Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation

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Fundamental interpersonal relations orientation

Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO) is a theory of interpersonal relations,

introduced by William Schutz in 1958. This theory mainly eplains the interpersonal under!orld of a

small "roup. The theory is based on the belief that !hen people "et to"ether in a "roup, there are

three main interpersonal needs they are loo#in" to obtain $ affection%openness, control and

inclusion. Schutz de&eloped a measurin" instrument that contains si scales of nine'item uestions

that he called *+'-. This techniue !as created to measure or control ho! "roup members feel

!hen it comes to inclusion, control, and affection%openness or to be able to "et feedbac# from

people in a "roup. nli#e many instruments used to eamine human interaction beha&iors, and

needs, the *+'- is and !as etremely &alid internally and eternally usin" inferential statistics.

/lso, !hile no one #no!s eactly the 0-0 !as thou"ht to mean either beha&iors, or it !as &ersion -.

*t is "reatly useful to utilize on future mana"ers, and employees, and from their trainin", !or#shops,

and%or a!areness can impro&e the indi&idual, and "roups of the or"anization. astly, colle"e

students o&erall, test uite hi"h in 2ontrol. The reason most people "o to colle"e is so that is more

li#ely the !ill ha&e less bosses, or be one, thus satisfyin" their need for control.

Description3edit4

These cate"ories measure ho! much interaction a person !ants in the areas of socializin",

leadership and responsibilities, and more intimate personal relations. lement'- (former #no!n as

6*+'-6) !as created, based on this theory, a measurement instrument !ith scales that assess the

beha&ioral aspects of the three dimensions. Scores are "raded from 7$9 in scales

of expressed and wanted beha&ior, !hich define ho! much a person epresses to others, and ho!

much he !ants from others. Schutz belie&ed that *+ scores in themsel&es !ere not terminal, and

can and do chan"e, and did not encoura"e typolo"y ho!e&er, the four temperaments !ere

e&entually mapped to the lement'- (former #no!n as 6*+'-6) scales, !hich led to the creation of

a theory of fi&e temperaments.

Schutz himself discussed the impact of etreme beha&ior in the areas of inclusion, control, and

openness as indicated by scores on the *+'- (and the later lement'-). or each area of

interpersonal need the follo!in" three types of beha&ior !ould be e&ident (1) deficient, (:)

ecessi&e, and (;) ideal.


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Schutz composed a 0=atri of +ele&ant *nterpersonal uttin" them to"ether, Schutz came up !ith fifteen 0


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2ountersocial +ebellious 2ounterpersonal

i#h e* low w&ersocial

2ountersocial

/utocrat

+ebellious

&erpersonal

2ounterpersonal

hi#h e and w&ersocial

Social'compliant

/utocrat

Submissi&e

&erpersonal

>ersonal'compliant

low e* hi#h wndersocial

Social'compliant

/bdicrat

Submissi&e

nderpersonal

>ersonal'compliant

moderate e and w Social ersonal

*n 19AA, a clinical psycholo"ist !ho !or#ed !ith lement'- (former *+'-), hle"matic 2holeric

i#h e*

low w

?o! Bou See

@im, ?o! Bou

=ission *mpossible *ma"e%(=as#)

of *ntimacy

2holeric

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Self-Confident&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholerichttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Self-Confident&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choleric


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hle"matic %

2holeric >hle"matic

hi#h e

and w

>eople Catherer

(formerly, 0Where

are the >eopleD0)


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often dependent, and ha&e simply learned to tolerate control from others. This a"ain, reflects *+6s

belief that these scores reflect learned beha&ior. *n fi&e temperament theory, no such distinction

bet!een the sees is reco"nized, and hi"h !anted scores in 2ontrol are seen as an

inborn dependency need in both sees.

'ompati+ilit! Theor!3edit4

/nother part of the theory is 0compatibility theory0, !hich features the roles

of ori#inator , reciprocal, and interchan#e.3;4

Ori#inator compati+ilit!, in&ol&es possible clashes bet!een epressed and !anted beha&iors. The

eample "i&en, is t!o people !ith hi"h e2 and lo! !2 (a#a 0=ission *mpossible0 or 0/utocrat

+ebellious0). They 0!ill both !ant to ori"inate the beha&iors associated !ith the 2ontrol needs, and

neither !ill !ant to recei&e those beha&iors. -oth persons !ill !ant to set the a"enda, ta#e

responsibility, and direct and structure the actions of others neither !ill feel comfortable ta#in"

direction. The result could be competition or e&en conflict.0

Reciprocal compati+ilit! is (from another eample "i&en from 2ontrol), !here hi"h e2 !ith lo! !2

interacts !ith the opposite lo! e2 !ith hi"h !2 (0penly >arental +elationships and lement r"anizational

2limate. Since 198G, these instruments ha&e been #no!n collecti&ely as lements of

/!areness. Element B differs in epandin" the definitions of *nclusion, 2ontrol, and /ffection

(renamed 0penness0), into an additional si scores to measure ho! much a person wants to

include, control, and be close to others, and ho! muchother people include, control, and li#e to be

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_needhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_needhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental_interpersonal_relations_orientation&action=edit&section=3


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close to the client. 0pressed0 is renamed "See" (current beha&iors) !hile 0Want0 remains desired

beha&iors. ach of the three areas is split into "Do" (initiatin" interaction !ith others) and "-et"(the

le&el recei&ed from others).


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&anted Affection J;1KKK 7: 1AKKK 7A

$lement / Scales $I SN TF 0

* include people .1234 1534 1564 .78

* !ant to include people .1,,4 .79 1754 .78

>eople include me .12,4 1524 '.7: .11

* !ant people to include me .1734 .79 '.7A .71

* control people .1,84 .1G .15,4 .7:

* !ant to control people '.1;K .7G '.78 .75

>eople control me '.11 .77 1594 .71

* !ant people to control me '.7F '.7F .1: .7;

* am open !ith people .15,4 15:4 17:4 .7A

* !ant to be open !ith people .1784 1774 1734 .7:

>eople are open !ith me .17,4 1224 1564 .1:


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* !ant people to be open !ith me .1754 1734 1774 .7A

FIRO./ and ;/TI 'orrelations

K p L .75

KK p L .71

KKK p L .771

?e"ati&e correlations associated !ith , S, T and I.

>ositi&e correlations associated !ith *, ?, and >.

$lement / and ;/TI 'orrelations

K*ndicates statistical si"nificance

Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation

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