Future challenges and research gaps Example of urban areas Alternative water resources Céline...
-
Upload
delilah-hamilton -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Future challenges and research gaps Example of urban areas Alternative water resources Céline...
Future challenges and research gapsExample of urban areasAlternative water resources
Céline Hervé-BazinWssTP
What is the WssTP?
The Water supply and sanitation Technology Platform, the WssTP, is a European collaboration between Industry, Research groups, Policy makers and Water users.
We are a European Technology Platform initiated in 2004 (Lisbon Agenda)
We worked as a NGO since 2007. It gave a legal structure to our network.
51 members, 142 contributing organisation, 450 persons…
from 28 countries
Main scientific contribution...
• Vision document in 2005.• Strategic Research Agenda in 2006, update in
progress. • Implementation document in 2007.
• Five Reports in 2008, scientific publication in 2009:•Managing rain events and flooding in urban areas•Asset Management for sustainable urban water•Supply Demand Balance & Public Participation•Alternative water resources•Sustainable Sludge Management in Urban Areas
• Six new reports planned for 2009: •Managed Aquifer Recharge•Climate Change•Costal Zones•Sensors & Monitoring•Irrigation•Water reuse
4 Global challenges
1/ Increasing water stress and water costsQuality and quantity issue
2/ Increasing urbanisationMaintain water infrastructures & manage water demand3/ Extreme climatic eventsFlood; drought; scarcity4/ Many rural and under-developed areasEasy, reliable and affordable technologies
How to link global challenges How to link global challenges
with network activities and our mission with network activities and our mission
to deliver vision and recommendations?to deliver vision and recommendations?
Pilot programmes
Organised in 6 pilot programmes on challenging topics:1. Mitigation of water stress in coastal zones2. Urban areas3. Sustainable management of agriculture4. Sustainable use of water in industry5. Reclamation of degraded zones6. Hydro climatic event
How does it work?
Sustainable water management inside and around large urban areas
Increasing urbanisation:
More than 50% of the population will live in urban areas. & Different issues related to size.
1. Flood and Rainfall management PREPARED
2. Asset Management
3. Balancing water demand with environment includes alternative water resources
4. Sludge, waste water and energy
5. Water treatment
6. Sensors
7. Pollution control
Led by M. Farrimond, UKWIR
ExampleExample
Sub-Group: Sub-Group: Alternative water resourcesAlternative water resources
Other resources than the traditional underground and Other resources than the traditional underground and
surface watersurface water
Water scarcity: a global issue
• Demography• today 6.7 billions people, about 10 billions 2050• Urbanisation (50% now, 80% in 2030)• Spacial and temporal pressure (coastal cities, tourism)
• Wealth increase• Agriculture: 70% water requirement• Industrialisation: 24% water requirement• Energy: >50% water abstraction for energy (F, B, DE, etc)• MGD: Reduce by half non-access to potable water by 2015
• Climate change• More extreme events• Regions with less precipitation
• World water needs• By 2025: 200 km3 storage capacity required• By 2050: 3 billions people suffering from water scarcity
Water scarcity and drought in Europe
February 2008: EU Report ‘Water Scarcity and Drought’• Water stress: affect 130 millions inhabitants
(30% of population in Europe)• Southern Europe• Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, UK
• Increased droughts in past 30 years, impacting 100 millions inhabitants (20%) in 4 events since 1989
• Over past 30 years: €100 billion cost to EU economy(€8.7 billion in 2003)
March 2008: EU Report ‘Climate change & international security’• Wikipedia: “Water scarcity” redirected to “Water politics and water
related conflicts”
March 2009: EEA Report ‘Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought’
Responses to water scarcity
Water scarcity = disparity between supply and demand= increasing competition on resources
1. Demand management (increase productivity) Advanced irrigation methods Water saving device Reduce non revenue water Public education, incentives
2. Allocation (phase out uses) … equity? Agriculture Industry Domestic Ecosystems and biodiversity
3. Supply management (alternative water resources)
Options for alternative water sources
Alternative water resource Solution
Saline waterSeawater, brackish / shallow groundwater
Desalination
Reclaimed waterMunicipal, industrial, domestic recylcingNon potable purposes, eco. enhancementDirect (?) / indirect potable use
Water reuse
RainwaterRoof, urban run-off, land run-off, atmospheric water harvesting
Rainwater harvesting
GroundwaterWater storage and recovery, ASR, bank filtration, infiltration, wetlands, …
Managed Aquifer Recharge
Water transportation Transbondary allocation
Direct Costs of Water Supply / Demand Options
Marsden Jacobs Assocc. For Dept. PM&C, Sydney, Adelaïde, Perth, Newcastle
Scope of Work
5 Topics identified for working group1. Desalination2. Water reuse3. Rain water harvesting4. Managed Aquifer Recharge5. Cross-topic issues
R&D on alternative water resources to provide tools for addressing urban Water Scarcity in Europe from the supply side in complementarity to efforts done on demand side
In water-stress areas, more efforts will be devoted to looking for non-conventional resources.
Public health, consumer requirements and environmental issues will be the main issues to solve
Development in accordance with the uses and the regulations.
Main recommendations
• Social, economical and environmental impacts and benefits of water demand and supply management options at catchment scale
• Adaptation of design and mix of supplies to global changes in large conurbation areas• Socio-economic and regulatory framework for rainwater harvesting and management (RWHM)• Development of Eco-Roof Technologies for future sustainable buildings• Market survey ‘EU wide saline water resources’• Vision Desalination 2030 -1 kWh/m3• Minimization of environmental impacts of brackish and seawater desalination facilities• Recycling of municipal effluents for municipal and industrial purposes with adapted hybrid technologies
Find out our recommendations on urban areas
Thank for your attention!www.wsstp.eu