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Transcript of Future platform technologies and architectures Roberto Minerva, Manager of IC Scenarios Telecom...
Future platform technologies and architectures
Roberto Minerva,Manager of IC Scenarios
Telecom Italia – Future Centre
ITU Workshop on “Service Delivery Platforms (SDP) for Telecommunication Ecosystems: from today’s realities to requirements and
challenges of the future”
(Geneva, Switzerland, 17 October 2011 )
Agenda
• A New Context for Telecomms• Many paradoxes …
• The Rising Importance of Data • IoT and Data• Personal Data = Data + Identity
• Deriving some requirements for Operators’ Platforms
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
A New Context for Telecomms
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Towards 2020: the future of networks
• Fiber reaches a large part of homes and enterprises, it guarantees:
– Unlimited bandwidth– Low cost per bit– Everywhere connectivity– flat rate also for mobile
• User is ABC (Always Best Connected)– Transparent Connectivity (user always connected at
the lower prices and best bandwidth)– Strong Integration (at the terminal level) between
mobile and fixed networks – Cognitive Radio (terminals adapt to the available
networks)– Rapid change of Providers– Dynamic Business Models – Users connected to smaller, more efficient and
cheaper cell
• Importance of Data – Seamless access to personal data – Capability to dynamically create, aggregate and
update personal data – New data type and data sets – Integration between real and virtual related data– User controlled access to data
• Services strongly related to users and their social relationships
• Identity Management and their association to Biometric techniques
• Different roles and identities per user• Diminishing role of SIMs
• Fundamental Role of Terminals• Abundance of Storage (1TB in the terminal, toward
infinite in the network?)• High processing Capabilities in the terminals (context
controlled locally by the terminal)• Capability to interoperate will be embedded in
terminals and will be downloadable OTA• Software embedded in the terminal makes the device
more a personal service platform than a product. They will be personalized according to the specific user needs
• Pervasive Communication• Ubiquitous connectivity• Broad classes of communicating objects (smart object,
beacons, smart materials, sensors, micromachinery, ...)• Explosion of Augmented Reality and Internet of Things
applications
Connectivity is a commodityTerminals are flexible and personal service platforms
Data center larger and larger
Difference on Services
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
WebCos work on DATA
Telecoms work on BITS
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Two Operators Problems
t
€
Reven
ue
Cut CostsOptimizeLEAN OPERATOR
New ServicesNew Revenue StreamsSMART OPERATOR
Bit Pipe
2015
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Two approaches
• Decoupling Services from the Network
• Global reach independent of the access network;
• mashup of local and global resources (Net of Nets)
• Provide Global Services• the long tail is much bigger• because the marginal costs of a global
solution are smaller (Skype: the costs for building a global software are marginal)
• Networks will become highly dynamic Complex Systems made out of many heterogeneous networks, systems and intelligent endpoints
• Complexity will result in:• Costly infrastructure difficult to install, manage and
integrate• Lack of optimization of usage of resources• Lack of knowledge of the “network" as a whole and
how it is globally and locally behaving in supporting customers requests
De-perimeterization of Services
a Network Operating System
De-perimeterization of Services
a Network Operating System
0-Touch Networks0-Touch Networks
Lean OperatorLean Operator Smart OperatorSmart Operator
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
New Classes of Services
Internet of Things
Extended Reality
Social Media
e-Government
Data … (what’ s this?)
Always Best Connected (ABC)
Evolution of VPNs
LeanOperator
LeanOperator
SmartOperator
SmartOperator
Building a Data Path for Operators
• Exploit data related opportunities• Move from Bits to Management of
Information
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
The network itself is asource of Information
11
Mining the Operators Gold Mines• Personal Data allow for Profiling the User
• CDR data• Location Related info• Usage of Internet Connectivity• IPTV usage • ...
• Statistical Data (related to more than one user)• Usage of Network Resources• Location Information and mobs movement• ...
• Technologies• Data Mining • Reasoning • Derive Data from Uncertainty• Neutralization
http://www.seshat.ch/home/geom06.htm
Internet of Things
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Objects, Terminals, Networks as Personal Info Producers
Smart ObjectsIntelligent Terminals
NFC,Wifi,UWB,BT,…
3G, 4G,other public nets,…
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
0,11 0,373,65
21,90
36,50
52,56
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6
Millio
ns
GB
/Year
Message / Day
10 M AggregatorsMessage size: 10 kB
3 10 100 600 1000 1440
Equivalent Volume as the one generated by 20 M users (3 min phone call per day)
How Many Nodes, How Many Messages, How Much Bandwidth ?
Likely the communications between nodes will be framed into B2B2C relationships
Many objects/nodes will come with communications already paid for (I.e., embedded communications)
Operators should try to be Aggregators by providing real-time messaging engines (e.g., based on PubSub), by creating communities, and by supporting the deployment of the infrastructure (at home and in the public domain)
Issue: low average traffic, but highly impulsive traffic(e.g., SPIKES: all objects wake up at 3 a.m. and send high priority messages)
Where is the Value then ?
15
Data
Information
Knowledge
• Aggregation• Personalization
• Inference
• Relationships
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Some Issues with networked data
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
A First Issue: proper Management of Personal Data
Sourc
e:
Bain
& C
om
pany
Volunteered data: created and explicitly shared by individuals
Observed data: captured by recording the actions of individuals
Inferred data: based on analysis of volunteered or observed information;
Exce
rpt
form
: “P
ers
onal D
ata
- T
he E
merg
ence
of
a N
ew
Ass
et
Cla
ss”
(WEF)
Personal Data should be properly managed
A “user-centric personal data eco-system” (WEForum)
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
But what is the Value of Personal Data?
• The value of the single datum depends on the usage context:
• The kind of collected datum: V(CreditCard) > V(SocialSecurityNumber)
• Time reference: V(CreditCard, today)>> V(CreditCard, 4years ago)
• The value of the Person in the usage context:
• Importance of the person V(CreditCard, SB) >> V(CreditCard, RM)
• The linkage of the datum
• The connection of the datum and the person:
• How many data can be connected to the datum (es.: FoaF)
• Is the datum owner well connected (a Hub kind of person)V(a) > V(b)
• How much data (derived from http://www.thoughtfarmer.com/blog/2009/04/27/intranet-roi/)
• Metcalfe’s Law: n(n-1)/2
• Reed’s Law: 2n – n-1
• Briscoe, Odlyzko, and Tilly Law: n log (n)
• Beckstrom Law: V = ΣB – ΣC
Identity of Things• Each Resource is
addressable
• Each resource is CONNECTED– Connectivity must
be guaranteed in a variety of environments
– Secure Links have to be guaranteed
• Each Resource can be associated to a User (Identity)• Who owns these
relations :UserId - Location - ResourceId - data used/generated ? • Things can collect user related actions
and data• Each Thing can be used for tracking
Users• Owners of Things can collect a lot of
data
Dealing with Data: Data Anonimization, Contracts and Contextualization
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Nodes will connect each other in unpredictable ways
http://muxware.net/sol_mesh.php
12
3Node Aggregation at time t1
Aggregation 1
Aggregation 2
Aggregation 3
1
2
3
Node Aggregation at time t2
Aggregation 2
Aggregation 1
Network
Increasing richness and complexity at the edge of (Operators’) networks
• Many Objects scattered in the env (with local communication)
• Some Aggregators gathering and dispatching information
• Networks to cross
A Second Issue: Complexity is moving to the edge
• Functionalities and data generation/consumption and storage in the edge
• Networks will comprise smart objects and processing, storage, communication resources
• Data and Info will be the user target and not mere connectivity
• Complexity coalesces at the edges (more nodes and more capabilities)
• While big networks are flattening and becoming simpler (less nodes)
• Local aggregation vs. average coverage
• Aggregation of intelligent points will be mainly unpredictable and even if high average connectivity capabilities will be provided, such a dynamic concentration will challenge the networks capabilities
• Competition for scarce resources for a limited period of time
• Terminals will have a key role
• Terminals as an integral part of the communication environment
• Mobility will be assumed for the majority of terminals
• Need to control new complex systems without human intervention
• The Operator's network needs to support and help in this new context
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Dealing with Complexity at the edge: Self-Organization of Networks
23
http://innovation.gsa.gov/blogs/OCIO.nsf/dx/Management-Innovators-Bookshelf-Small-Pieces-Loosely-Joined-A-Unified-Theory-of-the-Web-by-David-Weinberger-2002
Management of complex and dynamic “Network s of Networks” will be critical•No human intervention possible•Competition on resourcesRequire•Self-organization•Game theory techniques for highly distributed systems
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
A Tussle: Future Internet and Identity
• There is a need for an Identity Layer in the Future Internet• For identify people• For identify things• To relate things, people and places
• For freeing people from Identity Providers• People have the right to exist independently from a provider• People are the owners of their identity (and names),
homonymies should be managed in a far way (way just one Mario Rossi when there are plenty …)
• Open framework• Many options, and, in certain circumstances, support for
Certification by a provider (a bank), the government, others• Need for a lot of standardization and discussion • Need to safeguard and protect the ownership of data
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
A Bit of Technology
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Current Paradigms are not future proof
Physical Layer
Resources
Control Layer Network Intelligence (e.g., IMS) is a hierarchical model based on the assumption that control has to be exerted by a few specialized control nodes
Client Servernetwork
Client – Server model totally disregards the network aspects and can easily lead to a tragedy of commons (misuse of common networking resources)
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Ossification of Internet and Perspective for the Future Internet
• Security. Currently it is tackled as an issue at the edge, while the network(s) could contribute to relieve some issues (e.g., DDOS)
• Mobility, the current Internet has not been designed for an optimal management of mobility, the Future Internet has to deal with a multitude of highly mobile objects (mobility built in)
• Network Identity, Users are not recognized and managed in the network, they are managed only at the edges (specific servers or applications)
• Integration of Applications and Transport/Control Layers. Currently there are not consolidated interfaces that allow for a better cooperation between the Network and the Apps. Many applications do not use resources properly (e.g., p2p applications do retrieve data from far away hosts)
• Edges are becoming themselves Networks. There is the need to understand and manage the dynamics around Networks of Networks: i.e., complex systems that impulsively request resources and use them while these resources have been designed to support statistically determined needs
• Focus on data and info and not on transport of bits
27
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Enabling technologies• autonomic capabilities and bio-inspired algorithms (e.g., gossiping,
self-organization algorithms), to deal with complexity;• (self-organized) P2P overlays for clustering components, to guarantee
scalability, reliability, and abstraction from underlying network;• resources virtualization, based on abstraction for coping with
heterogeneity and on the definition of dynamic slices for multiple allocations;
• programmable “intelligent” mechanisms, e.g., based on auctions, game theory, etc., for optimized resource allocation and use;
• cognitive cross layering, to allow the network to perceive conditions, decide and act autonomically to reach local/global/end-to-end goals in an optimal way, in cooperation with autonomic and self-organizing behavior of resources;
• grid Computing to better integrate different resources (computing storage and network and to integrate new ones (sensors., actuators, micromachinery, ...)
• Information centric networking to better collect and use the needed wanted data information
New Control Patterns: Publish – Subscribe Model
Google code: PubSUb Hubbub
New Control Patterns that exceed the client-server and the “network intelligence” models
• Transaction oriented processing
• PubSubR. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Information Centric Networking
30
Content Centric Networking A Self-Organizing Network That Meets Information NeedsWhat Is It?A new approach to networking that enables networks to self-organize and push relevant content where needed.Content-centric networking enables communication to happen anywhere, anytime, and with any device - using any available means.
http
://ww
w.x
ero
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om
/inn
ovatio
n/n
ew
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torie
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ork
ing
/en
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tml
4ward project: in this paradigm, the communication abstraction presented to applications is based on transfer of application data objects instead of the end-to-end reliable byte-stream used by the majority of applications today.
http
://ww
w.4
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-pro
ject.e
u/in
dex.p
hp
?id
=29
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
What Role and Architecture for Operators ?
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
A New Layering
32
TELECOM ITALIA
Infrastructure: Fibre everywhere Wireless Drop termination MultiTera in the Core Gbps in wired access,
10Mbps wireless Flat Architecture, IPv6 on
the core optical layer
Intelligence: Customer & Context
Awareness Service Platforms Overlay Networks Autonomic Behavior Resources Virtualization
Resources Pooling from several Ownership Domains
Resources Pooling from several Ownership Domains
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Operator’s Strategies
33
★ Service Provider
★ Service Enabler
★ BIT Carrier
TELECOM ITALIA
The Network Architecture is influenced by the Operator’s Strategy
Choose Your Role andYour Network
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
• Transport the data•in the better way for the customer
• Helping Customer in retrieving INFORMATION
• Ease the work of finding data and information, linking them into something meaningful and manage them
Be good to transport lots of bits
Build a Data oriented Platform (new networking + data handling) for others to use
Transform Data into Information and create plenty of services by means of meaningful interfaces
Bit Carrier
Platform Provider
Service Provider
A Bit CarrierNetwork
35
TELECOM ITALIA
Fiber Metro DWDM Core DWDM
SubscriberMngmt
AAA
Subscriber Access Aggregation Core
Business
Residential
Switch
Edge
IP CarrierIP Carrier
IXIX
ContentProviderContentProvidereNB
Addressing
Mobility
Identity
Monitoring
QoS / Policy
BillingFunctions
Layer 2 Carrier Transport
Layer 3 / IP
Generalized Control PlaneFocus onTRANSPORT
Few basicSERVICES
Control Platf.BASIC
Focus onTRANSPORT
Few basicSERVICES
Control Platf.BASIC
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
Service Enabler’sNetwork (a Network Operating System)
36
TELECOM ITALIA
Negotiation/BidAllocation/ Integration
Data Center IT/BSS/OSS
IP CarrierIP Carrier
IXIX
ContentProviderContentProvider
ExternalClouds
System APIs
Platform APIs
New Networking Models beyond IP
towards Information
Centric Networking
Fiber Metro DWDM Core DWDM
Subscriber Access Aggregation Core
Legacy
Switch
Edge
eNB
Layer 2 Carrier Transport
FastSwitching
Core
FastSwitching
Core
Information-centric EdgeInformation-centric Edge
• High Value Funct.by the NETWORK
• Information CentricNETWORK
• Beyond the CLIENT-SERVERmodel
• Customised levelsof API
• Control functions in the NETWORK
• New Communic. ModelsPUB-SUBSCRIBE
• Integration with other NETWORKS and TERMINALS
• High Value Funct.by the NETWORK
• Information CentricNETWORK
• Beyond the CLIENT-SERVERmodel
• Customised levelsof API
• Control functions in the NETWORK
• New Communic. ModelsPUB-SUBSCRIBE
• Integration with other NETWORKS and TERMINALS
...
AAAMOBILITY
Addressing
Layer 3 / IP
Virtualized Resource Control Plane (Network OS)Virtualized Resource Control Plane (Network OS)
Existing functionsExisting functions
processing
Storage ...
New functionsNew functionsMeta dati
Ab
stra
ctio
nA
bst
ract
ion
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
How The Network Could Look Like
Fixed (Fiber)
WirelessACCESS IP Platform
Optical Platform
Aggregation Edge Core
Customerowned:
Networks/NASes /
Routers /…
Customerowned:
Networks/NASes /
Routers /…
Customerowned:
Data Centers/Servers /
IT Resources /…
Customerowned:
Data Centers/Servers /
IT Resources /…
Complex Devices/Networks
CustomerOwned and
Shared:Terminals/
PCs/gateways/sensors/
Wifi / …
CustomerOwned and
Shared:Terminals/
PCs/gateways/sensors/
Wifi / …
General Control and Management (Zero Touch)
Overlays of autonomic virtualized components and Data
Virtualization Layer
Simple Devices/Networks
Telecom Services
Ecosystem of Services
Third Party Servics
Future Learning
RetailEvolution
EnterpriseProcesses
VirtualEnv.ss
Future ofEnergy
ServiceProvid
er
Service
Enabler
Bit Carrier
OtherResources
(not shared)
OtherResources
(not shared)
OtherPlarforms
OtherPlarforms
OtherService
EcoSystems
OtherService
EcoSystems
Shared and virtualized device/reource
Other resources
My 2 ¢ suggestions
What T.I. is doing• Working on alternative
models for dealing with personal data
• Working on a Network OS with open APIs
• Working on zero-touch networks (e.g., AFI)
• Working on ICN (European projects)
• Working on a new view of Identity
What should be done• Future Internet will be dominated by
Tussles: looking at networks and architecture with more user flavor (involving more user associations ?)
• Propose an open framework for Identity and related issues (profiling, data ownership,…)
• Push for a shift from bits to data and ICN
• A Great Initiative for User Controlled Network of Networks and Data ?
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre
39
Thank you!
Roberto Minerva
TORINO - Italy
Phone: +39 011 228 7027
Email: [email protected]
R. Minerva, Telecom Italia / Future Centre