Functioning of computer

Name:- Sunipa Bera.

Introduction

Computer A computer is an electronic device that can perform a

variety of operations in accordance with a set of

instruction s called programs.

Data vs. InformationData Information

Data in computer terminology mean raw facts and figures.

Information data aggregated and summarized in various meaningful ways to form information.

Data are processed to form information

Information are processed to form meaningful data.

For e.g. A, 1, Aachal, 2016,class. For e.g. In 2016 Aachal was topper of our class.

NoteData are raw facts whereas information is meaningful data

Functioning of computer

Input Process Output

Thing(s) to work upon

The actual work taking place

The result

Making Batter for the cake

Putting it in oven Icing the cake

NoteEvery task follows this Input- Process- Output

cycle (IPO cycle in short)

Functional Components of a Computer

InputUnit

Central processingUnit (CPU)

OutputUnit

Main Memory

Input Unit

• The input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer.• Example of input device an medias are: Keyboard,

mouse, Magnetic ink Charter reader (MICR), Optical mark Reader (OMR), Optical Charter Reader (OCR), joystick, etc.

Output Unit

• The output unit is formed by the output devices attached to the computer.•Examples of output units devices are: monitors, printer, plotter, speakers, etc.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• The CPU unit is the control center for the computer.• The CPU has components which are responsible for

different functions. -Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)- The ALU performs all the four arithmetical (+,-,*,/) and some logical (<,>,=,<=,>=,< >) operations. -Control Unit (CU)- The CU controls and guides the interpretation, flow and manipulation of alldata and information. -Memory Unit (MU)- The MU is the datacan be stored in the storage unit that in which storage capacity is expressed in thebytes.

Memory Memory of computer can be thought of as ‘cells’. Each of these cells is broken down into smaller parts called bits. A bit is a binary digit .i.e. either 0 or 1.A bit is an elementary unit of memory. Eight bits together from a byte.One byte is the smallest unit which can represent a data character. Others unit of memory are KB, MB, GB, TB, etc.

Unit Short Name Full Name1 bit Bit Binary Digit8 Bits 1 Byte Byte1O24 Bytes 1 KB Kilo Byte1024 KB 1 MB Mega Byte1024 MB 1 GB Giga Byte1024 GB 1 TB Terra Byte1024 TB 1 PB Peta Byte1024 PB 1 EB Exa Byte1024 EB 1 ZB Zetta Byte1024 ZB 1 YB Yotta Byte1024 YB 1 Bronto Byte Bronto Byte1024 Bronto Bytes

1 Geop Byte Geop Byte

Memory’s of Computer

Thank you