Fundamental Particle Ppt Finished

8/9/2019 Fundamental Particle Ppt Finished

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Fundamental

Particles


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F a e tal particles are the

b il i g blocks of atter


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F r many

years t e

definiti n ffundamental

articles as

c anged

CHANGE


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Before it was a whole ato


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After ards it c anged t r t ns


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Neutr ns


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And Electr ns


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A fundamental articles is a

article kn n t ave n

su structure


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Or it exists


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Or it d esnt


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Finally t e definiti n f

fundamnetal article as reec ed

d n as


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Quarks


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Quarks are t e

uilding l cks fmatter


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Quarks are

divided u in 6

kinds r flav urs


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UpQuark


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UpQuark D n Quark


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UpQuark D n Quark C arm Quark


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Strange Quark


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Strange Quark T pQuark


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Strange Quark T pQuark B tt m Quark


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Lepto s


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Lept ns are fundamentalparticlest at ave n

str ng interacti ns


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Electr ns and P sitr ns

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The electr n is theleast assive

chargedparticle fanytype.


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Itisabsol telystablebeca

seco servatio ofe erg

ya

electricchargetogetherf

orbi a y ecay.

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T e antiparticle f t e electr n iscalled a

positron

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T e ppositesignforitselectricc arge =

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However, electro apositro s ca

a ihilatewhe they

eet. Both the

electro a the

positro tra sfor th

e selfsi tophoto s

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Viceversa very strong photons can produce

electros and positrons

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++

-

+


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Muo s


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The

negativelycharged

muon (mu-minus)

is just likean

electron,

exceptitis more

massive.

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Muons are unsta le = theydecay

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The antiparticleof a mu-minusis a mu-plus.

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Muons are produced in

particlephysicsexperiments. Theyalso are

produced ycosmicrays.


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Becausethey areuch ore assive

tha electro s,

uo srea ily pass

through the

electricfiel s i si e

atterwithverylittl

e eflectio .

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Tau Leptons

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The tau-minusis a electron-likeparticle


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Theseparticleswere iscovere at SL C i

experi e ts at S EAR. The 1995 Noble rize

Marti L. erlwasawar e forthis iscovery.

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Thisthir typeofcha

rge lepto isalso

unstable.

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There are

severalpossi le aysf orittodecayForExampleit

can decayinto :

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An Electron


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There are

severalpossiblewaysforitto ecayForExa pleit

can ecayinto :

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An Electron An um- minus

muon


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There are


can ecayinto :

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muon

Down Quark


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There are


can ecayinto :

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muon

Down Quark Strange Quark


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Neutrinos


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There are

threetypesofNeutrinos.

All are similardo to thefact that they dont

participate in strong

interaction

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Neutrinos

Electron


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However, neutrinosdifferfromelectrons in

thattheyhave zero electriccharge and, as far

asweknowtoday, zero mass

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Mass of

Neutrino= 0.0000000000000002m


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Gauge Bosons


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Gaugebosons are

osonicicparticlesthatactascarriersof thefundamentalforcesof nature.


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ere

Are typesofGaugeBosons

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Photons


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W and Z osons


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Gluons

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EachGuageBosoncorresondsto a

particlularinteraction

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Photons W and

ZBosons

Gluons

Electromagneticin

teraction

Weakinteraction Strong

interaction


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Despite the modern technology of

today we are not a le to e sure

that Fundamental or Elementary

particles are truly structure less


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History


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Research in the field of

particle science has

begun since

ancientGreece


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Philosefers asLecippus, Democritus and Epicurus

studied the essence of matter


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Throughhistory it has een influenced y

Indians, Europeans Americans till arriving now to


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The Standard Model


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CarrersConnectedtoFunda ental a

rticles:


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Scientist


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Physicist


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Philosopher


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Astronomer


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Teacher


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FundamentalParticles are verycomplex and hard

tounderstand and perhapsthey are of no

useforordinary people in theirdaily life

utasmanyanotherthings the make up the

knowledgeofhumankind


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K

nowledgeispower

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William Alexander

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