Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and

Management Systems

NSF Engineering Research CenterUM ENERGY SUMMIT

April 23, 2009

NSF Engineering Research Center• NSF Engineering Research Centers promote partnerships among researchers in different disciplines and between industry and universities.

– They focus on integrated engineered systems and produce technological innovations that strengthen the competitive position of industry. – Their graduates are well-rounded, professionally oriented engineers with a global outlook, experience in technological innovation, and the ability to assume leadership roles in industry, academe, and government.

• Funded at $18.5 million for five years. Renewable up to ten years• FREEDM is the only ERC in power and energy engineering

U.S. Electric Power Industry Net Generation by Fuel Source, 2006

Cost of Electricity – An amazing century

2006

www.oe.energy.gov/smartgrid.htm

Innovation &Industry Transformation

Energy Crisis• Security• Sustainability• Climate Change

Green andrenewable energy

9

Vision

An efficient and revolutionary power gridIntegrating distributed and scalable alternative energy sources and storage with existing power systems

Facilitating a green-energy-based economyMitigating the growing energy crisis; andReducing the impact of carbon emissions.

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Center Goals

Develop fundamental and enabling technologies and demonstrate the FREEDM System.

Foster a revolution in innovation and technology in the electric power and sustainable energy industries.

Educate a new system-oriented and globally engaged workforce for a green-energy-based economy.

A Paradigm Shift like the Internet

Shipping 250M pcs/yr.

Ubiquitous ownership

Ubiquitous use

Ubiquitous sharing

Pre-1980s

Internet

Paradigm Shift

Distributed ComputingCentralized Mainframes

Innovation & Industry

Transformation

Paradigm Shift for the Power Industry

Ubiquitous sales

Ubiquitous ownership

Ubiquitous use

Ubiquitous sharing

Today

Centralized Generation100+ year old technology

New energy companies based on IT and power

electronics technologies

Paradigm Shift

FREEDM System

Innovation & Industry

Transformation

Distributed RenewableEnergy Resources (DRER)New technologies

for distributed renewable energy

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System Capability

A new delivery system to allow:

Plug-and-play of any Distributed Renewable Energy Resource (DRER) anywhere and anytime.

Plug-and-play of any Distributed Energy Storage Device (DESD) anywhere and anytime.

A new management system for DRER and DESD:

Distributed intelligence (i.e. grid operation system)

Reliable and secured communication

IEM: Intelligent Energy Management IFM: Intelligent Fault Management

DRER: Distributed Renewable Energy Resource DESD: Distributed Energy Storage Device

10 kVA100 kVA

1 MVA

ESD

User Interface

Distributed Grid Intelligence (DGI)FREEDM

Substation

12kV

120 V

Market & Economics

69kV

IEM

AC

AC

IFM IFM

IFM

LOAD DRER DESD

IEM

AC

AC

LOAD DRER DESD

IEM

AC

AC

3Φ 480V

RSC

Legacy gridFREEDM System Diagram

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IEM

IFM

Four generations of technology development

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Fundamental Science

Nanofiber Li-ion Cell (250WH/kg, 3.5 kW/kg, 20000 cycle)

Today’s AdvancedLi-ion Cell 3 X improvement

in Li-ion energy*power density

Cost reduction

10 X energy density in

ultracapacitor

4.5 kV, 125oC, 150 kW/cm2

Silicon Bipolar Technology

15 kV, 200oC, 350 kW/cm2

Silicon Carbide IGBT Technologyand 600V, 100A GaN Technology

15 X improvement in

speed*power

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Enabling Technology

Conventional Transformer

Solid State Transformer (SST)5 X size reduction10 X weight reduction

12kV AC

480V AC

Today’s High PowerLi-ion battery 5 kWH Distributed Energy

Storage Device (DESD)3 X reduction in size

cost reductionEnergy Storage

Bi-directionalPower

Conversion System

Communication Interface

DESD

120Vac

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Broad Industry SupportA new national coalition focused on renewable electric energy infrastructure.

Growing potential for leveraged support.

59 committed industry partners

18 innovation partners

Medium:

Small:

International:

Large:

Pipeline of future engineers for green energy economy and graying power systems workforce:

Continuum of programs from middle school to Ph.D. Industry training and lifelong learning Undergrad concentration in Renewable Energy Systems Research Experiences for Undergraduates M.S. program in Renewable Energy Systems ERC research findings to be integrated in new and existing courses

Pipeline of future leaders, innovators, and creators for green energy economy: Innovative ERC graduate student portfolio program Required and assessed for all ERC graduate students

Education Program

Pre-College Outreach

School partnerships (9 middle, 5 high school)

RETs (54 over 5 yrs.)

New renewable energy curricular activities

Young Scholars (99 over 5 yrs.)

Summer academic programs (2 sites per year) for students from underrepresented groups

ERC sponsored NC Science Olympiad

Research faculty and student involvement

Assessment

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Core Partner UniversitiesNC State UniversityMissouri University of Science

& TechnologyFlorida State UniversityArizona State University Florida A & M University

International UniversitiesAachen University (Germany)Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)

Affiliated UniversitiesVirginia TechAuburn University University of Washington Oregon StateUniv. of Buffalo

ERC Team National Laboratories

Sandia National Lab (SNL) National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) National Electric Technology Lab (NETL)

Industry Partners (59 companies)

Innovation Partners (18)

Pre-College Partners9 middle schools5 high schools

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Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) Independent guide to ERC in scientific/engineering exploration Advise on changes in strategic research plan on an annual basis Six world-renowned experts in power electronics & power system

Energy Policy Advisory Board (EPAB) A reality check where the ERC meets the market

7 utility company and utility commission members

Chair: Dr. Rajendra Pachauri, Nobel Prize Winner and Chair, UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Industry Advisory Board (IAB)Proposal evaluation and ranking; working groups Representatives of full and associate member companies

External Advisory Boards

Contact:

Mariesa L. Crow, Ph.D., P.E.F. Finley Distinguished Professor of Electrical

EngineeringDirector, Energy Research & Development Center

Missouri S&Tcrow@mst.edu573.341.6305

Together, we can make a change