Fundamentals of Inclusive Fundamentals of Inclusive PracticePractice

Ed Orszulak, Ph. D.Ed Orszulak, Ph. D.

Common SenseCommon Sense

Kids only get what they Kids only get what they needneed!!

Scope…Scope…

Continuum of Service…Continuum of Service…

Comprehensive Comprehensive Instruction…Instruction…

How can I be all things to all How can I be all things to all children???children???

How do I cover everything???How do I cover everything???

““He’s going to take French!?!” (He’s going to take French!?!” (Is that Is that different from Art, Gym, Tech, ???)different from Art, Gym, Tech, ???)

Standards…Standards…

Standards are Standards are differentiateddifferentiated…not …not lower.lower.

Jump through a few hoops…Jump through a few hoops…

““We need to ease them into the We need to ease them into the general education setting! (???).”general education setting! (???).”

Consider this… do weConsider this… do we

- Ease them into the Mall???- Ease them into the Mall???

- Ease them into the Movies???- Ease them into the Movies???

- Ease them into the Restaurants???- Ease them into the Restaurants???

- Ease them into - Ease them into School ProgramsSchool Programs??????

Balance…Balance…

Social, Organizational, and Academic Social, Organizational, and Academic PerformancePerformance

Needs…Needs…

Supplemental Aids and Services…Supplemental Aids and Services…

“…“…aids, services, and other supports aids, services, and other supports that are provided in regular education that are provided in regular education environments or other/similar environments or other/similar education related settings…”education related settings…”

Change is good…Change is good…

Supplementary aids and services may Supplementary aids and services may include modifications in:include modifications in:

- Instructional techniques and - Instructional techniques and strategies.strategies.

- Social or behavioral supports and - Social or behavioral supports and planningplanning- Staff supports- Staff supports- Alternative assessment processes- Alternative assessment processes- Educational environment- Educational environment

Support…Support…

Environment:Environment:

Seating locationSeating location

Study area, distraction free zoneStudy area, distraction free zone

Design for movement and spaceDesign for movement and space

Organized processes for space and Organized processes for space and materialmaterial

Modifications…Modifications…

InstructionalInstructional……

Sensitivity to individual Sensitivity to individual stylestyle

One-to-one instructionOne-to-one instruction

Action oriented activity (hands-on)Action oriented activity (hands-on)

Supportive visual and/or verbal cues, Supportive visual and/or verbal cues, prompts and instructionsprompts and instructions

Behavior…Behavior…

Teach Social Skills!Teach Social Skills!

RespectRespect

ConnectionsConnections

RelationshipsRelationships

Supports…Supports…

Staff:Staff:

TrainingTraining

Change SeminarsChange Seminars

On-going opportunity for On-going opportunity for collaboration collaboration between regular and between regular and special education staff.special education staff.

Assessments…Assessments…

Accommodations…Accommodations…

Allow for conversation, explanation, Allow for conversation, explanation, and and dictationdictation

Time modifications and adaptationsTime modifications and adaptations

ReadersReaders

Modify/shorten required responsesModify/shorten required responses

Highlight critical directions and Highlight critical directions and instructionsinstructions

The “Big” Idea…The “Big” Idea…

All All students should be exposed to the students should be exposed to the “Big Idea”“Big Idea”

ConversationConversation

DiscussionDiscussion

ApplicationApplication

AnticipationAnticipation

PredictionPrediction

SynthesisSynthesis

Meaningful Instructional Meaningful Instructional ActivityActivity

CollaborationCollaboration

Parental InvolvementParental Involvement

Cooperative GroupsCooperative Groups

Peer MentorsPeer Mentors

Flexible GroupsFlexible Groups

Multiple Alternative Methods of Multiple Alternative Methods of AssessmentAssessment

Opportunities to leadOpportunities to lead

Inclusive settings…Inclusive settings…

It’s not a place (where?), it’s a It’s not a place (where?), it’s a setting/experience (how?).setting/experience (how?).

Successful challengeSuccessful challenge

Person-centeredPerson-centered

DoableDoable

(Modify Content, Process, and (Modify Content, Process, and Product based on meaningful and Product based on meaningful and purposive work.)purposive work.)

Universal Design for Universal Design for Learning…Learning…CurriculumCurriculum,,

Method of InstructionMethod of Instruction, and, andAssessmentAssessment……

……designed to reach as many designed to reach as many different different learners as possible.learners as possible.

((note: Remember that note: Remember that instruction instruction is in the is in the three domains…social, organizational, three domains…social, organizational, and academicand academic.).)

Universal Design for Universal Design for Learning…Learning…Multiple, flexible methods of presenting Multiple, flexible methods of presenting

instruction. instruction.

Oral,Oral,

Visual,Visual,

Multi-media,Multi-media,

Hands – on,Hands – on,

Individual, andIndividual, and

Group (and there are Group (and there are manymany more!)more!)

Universal Design for Universal Design for Learning…Learning…Multiple differentiated methods of expression, Multiple differentiated methods of expression,

articulation, and illustration of thought and articulation, and illustration of thought and idea.idea.

ConstructionConstructionDrawingDrawingMultiple choiceMultiple choiceWriting (skit, song, poem, story, letter)Writing (skit, song, poem, story, letter)Public speakingPublic speakingVideo productionVideo productionGuest speakerGuest speaker

Universal Design for Universal Design for Learning…Learning…Options for engagement and re-Options for engagement and re-

engagement…engagement…

ExplorationExploration

WonderWonder

InvestigationInvestigation

NoveltyNovelty

FamiliarityFamiliarity

Repetition/memoryRepetition/memory

Inclusive settings…critical Inclusive settings…critical attributesattributes

ReflectionReflection

InnovationInnovation

Risk/ChallengeRisk/Challenge

Individualization/IndependenceIndividualization/Independence

Fairness/Equality/Access to OpportunityFairness/Equality/Access to Opportunity

Natural Natural SupportsSupports

Recognition, Endorsement of StrengthRecognition, Endorsement of Strength

AttentionAttention

Person-centeredness…Person-centeredness…

Fairness???Fairness???

Equality???Equality???

- Why???-- Why???-

Equal Access to Equal Access to Opportunity!!!Opportunity!!!

Supports…Supports…

Natural: Natural: “…what are the supports that “…what are the supports that are “naturally” available to the are “naturally” available to the individual????individual????

- peers- peers

- family- family

- community- community

- school- school

Summary…Summary…

No PityNo Pity (J. Shapiro) (J. Shapiro)

- Person-centered- Person-centered

- Access to Opportunity- Access to Opportunity

- Multiple/Alternative - Multiple/Alternative Assessments Assessments

- Challenge- Challenge

- Success and Achievement- Success and Achievement

- Thomas Jefferson- Thomas Jefferson

““There is nothing as unequal as the There is nothing as unequal as the equal treatment of un-equals.”equal treatment of un-equals.”