloys.

Finish nickel plate in accordance with QQ-N-290or ASTM B456.

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(11) Nickel plating

For decorative plating on copper-base alloys.

Finish nickel plate in accordance with QQ-N-290or ASTM B456.

(12) Passivating corrosion-resistant steel

For all types of corrosion-resistantsteel containing 12 percent or greaterchromium. Individual machine partsand parts fabricated by continuoussealing welds are passivated afterfinish machining. Parts fabricatedby spot or intermittent welding, sil-ver or copper brazing, or riveting arepassivated separately before fabrica-tion.

Finish in accordance with ASTM A967.

(13) Phosphate coating

Use for coating ferrous alloys otherthan stainless steel with either amanganese- or zinc-base phosphate.

Finish in accordance with MIL-STD-171.

(14) Phosphate coating

Dimensions apply prior to phos-phase coating.

Use note (13) for parts under 39Rockwell C.

Use note (14) for parts 39 RockwellC and over.

Finish in accordance with MIL-STD-171, exceptin Table 1 of MIL-DTL-16232, the treatment forrelief of hydrogen embrittlement shall be 1 hour.

(15) Painting of steel structures

Finish in accordance with KSC-STD-C-0001. The drawing shall

Finish in accordance with KSC-STD-C-0001,zone (specify zone).


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specify the zone.

(16) Painting of steel cabinets and panels

Clean in accordance with 4.3 ofMIL-STD-171 and paint with speci-fied paint. Drawing must specifycolor number.

Finish in accordance with 4.3 of MIL-STD-171.Color No. Gray 26440 or 26251 of FED-STD-595.

(17) Painting of aluminum

For indoor color applications:Clean in accordance with 4.1 ofMIL-STD-171. Specify 7.1.1anodic (preferred) or 7.3 chemicalfilm. Paint with semi-gloss exceptuse A-A-50557 primer and topcoatwith A-A-50570. Drawing mustspecify treatment, color, and colornumber.

For outdoor applications:Finish in accordance with KSC-STD-C-0001. The drawingmust specify the zone.

Finish in accordance with 4.3 of MIL-STD-171and primer with A-A-50557 and topcoat with A-A-50570. Color No. (specified color number) ofFED-STD-595. (Prime color should be differentfrom topcoat color.)

Finish in accordance with KSC-STD-C-0001,Zone (specify zone).

(18) Clear varnish

For cut edges of nonmetallic and in-sulation materials, including moldedparts.

Apply clear varnish in accordance with ASTMD3955 to all cut surfaces.

(19) Touchup finish

For unprotected metallic surfacesand damaged finishes. This noteshould be specified on assemblydrawings, where applicable.

After assembly, touch up all exposed unpro-tected surfaces with an approved finish to matchthe surrounding surface.

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(20) Touchup finish

For unprotected metallic surfaces,damaged finishes, and externalhardware, such as screw and boltheads, with touchup paint to match.

After final assembly, unless otherwise specified,all exposed unprotected surfaces and unpaintedhardware shall be painted with an approvedtouchup paint to match the surrounding surface.

(21) Dissimilar metal protection

To be used for protection against de-terioration between dissimilar met-als. One of the following types shallbe specified.

Type I - Protection for use under se-vere deteriorating conditions.

Type II - Protection for use undermoderately severe deteriorating con-ditions.

Dissimilar metal protection in accordance withMIL-STD-889, Type (specified color number).

NOTE

Type I deleted.

(22) Grease coating

Use for rabbet-fitted parts in alumi-num or magnesium alloys where ad-justments may be made.

For unprotected metallic surfacessuch as gear teeth and other surfaceswhere corrosion protection is notprovided.

This note should be specified on as-sembly drawings, where applicable.

(Specified thickness, surface, area, etc.) shall becoated with grease in accordance with MIL-PRF-23827.


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7.12 FlNISHES, MACHINED

Use the information contained in table 7-4 in the generation of notes on drawings for machinedfinishes.

Table 7-4. Finishes, Machined


(1) Sharp edges

(2) Surface finish

Use when the majority of machinedsurfaces have the same surface fin-ish.

Remove burrs and break sharp edges.

Remove burrs and break sharp edges.

Unless otherwise specified, all machined surfaces(√ microinches).

7. 13 FORGINGS

Use the information contained in table 7-5 in the generation of notes on drawings for forgings.

Table 7-5. Forgings (cont)


(1) Surface finish Unless otherwise specified, all forged surfaces(√ specified by design).

(2) Machining allowance Material for machining shall be provided on sur-faces indicated by finish symbol (√) except whenthe finish symbol is qualified by the words "asforged."

(3) Maximum draft Unless otherwise specified, maximum draft of(specified by design) degrees will be permitted,provided it does not decrease the section belowtolerance.

(4) Forged corners Unless otherwise specified, all forged externalcorners to have (specified by design) radiusmaximum.

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Table 7-5. Forgings (cont)


(5) Forged fillets Unless otherwise specified, all forged fillets to be(specified by design) radius.

(6) Forged walls Unless otherwise specified, all forged walls to be(specified by design) thick.

(7) Tolerance, forged angles Unless otherwise specified, all forged angles to be± (specified by design) degrees.

(8) Tolerance, forging linear dimensions

For combined machining and forg-ing drawings where superimposeddimensions are shown.

Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance on forg-ing dimensions shall be ± (as specified by design)millimeter/millimeter (inch/inch) or ± (as speci-fied by design), whichever is greater. Where amachining dimension also defines a forging di-mension, the above tolerance applies to the meandimension. On an unspecified dimension be-tween two forged features, the above toleranceapplies to the calculated mean dimension.

(9) Tolerance, forging linear dimensions

For separate raw forging drawings

Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance on forg-ing dimensions shall be ± (as specified by design)millimeter /millimeter (inch/inch) or ±(as specified by design), whichever is greater. Onan unspecified dimension between two forgedfeatures, the above tolerance applies to the calcu-lated mean dimension.

(10) Six-point tooling system is used forall dimensioning.

Tooling points identified byT P T P1 A, 2 A, etc., are the planned points on sur-faces from which all other points or surfaces areto be checked and machining operations started.

Datum planes shall be defined with respect to sixtooling points identified on the drawing.

All dimensions are shown with respect to theidentified datum planes.


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7.14 HEAT TREATMENT

Use the information contained in table 7-6 in the generation of notes on drawings for heat treat-ment.

Table 7-6. Heat Treatment


(1) Steel

For high-strength, low-alloy steel(e.g., AISI 4340 heat treatment ap-plications).

After rough machining, heat treat to condition[specified by design, (e.g., 1050 to 1250 MPa(150 to 180 ksi))] in accordance with SAE AMS-H-6875. Machine to final dimensions followingheat treatment.

(2) Stainless steel

For stainless steel (e.g., A286), heattreatment applications.

Precipitation harden in accordance with SAEAMS-H-6875 after final machining.

(3) Nickel alloy

For nickel alloy (e.g., 718) heattreatment applications.

Precipitation harden in accordance with appro-priate Aerospace Materials Specifications (AMS)(specified by design) and SAE AMS-H-6875 afterfinal machining.

(4) Aluminum alloy (e.g., 6061)

For aluminum alloy (e.g., A286)heat treatment applications.

Precipitation harden condition [specified by de-sign (e.g., T6)].

7.15 INSPECTION

Use the information contained in table 7-7 in the generation of notes on drawings for inspection.

Table 7-7. Inspection (cont)


(1) Magnetic particle inspection

To detect surface cracks, specify ondetail drawings as required. May

Perform magnetic particle inspection in accor-dance with KSC-SPEC-Z-0013.

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Table 7-7. Inspection (cont)


also be used for magnetic castingsand forgings when requested.

(2) Penetrant inspection

To detect surface cracks, specify foruse on nonmagnetic materials.

Use for particle inspection ofNonmagnetic stainless steel (300Series) or aluminum.

(3) Ultrasonic inspection

To detect internal defects, specify indetail drawings for smooth surfaces.

Perform penetrant inspection in accordance withKSC-SPEC-Z-0013.

Perform ultrasonic inspection in accordance withKSC-SPEC-Z-0013.

7. 16 RIVETING

Use the information contained in table 7-8 in the generation of notes on drawings for riveting.

Table 7-8. Riveting


(1) Rivet coding

For use when rivet coding is re-quired.

Rivet coding in accordance with NAS 523.

(2) Riveting

For use when riveting is required.

Rivet in accordance with MSFC-STD-156.

(3) Blind fasteners

Use for the installation and inspec-tion of high-strength, pull-type fast-eners.

Install fasteners in accordance with NASM81177.


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7.17 THREADS AND THREADED FASTENERS

Use the information contained in table 7-9 in the generation of notes on drawings for threads andthreaded fasteners.

Table 7-9. Threads and Threaded Fasteners


(1) Helical coil inserts

For use on drawings requiring tap-ping for and installation of inserts.

(2) Helical coil inserts

For use on drawings requiring tap-ping for and installation of insertsand removal of notched tangs whenscrew must project through the in-sert.

Tap and install inserts in accordance with MS-33537.

Tap and install inserts in accordance withMS-33537 and remove notched tangs after instal-lation

(3) Screw threads (UN and UNR) Unified inch screw threads per ASME B1.1 (UNand UNR thread form).

(4) Torquing requirements Torque to (specified by design) joules (inch-pounds).

(5) Locking requirements - flatheadscrews

For locking flathead screws, sizes 10and smaller, using an adhesive.

Lock flathead screws in accordance with MIL-S-22473, grade (specified by design).

(6) Safety wiring

For use on assembly drawing requir-ing safety wiring.

Safety-wire all drilled-head screws, bolts, etc.,after assembly in accordance with NASM 33540.

(7) Pipe threads (taper) Tapered pipe threads shall be in accordance withSAE AS-7105.

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7.18 WELDING, BRAZING, AND SOLDERING

Use the information contained in table 7-10 in the generation of notes on drawings for welding,brazing, and soldering.

Table 7-10. Welding, Brazing, and Soldering (cont)


(1) Carbon steel, low alloy steel,stainless steel, and aluminum alloywelding.

Weld in accordance with NASA-SPEC 5004,Class (specify class A, B, or C).

For drawings that have this type ofmaterial, the weld class (A, B, or C)shall be specified in the note.

(2) Extra-high-strength steel (EHS)

For drawings having EHS. [>620kPa UTS)] (>90 ksi UTS) quenchedand tempered, low-alloy steels. Theclass of EHS steel shall be identi-fied. The weld type and level of in-spection shall be specified.

Weld in accordance with NASA-SPEC-5004,Class (specify class), type (specify type). Class(specify class) inspection.

(3) Stainless steel and Invar pipe

For drawings having stainless steelor Invar 36 pipe materials.

Weld in accordance with NASA-SPEC-5004.

(4) Aluminum alloy pipe

For drawings having aluminum alloypipe materials.


(5) Automatic pipe welding

For drawings having carbon steel,stainless steel, aluminum, or Invar36 materials for pipe welding.


(6) Brazing Braze in accordance with KSC-SPEC-Z-0005.


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Table 7-10. Welding, Brazing, and Soldering (cont)


For drawings having steel, copper,aluminum, nickel, or magnesium al-loy brazing.

(7) Soldering of electrical connections Solder in accordance with KSC-STD-E-0010.

7.19 MISCELLANEOUS

Use the information contained in table 7-11 in the generation of notes on drawings for miscella-neous entries.

Table 7-11. Miscellaneous


(1) Drawing terms and tolerances

For use on most detail and assemblydrawings where matching is re-quired. Do not use on vendor con-trol-type drawings (e.g., specifica-tion control, source control, etc.).

Drawing terms and tolerances in accordance withASME Y14.5M.

(2) Inactive drawings

For drawings that have become inac-tive. The note should be placed overor adjacent to the drawing title blockusing approximately 6-millimeter-(1/4-inch-) high letters.

Inactive for new design.

(3) Liquid locking compound

For threaded parts or closely fittedmetal surfaces. For design and us-age data, see MIL-S-22473 andparagraph 6.1.

Any primer and sealing compound to (specify sur-face, part, etc.) in accordance with MIL-S-22473,Grade (specify grade).

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SECTION VIII

DRAWING RELEASE AND CONTROL

8.1 SCOPE

This section defines the requirements for the official release and control of the John F. KennedySpace Center (KSC) engineering drawings. The documentation release process shall be used torecord the official approval of engineering drawings and to obtain the authorization to reproduce,distribute, microfilm, implement, or otherwise utilize the official engineering data containedwithin the drawings.

8.2 DOCUMENTATION RELEASE AUTHORIZATION FORM

The Document Release Authorization (DRA) form (KSC Form 21-68) or an electronic controlledrelease equivalent to the DRA shall be used to document the official release of engineering draw-ings and to document official revisions/changes made to the drawings after their initial release.The detailed procedure for preparation of the DRA shall be in accordance with KDP-KSC-P-1537.

8.3 DRAWING RELEASE APPLICATION

Drawing release by DRA or an electronic equivalent shall apply to the following types of draw-ings:

a. All drawing types specified in this document

b. Engineering orders (EO's)

c. Vendor drawings

d. Shop drawings

e. Sketches

f. Preliminary drawings

8.4 PRELIMINARY RELEASE

Engineering drawings that are incomplete shall be released only by a preliminary release. Whenit is deemed advisable to provide advance information prior to the completion of a drawing, thedrawing may be released in a preliminary form (for example, preliminary drawings are providedfor design reviews).


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8.5 PRELIMINARY RELEASE MARKING

All drawings released as preliminary drawings shall be identified as such so they will be readilyrecognized as being incomplete. Each drawing sheet that is released as a preliminary releaseshall be identified in the lower right-hand corner above the title block.

The preliminary identification shall be made by indicating the level of completion and the datewithin a cloudlike marking.

Examples:

8.6 FINAL RELEASE

A final release shall include only those drawings that are complete and ready for implementation,procurement, or utilization in the field.

8.7 DRAWING REVISION/CHANGE RELEASE

A drawing revision/change release shall be made for drawings that have been revised or updated.A drawing revision/change release may also include EO's. Drawing revisions and EO's shall beprepared in accordance with this manual.

8.8 RELEASE RECORDS

Release records shall be recorded, maintained, and filed by the documentation center. Detailedprocedures for maintaining release records of engineering drawings shall be in accordance withdocumentation center procedures.

8.9 DRAWING CONTROL

Drawing control shall be maintained by the appropriate documentation center. When not in use,original released drawings shall be retained by the appropriate documentation center. Detailedprocedures for the removal of original drawings from and their return to the documentation cen-ter shall in accordance with documentation center procedures.

8.10 DUPLICATE ORIGINALS

Duplicate original drawings shall not be prepared for the purpose of maintaining duplicate re-cords. Preparation of duplicate originals shall be for the following purposes only:

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a. Establishing a new original drawing to replace an existing drawing that has becomeworn or is otherwise not maintainable as an original. In this case, the original fromwhich the duplicate original was made shall be voided and destroyed by the documen-tation center upon verification of the duplicate original.

b. Providing a base drawing to serve as a point of departure upon which changes can bemade to produce a new, uniquely identified original drawing. In this case, the originaldrawing and the new original drawing shall be separately maintained thereafter.

8.11 DRAWING RECORD

The drawing record shall be the official configuration of a drawing. A drawing record shall bemade of all released drawings. The drawing record shall consist of microfilm in accordance withAmerican National Standards Institute/Association for Information and Image Management(ANSI/AIIM) MS 32 or ANSI/AIIM MS 5. Current and history drawing records shall be retainedby the documentation center in accordance with documentation center procedures.


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SECTION IX

DRAWING CHANGES AND REVISIONS

9. 1 SCOPE

This section establishes the methods for making, identifying, and recording changes and revi-sions to John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) aerospace and ground support equipment (GSE)engineering drawings.

9.2 CHANGE METHODS

Any changes to engineering drawings shall be recorded by Engineering Order (EO) or drawingrevision. Changes made by EO's should be incorporated into the drawing when the drawing isrevised. EO changes will be used as an alternate method of making drawing changes only whena revision to the drawing is not feasible.

9.2.1 CHANGES BY EO. An EO may be used to change released engineering drawings, speci-fications, and other types of operations and maintenance documentation. An EO shall be used tochange an engineering drawing only when it is impractical to revise the drawing. When an EO isreleased, it shall become a permanent part of the drawing to which it is applicable. Any changerequired to correct errors on a released EO shall require the preparation of a new EO. A new EOmay cancel a preceding EO in its entirety only if no other subsequent EO's are affected by thecancellation. A portion of an EO cannot be cancelled. All EO's shall be accounted for in thedrawing revision block at its next revision release up to and including the last released. An EOagainst one drawing number shall not be incorporated in another drawing number.

9.2.1.1 Accounting for EO's in Revision Blocks. All EO's affected by a revision shall be ac-counted for in the revision block of sheet 1. The following terms and definitions are the only ac-cepted methods of documentation for accounting for EO's on sheet 1 of the drawing:

All EO's that are incorporated into the drawing shall be listed as “INC” or “incorporated.”

All EO reservations that are cancelled and will not be released shall be accounted for as “Notused.”

All EO's that have been released but have been cancelled by revision or subsequent EO shall belisted as "Cancelled."

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9.2.1.2 EO Format. An EO shall be prepared on KSC Form 21-34 or approved equivalent (fig-ure 9-1). KSC Form 21-34A or approved equivalent (see figure 9-2) may be used for continua-tion sheets when necessary. Other forms of documentation may also be used as continuationsheets, including computer printouts or full-size drawing sheets (e.g., F-size drawing format).All continuation sheets shall contain the EO number and the sheet number of the EO package.Continuation sheets that are B-size through F-size drawing formats shall have the title block x-edout and the EO number and sheet number enclosed within a box above the title block.

9.2.1.3 Preparation of the Engineering Order (KSC Form 21-34). The Engineering Order form(see figure 9-1) shall be completed (utilizing black ink or drafting lead) in accordance with thefollowing instructions.

Block No. Block Title Instructions

1 ENGINEERING ORDERNUMBER

Obtain the EO number from the documentationcenter that has release authority. The EOnumber shall consist of the drawing numberpreceded by the letters "EO" and a sequencenumber followed by the drawing number. Forexample, the first EO for drawing number79K12345 would be numbered EO1-79K12345; the second EO would be numberedEO2-79K12345, etc. Enter the EO number inblock 1 of the form and on each continuationsheet of the EO.

2 SHEET_____OF_____SHEETS

Number each sheet of an EO sequentially be-ginning with number 1. Enter the sheet num-ber and the total sheet number in block 2 of theform.

3 EFFECTIVITY Specify the launch complex or facility and thevehicle to which it applies (e.g., LC-39, Shut-tle; VPF-TDRS).

4 DISPOSITION OF OLDPARTS

SCRAP: Check to indicate that removed parts are to beexcessed.

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Figure 9-1. Engineering Order (KSC Form 21-34)


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Figure 9-2. Engineering Order Continuation Sheet (KSC Form 21-34A)

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REWORK: Check whenever any part that is existing on thedocumentation is to be modified or reworked andis intended to remain in use or be saved for futureuse.

USE: Check when all parts in the engineeringaffected by the EO are to be used as is.

NOT APPLICABLE: Check when changes are to the engineering,documentation only.

5 TITLE OF DRAWING Enter the exact title of the drawing (not in-cluding the subtitle) as it appears on the firstsheet unless the title has been changed by aprevious EO. Then enter the exact title aschanged by that EO.

6 REASON FOR CHANGE Indicate the reason or purpose for the changeto the drawing. This block may also includethe change authorization number, if applica-ble, such as the Engineering Support Request(ESR) number, Problem Report (PR) number,Configuration Control Board Directive(CCBD) number, or other pertinent informa-tion that may be referred to for additional ra-tionale or justification for the change. In addi-tion, the program model number and baselinemay also be added.

7 DESCRIPTION OFCHANGE

Provide a complete and exact description ofall changes to the drawing. The change de-scription shall be clear and concise using textand sketches. A brief summary of the changesincluded in the EO is recommended to precedethe detailed description. The following prac-tices shall be used for describing the changes:

(a) When practical, each change in the EOshall be sequentially numbered in theorder in which the areas of the drawingbeing changed appear in the drawing.

(b) Each change location within the draw-


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PARTS LIST

ing shall be identified by sheet numberand, if applicable, zone identification.

(c) The drafting methods and practicesused in preparing the drawing beingchanged shall always be followed inthe EO to the maximum extent possi-ble.

(d) The WAS AND IS method may beused to define the change. The use ofinformation enclosed in a cloudlikemarking that indicates the area of thechange is acceptable when appropriate.

(e) New find numbers, note numbers, ornew view, elevation, section, or detailidentification letters shall not beassigned in an EO. The numbers andletters shall be assigned at the time ofEO incorporation into the drawing.When new numbers/letters are re-quired within the EO, a notation suchas *1, *2, or *A, *B, etc., along with anote *ITEM NUMBER TO BE AS-SIGNED AT TIME OF EO INCOR-PORATION shall be used.

An abbreviated parts list shall be usedto indicate changes in parts or materi-als required for the EO. Complete thefollowing block as applicable:

ACTION Enter ADD orDEL to add or de-lete the part oritem.

QTY Enter the quantityof parts that isadded or deleted.

FIND NO. Enter the find

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number of the partthat is added or de-leted.

MRF CODE Enter the CAGEcode for the part.

PART NO. Enter the partnumber of the part.

DESCRIPTION Enter a descriptionof the part.

STOCK SIZE Enter the stock sizeof the part.

MATERIAL Enter the materialSPEC spec for the part.

8 SIGNATURES Obtain the following signatures (in black inkor drafting lead) or approval indicators, as re-quired, to approve the EO.

(a) REQUESTER. The name, organiza-tion, and department number of theperson who is requesting the change tothe engineering document, and thedate.

(b) STRESS. If stress analysis or materialanalysis is required, include the signa-ture, organization, and departmentnumber of the responsible stress ormaterials analysis engineer, and thedate.

(c) CHECKER. The signature or ap-proval indicator, organization, and de-partment number of the designated en-gineering checker for changes made tothe document, and the date.

(d) DRAFTSMAN. The signature or ap-


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proval indicator of the draftspersonwho drew the EO and the date. If theengineer making changes to the engi-neering document is the person whodrew the EO, that person's name shallbe printed in this block.

(e) ENGINEER. The signature or ap-proval indicator, organization, and de-partment number of the engineer whorequested the EO from the documenta-tion center and who is responsible forthe content of the EO, and the date.Additionally, if an in-house trackingnumber is used, it may be placed onthe EO in this block only.

(f) APPROVED BY. The signature orapproval indicator, organization, anddepartment number of the approvingmanagement, and the date.

9.2.1.4 Preparation of the Engineering Order Continuation Sheet (KSC Form 21-34A). The En-gineering Order Continuation Sheet (see figure 9-2) shall be completed (utilizing black ink ordrafting lead) in accordance with the following instructions.


1 ENGINEERING ORDERNUMBER

Enter the EO number followed by the drawingnumber (e.g., EO1-79K12345).

2 Sheet_____ of ______Sheets Enter the sheet number on each sheet and totalnumber of sheets in the EO on the last sheet(e.g., sheet 6 of 6 sheets).

7 DESCRIPTION OFCHANGE (CONTINUA-TION)

Enter a continuation of change description.

– PARTS LIST Use the parts list to continue changes in partsor materials. The parts list shall be completedin the same manner as KSC Form 21-34.


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9.3 REVISION METHODS

Revisions shall be made by erasure, addition of information, or by redrawing. The "crossing-out"method of revision shall not be used.

9.3.1 REVISION DRAWING PRACTICES. When revising an existing drawing, the graphicsymbols, designations, lettering style and size, material and method of application, and drawingpractices used in creating the original drawing shall be followed for changes/revisions, unlessotherwise directed by the responsible design organization.

9.3.2 CHANGE IN DIMENSIONS. In general, any change in a dimension of a part shall alsobe made to scale on the affected portion of the drawing; however, it is permissible to leave thedrawing unchanged when the new portion of the part is not noticeably different from the original.

9.4 RECORDING REVISIONS ON DRAWINGS

Each revision shall be recorded in the revision block of the drawing at the time the drawing is re-vised. The revision block format on drawings shall be as identified in section II. To provide forfuture revisions, the space beneath the revision block shall be left blank on the initial release ofthe drawing. On D-size and larger drawing formats, a minimum of 90 millimeters (mm) (3.5inches) of blank space should be provided under the revision block on the format. Instructionsfor completing the revision block are contained in the following paragraphs. (See figure 9-3.)Previous revision block descriptions shall not be changed. To correct previous revision informa-tion, so state in the current revision description.

For drawings with extensive revision histories, when limited by the allocated space, revision datafor no more than the current and the immediately preceding revision shall be required. In no caseshall additional sheets be added to the drawing solely for the purpose of recording revision data.

9.4.1 ZONE. When changes are recorded by zoning, the zone in which each change is madeshall be entered in the ZONE column on the same line as the description of the change.

9.4.2 REVISION LETTER. The identifying letter pertaining to the particular revision being re-corded shall be entered in the SYM column.

9.4.3 DESCRIPTION. Brief statements shall be used to explain revisions. Pictorial sketchesand symbology shall not be used. Reference to a revision authorization document shall not berequired in the description.

9.4.3.1 Sheet 1 of Drawing. All EO's incorporated throughout the drawing at the current revi-sion shall be listed. Canceled EO's shall also be listed. Sheets revised, revised and redrawn,added, or deleted shall be explicitly listed in separate respective statements (i.e., “sheets 1-3, 3A,4-7,” not sheets 1-7). Direct revisions affecting sheet 1 shall have a brief description and be se-quentially numbered. (See figure 9-3.)


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Figure 9-3. Examples of Typical Revision Recordings


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9.4.3.2 Succeeding Sheets. EO incorporations shall be indicated in the description column ofeach sheet affected by the EO. Direct revisions shall have a brief description and be sequentiallynumbered. (See figure 9-3.) Additional revision descriptions for multiple-sheet drawings are de-scribed in 9.6.

9.4.4 REVISION DATE. The method of specifying the revision date should be consistent withthe method originally used on the drawing.

9.4.5 APPROVAL. The approval of the revision shall be indicated by the initials, name, or thesignature of the authorized design organization representative entered in the APPROVAL col-umn. CAD-prepared drawings may be signed for each revision. Subsequent revisions of CAD-prepared drawings may show printed initials/names in place of the original signatures on previ-ous revisions.

9.4.6 SEPARATING REVISIONS. Each revision shall be separated from the next revision by ahorizontal line.

9.5 REVISION IDENTIFICATION

Revisions of drawings shall be designated by letters alphabetically. The locations of the revi-sions on the drawing shall be identified through the use of revision symbols in the field of thedrawing and a description in the revision block on the drawing. The location of the revision mayalso be enclosed within a cloudlike marking when special emphasis is required.

9.5.1 REVISION LETTERS. Uppercase letters shall be used in alphabetical order, excludingthe letters I, O, Q, S, X, and Z to identify each sequential revision to a drawing. When revisionsto the drawing are numerous enough to exhaust the alphabet, the revision following Z shall beidentified as AA, AB, AC, etc., excluding the letters I, O, Q, S, X, and Z. If the AA to AZ se-quence should be exhausted, the next sequence shall be BA, BB, BC, etc., omitting the letters I,O, Q, S, X, and Z. The basic release (initial issue) of a drawing shall not be assigned a revisionletter. Letters shall not be skipped in the applicable revision letter sequence.

When multiple changes are incorporated in a drawing at the same time, all of the changes shallbe identified by the same revision letter. The changes shall be sequentially numbered to permitready identification of each specific change. In such cases, the appropriate sequence number willappear as a suffix to the revision letter in the revision symbol (see figure 9-4) and be identified inthe description in the revision block of the drawing.

Figure 9-4. Revision Symbol


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9.5.2 REVISION SYMBOLS. A revision symbol shall consist of the applicable revision letterand a change suffix number (when required) enclosed in a 10-mm- (3/8-inch-) diameter circle(see figure 9-4). Revision symbols shall be located as near as practical to the change in the fieldof the drawing. Revision symbols shall not be used on printed-wiring drawings or on other typesof drawings when their use may adversely affect clarity. When multiple changes are involved inone area of a drawing to the extent that use of separate revision symbols would crowd the draw-ing, a single revision symbol may be used to identify the changes, provided sufficient informa-tion is included in the revision block. For each subsequent revision, the previous revision sym-bols may be removed from the field of the drawing.

9.6 REVISION OF MULTIPLE-SHEET DRAWINGS

Concurrent changes made upon any or all sheets of a multiple-sheet drawing shall be identifiedon each sheet revised by the same revision letter. Each sheet revised by a specific revision shallbe indicated in the revision block on sheet 1 of the multiple-sheet drawing. (See figure 9-3.) Therevision status shall also be indicated on the drawing index or revision status summary (if exis-tent in drawing). (See figure 9-5.) The revision status shall be provided on the first sheet or theindex sheet of a drawing.

A revision to any sheet requires an upgrade in the revision level of that sheet and sheet 1; there-fore, the revision of sheet 1 represents the revision level of the entire multiple-sheet drawing. Nosheet shall contain a revision level higher than that shown for sheet 1.

9.6.1 ADDING SHEETS. Added sheets constitute a revision to the drawing. This revision shallbe entered both on the added sheet and on sheet 1.

9.6.1.1 Inserting New Sheets. Additional sheets inserted between existing sheets shall not re-quire the renumbering of all subsequent sheets, which would require revising sheets with inter-connect ballouts or cross-reference of details, sections, etc. The added sheet shall be numberedthe same as the previous sheet number with the addition of the letter A (e.g., 26A). If additionaladded sheets immediately follow an added sheet, they shall also be numbered by adding lettersalphabetically to the previous sheet number (e.g., 26B, 26C, etc.). If additional sheets are in-serted between previously added sheets (e.g., between 26A and 26B), new sheets shall be num-bered with the same alphanumeric sheet number as the previous page with the addition of num-bers in consecutive order (e.g., 26A, 26A1, 26A2, etc.). Sheet number lettering shall complywith the same practices specified for revision letters in 9.5.1 (the letters I, O, Q, S, X, and Z shallnot be used). The sheet number recordings on the first and last sheets of the drawing shall re-main unchanged. The title block of a new sheet shall reflect the date the new sheet was approvedand new signatures, in accordance with section II. The revision description on the new sheetshould read THIS SHEET ADDED or THIS SHEET ADDED PER EO-XX, as appropriate. Forexample (see figure 9-6), a 5-sheet drawing package has a sheet 2A inserted. Sheet 1 readsSHEET 1 OF 5 and sheet 5 still reads SHEET 5 OF 5, even though the total number of sheets is6. The revision description on sheet 2A reads THIS SHEET ADDED.

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Figure 9-5. Revision Status


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Figure 9-6. Insertion of a New Sheet

9.6.1.2 Adding Sheets to the End. Additional sheets added to the end of the drawing shall be as-signed the next consecutive sheet number, without alpha letters, for each added sheet. The sheetnumber recordings on the first and last sheets of the drawing shall then be changed to reflect thefirst sheet and the new last sheet number, not the total number of sheets. The revision descrip-tion of the new last sheet should read THIS SHEET ADDED or THIS SHEET ADDED PEREO-XX, as appropriate. The title block of a new sheet shall reflect the date the new sheet wasapproved and new signatures, in accordance with section II. Adding sheets to the end of a draw-ing requires a revision to the former last sheet of the drawing. For example (see figure 9-7), a 5-sheet drawing package has sheet 6 added to the end. Sheet 1 reads SHEET 1 OF 6, sheet 5reads SHEET 5, and the new last sheet reads SHEET 6 OF 6. The revision description of sheet 6reads THIS SHEET ADDED.

9.6.1.3 Inserting New Sheets and Renumbering. If one or more sheets are inserted and the entiredrawing package renumbered, including alphanumeric sheets, the sheet numbers on the first andlast sheets are changed to reflect the total sheet count (see 9.6.1.2). The title block of a new sheetshall reflect new signatures and the date the information on the new sheet was approved, in ac-cordance with section II. The revision description of the new sheet shall reflect the new revisionlevel and the description REDRAWN, NEW INFO. All subsequent sheets through the formerlast sheet number shall reflect the new revision level with the revision description reading RE-DRAWN, INFO WAS ON SHEET X. All information (drawing details, title block, revisiondata, signatures, etc.) on each subsequent renumbered sheet shall remain intact with only the

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Figure 9-7. New Sheet Added to End of Drawing

sheet number being changed. The existing sheets that become sheets beyond the former lastsheet number become added sheets with the revision description reading THIS SHEET ADDED,INFO WAS ON SHEET X. Any sheets with interconnect ballouts between sheets or details, sec-tions, views, etc., between sheets, will be affected and shall be revised. For example (see figure9-8), a 5-sheet drawing package has a sheet added between sheets 2 and 3 and is renumbered.Sheet 1 reads SHEET 1 OF 6. The new sheet receives new dates and approval signatures and be-comes the new sheet 3 with the revision description reading REDRAWN, NEW INFO. The for-mer sheet 3, in its entirely, becomes the new sheet 4 with the revision description reading RE-DRAWN, INFO WAS ON SHEET 3. Similarly, the former sheet 4 becomes the revised sheet 5,with sheet 5 now reading only SHEET 5. The former sheet 5, including the original signatures, isthen added as a new sheet reading SHEET 6 OF 6 with the revision description reading THISSHEET ADDED, INFO WAS ON SHEET 5.

9.6.2 DELETING SHEETS. Deleted sheets constitute a revision to the drawing. This revisionshall be entered on sheet 1 of the drawing and in the drawing index if applicable. EO's applicableto deleted sheets (only) shall be cancelled per the same revision. Do not cancel EO's that affectboth the deleted sheet and other sheets as well.


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Figure 9-8. Insertion of a New Sheet With the Drawing Renumbered

9.6.2.1 Deleting Sheets Without Renumbering. Sheet 1 shall be revised to state the sheet hasbeen redrawn. If any outstanding EO's apply to the deleted sheet (only), those EO's shall be can-celled per the same revision that deletes the sheet. The sheet shall be redrawn, and deleted in-formation in the field of the drawing shall be indicated by large letters stating "THIS SHEET IN-TENTIONALLY BLANK." Update the index with the revision and remove the title of the sheetand replace with DELETED or INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. (See Figure 9-9.)

9.6.2.2 Deleting Sheets and Renumbering. When sheets are deleted, the remaining sheets shouldbe renumbered to retain the sequential order. The revision level of sheet 1 and each sheet that isrenumbered shall be upgraded to the next revision level. The actual sheet being deleted cannotbe defined by sheet number when renumbering since the sheet number will still be used. (SeeFigure 9-10.)

The sheet numbers at the end of the drawing that are no longer used due to renumbering shall beshown as the deleted sheets in the revision block on sheet 1.

When sheets are deleted, the word VOID shall be added to the original sheet above the titleblock, signed, and dated by the responsible organization representative, and submitted to thedocumentation center with the revised sheets of the drawing.

9.6.2.3 Reinstating Cancelled/Deleted Sheets. Reinstating a sheet constitutes a revision to thedrawing on sheet 1 and the reinstated sheet. Sheet 1 shall state the sheet is reinstated. If thedrawing was not renumbered at the time the sheet was deleted, then on that sheet it shall bestated: REDRAWN, NEW INFO. If the drawing was renumbered and sheet x is reinstated back

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into the drawing where it originally existed, sheet x will be shown as REDRAWN, NEW INFOand the remaining sheets will be shown as REDRAWN, NEW INFO, WAS SHEET XX. Anynew sheet numbers added to the end of the drawing shall read THIS SHEET ADDED, WASSHEET XX on that sheet and on sheet 1. (See Figure 9-11.)

9.6.3 REARRANGING SHEETS. Rearranging sheets within a drawing shall constitute a revi-sion to the drawing. The revision shall be entered on both the rearranged sheet and on sheet 1 ofthe drawing. Rearrangement of the sheets shall be accomplished by renumbering the sheets.

Figure 9-9. Deleting Sheets Without Renumbering


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Figure 9-10. Deleting Sheets and Renumbering

Figure 9-11. Reinstating a Cancelled/Deleted Sheet

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When the sheets are renumbered, the old sheet number shall be indicated in the revision block.(See figure 9-3.) Sheets that are rearranged between existing sheets or at the end of the drawingshall be added sheets in accordance with 9.6.1.

9.7 CANCELLED DRAWINGS

When drawings are cancelled, they shall be revised to the next higher revision level. The revi-sion block shall be marked CANCELLED AND REPLACED BY 79K _ __ _ _ or markedCANCELLED AND SUPERSEDED BY 79K _ _ _ _ _. (See figure 9-3.) The cancelled draw-ing shall be approved and released at the same time or after the new drawing is released. Can-celled multiple-sheet drawings shall have only the first sheet revised and released. Sheets otherthan the first sheet shall be voided by adding the word VOID above the title block, signed anddated by the responsible organization representative, and submitted to the documentation centerwith the revised sheets of the drawing. All outstanding EO's and the reserved EO's of a cancelleddrawing shall be cancelled by the documentation center on the Configuration Management DataSystem (CMDS). A drawing cannot be updated and cancelled at the same revision.

9.8 OBSOLETE DRAWINGS

When drawings are classified as obsolete, they shall be revised to the next higher revision level.The revision block shall be marked OBSOLETE with justification (as shown in figure 9-3), ap-proved, and released. Obsolete multiple-sheet drawings shall have only the first sheet revisedand released. Sheets other than the first sheet shall be voided by adding the word VOID abovethe title block, signed and dated by the responsible organization representative, and submitted tothe documentation center with the revised sheets of the drawing. All outstanding EO's of an ob-solete drawing will automatically carry the same status (OBSOLETE) as the drawing when en-tered on the CMDS by the documentation center.

9.9 REDRAWN OR REPLOTTED DRAWINGS

Drawings that are redrawn by manual, CAD, or photoreproduction methods shall be revised tothe next higher revision with the appropriate information in the revision block, approved, and re-leased. The revision blocks on manually and photographically reproduced drawings shall bemarked REDRAWN NO CHANGE (as indicated in figure 9-3) or REPLOTTED NO CHANGE.It is not required to indicate REVISED AND REDRAWN in the revision block on CAD-reviseddrawings; however, the changes made by the revision shall be indicated. The original drawingsheets replaced by the redrawn or replotted sheets shall be marked VOID above the title blockand signed by the responsible organization. All voided drawing sheets should accompany theirrevised sheets to the documentation center when the revised sheets are released.

9.10 REINSTATING A CANCELLED/OBSOLETE DRAWING

Reinstating a cancelled or obsolete drawing shall require the preparation and release of a newdrawing with a new drawing number or the release of the same drawing number at a higher revi-sion.


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9.11 DOCUMENTATION FILES

Documentation files for drawing changes and revisions shall be maintained by the documentationcenters. The latest released drawing revisions and all outstanding EO's shall be maintained in anactive microfilm file.

Microfilm for incorporated EO's, previous revisions, and cancelled or obsolete drawings (exceptfor sheet 1) shall be marked HISTORY and maintained in a history microfilm file.

G-P-435 F Vol1 Engineering Drawing Practices

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Transcript of G-P-435 F Vol1 Engineering Drawing Practices