Different responses of MODIS-derived NDVI to root-zone soil ...
Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque ›...
Transcript of Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque ›...
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Functional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting in the boreal forest
Laurent ROUSSEAU Tanya HANDA (UQÀM) & Lisa VENIER (SCF - NRCan)
3 May 2014
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Context:
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Context:
• Ecological & socioeconomic importance of Canadian boreal forest (e.g. timber)
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Context:
• Ecological & socioeconomic importance of Canadian boreal forest (e.g. timber)
• Strong forestry pressure & energy demand increasing have impacts on ecological functioning & biotic communities of forests
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Context:
• Ecological & socioeconomic importance of Canadian boreal forest (e.g. timber)
• Strong forestry pressure & energy demand increasing have impacts on ecological functioning & biotic communities of forests
• Sustainable management for certification (e.g. Forest Stewardship Council)
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Context:
• Potential use of residual biomass for bioenergy
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Context:
• Potential use of residual biomass for bioenergy
• Residual biomass = branches, stumps & smaller woody debris left on the ground after clear-cutting
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Context:
• Potential use of residual biomass for bioenergy
• Residual biomass = branches, stumps & smaller woody debris left on the ground after clear-cutting
• Different treatments of residual biomass harvesting with associated disturbances
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Context:
• Potential use of residual biomass for bioenergy
• Residual biomass = branches, stumps & smaller woody debris left on the ground after clear-cutting
• Different treatments of residual biomass harvesting with associated disturbances
• Impacts on soil fauna communities via the residual biomass loss?
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Context:
Soil Collembola communities:
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Context:
Soil Collembola communities:
• More than 500 species in Canada
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Context:
Soil Collembola communities:
• More than 500 species in Canada
• 50-100.000 ind. & 20-40 species by m2 of boreal forest soil with moss layers
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Context:
Soil Collembola communities:
• More than 500 species in Canada
• 50-100.000 ind. & 20-40 species by m2 of boreal forest soil with moss layers
• Significantly influenced by soil environmental conditions (e.g. humidity)
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Context:
Soil Collembola communities:
• More than 500 species in Canada
• 50-100.000 ind. & 20-40 species by m2 of boreal forest soil with moss layers
• Significantly influenced by soil environmental conditions (e.g. humidity)
• Essential for soil ecological processes (e.g. litter decomposition)
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Context:
Soil Collembola communities:
• More than 500 species in Canada
• 50-100.000 ind. & 20-40 species by m2 of boreal forest soil with moss layers
• Significantly influenced by soil environmental conditions (e.g. humidity)
• Essential for soil ecological processes (e.g. litter decomposition)
• Residual biomass as soil cover provides a high diversity of ecological niches
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Functional approach using response traits:
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Functional approach using response traits:
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
Modified community
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
Environmental filter (biotic & abiotic)
Modified community
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
Body size
Pigmentation ...
Trait i
Modified community
Environmental filter (biotic & abiotic)
Community mean value of traits
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Functional approach using response traits:
Local community
Body size
Pigmentation ...
Trait i
Modified community
Changes in mean trait values?
Body size
Pigmentation ...
Trait i
Community mean value of traits
Environmental filter (biotic & abiotic)
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Objectives:
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Different treatments of the residual biomass harvesting
Objectives:
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Modifications of environmental conditions
Different treatments of the residual biomass harvesting
Objectives:
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Modifications of environmental conditions
Functional responses of soil Collembola communities?
Different treatments of the residual biomass harvesting
Objectives:
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Experimental design & methods:
• Experimental site of Island Lake
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Experimental design & methods:
• Experimental site of Island Lake
• 45 years old stand of Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) harvested in 2011
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Experimental design & methods:
• Experimental site of Island Lake
• 45 years old stand of Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) harvested in 2011
• Implementation of several harvesting treatments
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Control (CTL)
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
Control (CTL)
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
Tree-length (T)
Control (CTL)
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
Tree-length (T)
Control (CTL) Woody debris = 84 m3 ha-1
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
29 m3 ha-1
Tree-length (T)
Full-tree (F)
Control (CTL) Woody debris = 84 m3 ha-1
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
29 m3 ha-1
Tree-length (T)
Full-tree (F)
Control (CTL)
Traditional
Woody debris = 84 m3 ha-1
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
29 m3 ha-1
24 m3 ha-1
Tree-length (T)
Full-tree (F)
Stumped (S)
Control (CTL)
Traditional
Woody debris = 84 m3 ha-1
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Gradient of biomass harvesting & disturbance
with 5 treatments
Clear cutting
29 m3 ha-1 0 m3 ha-1
24 m3 ha-1
Tree-length (T)
Full-tree (F)
Stumped (S)
Bladed (B)
Control (CTL)
Traditional
Woody debris = 84 m3 ha-1
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5 blocks as replicates
1
2 3
4 5
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Sampling:
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Sampling:
One sampling campaign: May 2014
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Sampling:
One sampling campaign: May 2014
• 2 soil cores per plot
Soil Collembola
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Sampling:
One sampling campaign: May 2014
• 2 soil cores per plot
• + 2 moss samples per CTL plot
Soil Collembola
Moss Collembola
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Sampling:
One sampling campaign: May 2014
• 2 soil cores per plot
• + 2 moss samples per CTL plot
Soil Collembola
Moss Collembola
Extraction
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Sampling:
One sampling campaign: May 2014
• 2 soil cores per plot
• + 2 moss samples per CTL plot
• N = 25 sampling points
(samples grouped)
Soil Collembola
Moss Collembola
Extraction & ID
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Measure of environmental factors:
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Measure of environmental factors:
• Soil & mosses relative humidity
• Soil temperature
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Measure of environmental factors:
• Soil & mosses relative humidity
• Soil temperature
• Soil profile & density (compaction)
• Soil chemical fertility
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Measure of environmental factors:
• Soil & mosses relative humidity
• Soil temperature
• Soil profile & density (compaction)
• Soil chemical fertility
• Soil herbaceous vegetation cover
& diversity
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Measure of environmental factors:
• Soil & mosses relative humidity
• Soil temperature
• Soil profile & density (compaction)
• Soil chemical fertility
• Soil herbaceous vegetation cover
& diversity
• Fine/coarse woody debris volume
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Body shape ratio
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative furcula length
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
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Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative furcula length
Scales
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 61: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Scales
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 62: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Body pigmentation
Scales
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 63: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Body pigmentation
PAO
Scales
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 64: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative antenna length
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Body pigmentation
PAO
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
Scales
![Page 65: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative antenna length
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Body pigmentation
PAO
Scales
Mouthpart structure
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 66: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative antenna length
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Ocelli number
Body pigmentation
PAO
Scales
Mouthpart structure
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 67: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Measure of Collembola functional traits:
Body length
Body width
Relative antenna length
Relative furcula length
Relative leg
length
Ocelli number
Body pigmentation
PAO
Scales
Mouthpart structure
+ Reproduction mode
Body shape ratio
Bothriotricha
![Page 68: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Determination of ecological preferences:
![Page 69: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Determination of ecological preferences: • Microhabitat: euedaphic (soil-dwelling) / hemiedaphic / epiedaphic (surface-dwelling) taxa
(life-form) via body length, ocelli number, pigmentation level & PAO
![Page 70: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Determination of ecological preferences: • Microhabitat: euedaphic (soil-dwelling) / hemiedaphic / epiedaphic (surface-dwelling) taxa
(life-form) via body length, ocelli number, pigmentation level & PAO
• Dispersal capacity: low / high
via relative antenna & leg length & ocelli number
![Page 71: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Determination of ecological preferences: • Microhabitat: euedaphic (soil-dwelling) / hemiedaphic / epiedaphic (surface-dwelling) taxa
(life-form) via body length, ocelli number, pigmentation level & PAO
• Dispersal capacity: low / high
via relative antenna & leg length & ocelli number
![Page 72: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Hypotheses:
![Page 73: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Functional attribute
Function
Body length Use of food resources
Rel. furcula length Predation avoidance
Scales
Rel. antenna length Detection of soil surface chemical &
physical conditions Bothriotricha
Ocelli number
Rel. leg length Spatial displacement
Body pigmentation Light protection & body temperature
Sexual reproduction Colonization by dispersal
Mouthpart structure complexity
Food ressources complexity (quantity & diversity)
Hypotheses:
![Page 74: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Functional attribute
Function Values in
no/low-intense harvest Values in
high-intense harvests
Body length Use of food resources
Due to: +++ food resources supply &
complexity +++ predation
+++ soil humidity & cover +++ complex microhabitats
+++ sexual partners - - - soil temperature
Due to: - - - less food resources
supply & complexity - - - predation
- - - soil humidity & cover - - - complex microhabitats
- - - sexual partners +++ soil temperature
Rel. furcula length Predation avoidance
Scales
Rel. antenna length Detection of soil surface chemical &
physical conditions Bothriotricha
Ocelli number
Rel. leg length Spatial displacement
Body pigmentation Light protection & body temperature
Sexual reproduction Colonization by dispersal
Mouthpart structure complexity
Food ressources complexity (quantity & diversity)
Hypotheses:
![Page 75: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Functional attribute
Function Values in
no/low-intense harvest Values in
high-intense harvests
Body length Use of food resources
Due to: +++ food resources supply &
complexity +++ predation
+++ soil humidity & cover +++ complex microhabitats
+++ sexual partners - - - soil temperature
Due to: - - - less food resources
supply & complexity - - - predation
- - - soil humidity & cover - - - complex microhabitats
- - - sexual partners +++ soil temperature
Rel. furcula length Predation avoidance
Scales
Rel. antenna length Detection of soil surface chemical &
physical conditions Bothriotricha
Ocelli number
Rel. leg length Spatial displacement
Body pigmentation Light protection & body temperature
Sexual reproduction Colonization by dispersal
Mouthpart structure complexity
Food ressources complexity (quantity & diversity)
Body shape ratio Soil spatial displacement Due to:
- - - soil compaction life-form equilibrium
Due to:
+++ soil compaction euedaphic taxa dominant
PAO Detection of soil-dwelling chemical &
physical conditions
Hypotheses:
![Page 76: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Functional attribute
Function Values in
no/low-intense harvest Values in
high-intense harvests
Body length Use of food resources
Due to: +++ food resources supply &
complexity +++ predation
+++ soil humidity & cover +++ complex microhabitats
+++ sexual partners - - - soil temperature
Due to: - - - less food resources
supply & complexity - - - predation
- - - soil humidity & cover - - - complex microhabitats
- - - sexual partners +++ soil temperature
Rel. furcula length Predation avoidance
Scales
Rel. antenna length Detection of soil surface chemical &
physical conditions Bothriotricha
Ocelli number
Rel. leg length Spatial displacement
Body pigmentation Light protection & body temperature
Sexual reproduction Colonization by dispersal
Mouthpart structure complexity
Food ressources complexity (quantity & diversity)
Body shape ratio Soil spatial displacement Due to:
- - - soil compaction life-form equilibrium
Due to:
+++ soil compaction euedaphic taxa dominant
PAO Detection of soil-dwelling chemical &
physical conditions
Hypotheses:
Microhabitat Ecological processes by soil strata More epi-hemiedaphic taxa Only euedaphic taxa
Dispersal capacity Colonization / recolonization
![Page 77: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Functional attribute
Function Values in
no/low-intense harvest Values in
high-intense harvests
Body length Use of food resources
Due to: +++ food resources supply &
complexity +++ predation
+++ soil humidity & cover +++ complex microhabitats
+++ sexual partners - - - soil temperature
Due to: - - - less food resources
supply & complexity - - - predation
- - - soil humidity & cover - - - complex microhabitats
- - - sexual partners +++ soil temperature
Rel. furcula length Predation avoidance
Scales
Rel. antenna length Detection of soil surface chemical &
physical conditions Bothriotricha
Ocelli number
Rel. leg length Spatial displacement
Body pigmentation Light protection & body temperature
Sexual reproduction Colonization by dispersal
Mouthpart structure complexity
Food ressources complexity (quantity & diversity)
Body shape ratio Soil spatial displacement Due to:
- - - soil compaction life-form equilibrium
Due to:
+++ soil compaction euedaphic taxa dominant
PAO Detection of soil-dwelling chemical &
physical conditions
Hypotheses:
Diversity Soil ecological processes
Microhabitat Ecological processes by soil strata More epi-hemiedaphic taxa Only euedaphic taxa
Dispersal capacity Colonization / recolonization
![Page 78: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Data analyses:
![Page 79: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Data analyses:
1) RLQ analysis: coinertia between R matrix (treatments / environmental factors) & Q matrix (functional traits / preferences) weighted by L matrix (taxa abundances)
![Page 80: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Data analyses:
1) RLQ analysis: coinertia between R matrix (treatments / environmental factors) & Q matrix (functional traits / preferences) weighted by L matrix (taxa abundances)
2) Fourth-corner analysis: tests the associations between traits & treatments / environmental factors
![Page 81: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Data analyses:
1) RLQ analysis: coinertia between R matrix (treatments / environmental factors) & Q matrix (functional traits / preferences) weighted by L matrix (taxa abundances)
2) Fourth-corner analysis: tests the associations between traits & treatments / environmental factors
3) Functional diversity (Rao quadratic entropy ~ taxa relative abundances & dissimilarity between taxa by traits) according to the harvesting treatments
![Page 82: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Results:
![Page 83: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Results:
• 2555 specimens identified
• 37 species found
• 557 specimens used to measure functional traits & preferences
![Page 84: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Functional response according to the harvesting treatments:
![Page 85: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Functional response according to the harvesting treatments:
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
Control
Tree-length
Full-tree
Stumped
Bladed
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Axis 1 = 78.37 %
RLQ Traits Matrix correlation coefficient (RV) = 0.41***
Axe 2 = 17.34 %
![Page 86: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
Control
Tree-length
Full-tree
Stumped
Bladed
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Axe 1 = 17.34 %
Axis 1 = 78.37 %
Control treatment: + sexual reproduction & hemiedaphic taxa (PAO & BOP) - “slender” body shape
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
Axe 2 = 17.34 %
![Page 87: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
Control
Tree-length
Full-tree
Stumped
Bladed
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Axe 2 = 17.34 %
Axis 1 = 78.37 %
Stumped treatment: + complex mouthparts
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
![Page 88: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
Control
Tree-length
Full-tree
Stumped
Bladed
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Axe 2 = 17.34 %
Axis 1 = 78.37 %
Bladed treatment: + “slender” body shape - sexual reproduction, antenna length & complex mouthparts
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
![Page 89: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
RLQ Preferences RV = 0.22**
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
Bladed Control
Full-tree
Stumped Tree-length
Axis 1 = 83.04 %
Axis 2 = 11.84 %
![Page 90: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Control treatment: + dispersal capacity & hemiedaphic taxa
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
Bladed Control
Full-tree
Stumped Tree-length
Axis 1 = 83.04 %
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
Axis 2 = 11.84 %
![Page 91: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Bladed treatment: + euedaphic taxa / - dispersal capacity & hemiedaphic taxa
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
Bladed Control
Full-tree
Stumped Tree-length
Axis 1 = 83.04 %
Axis 2 = 11.84 %
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
![Page 92: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Lowest functional diversity in the Bladed (B)
Functional diversity
![Page 93: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Relations to modifications of environmental factors:
![Page 94: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Axis 2 = 15.69 %
RLQ Traits RV = 0.63*
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
BD
CWD_Volume FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H
Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover
Axis 1 = 80.57 %
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
![Page 95: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Axis 2 = 15.69 %
Bulk density (soil compaction): + “slender” body shape / - complex mouthparts
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
BD
CWD_Volume FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H
Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover
Axis 1 = 80.57 %
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
![Page 96: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Axis 2 = 15.69 %
Organic layer depth: + complex mouthparts
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
BD
CWD_Volume FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H
Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover
Axis 1 = 80.57 %
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
![Page 97: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Axis 2 = 15.69 %
Vegetation cover: + body length, sexual reproduction & complex mouthparts
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
BD
CWD_Volume FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H
Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover
Axis 1 = 80.57 %
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
![Page 98: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Axis 2 = 15.69 %
Fine woody debris volume: + complex mouthparts
BL
BSR
RAL
ON BOP
SP
PAO
MPS
SRS
BD
CWD_Volume FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H
Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover
Axis 1 = 80.57 %
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
BL = Body length BSR = Body shape ratio RAL = Relative antenna length ON = Number of ocelli BOP = Bothriotricha present SP = Scales present PAO = PAO present MPS = Mouthpart structure SRS = Sexual reproduction strategy
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
![Page 99: Functional responses of soil Collembola … › ... › Colloque › Colloque2016_LaurentRousseau.pdfFunctional responses of soil Collembola communities to woody debris harvesting](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060413/5f114b04fb752751877a4f20/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
RLQ Preferences RV = 0.33*
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
BD CWD_Volume
FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover Axis 1 = 88.36 %
Axis 2 = 8.36 %
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity BD = Soil bulk density CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
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Bulk density (soil compaction): + euedaphic taxa / - dispersal capacity & hemiedaphic taxa
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
BD CWD_Volume
FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover Axis 1 = 88.36 %
Axis 2 = 8.36 %
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity BD = Soil bulk density CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
Fourth-corner: Positive significant relation Negative significant relation
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Axis 2 = 8.36 %
Organic layer depth : + hemiedaphic taxa
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
BD CWD_Volume
FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover Axis 1 = 88.36 %
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity BD = Soil bulk density CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
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Vegetation cover: + dispersal capacity & hemiedaphic taxa / - euedaphic taxa
Euedaphic
Hemiedaphic
Epiedaphic
Dispersal capacity
BD CWD_Volume
FWD_Volume OLP
Plant_H Soil_chemical_fertility
Veg_cover Axis 1 = 88.36 %
Veg_cover = Herbaceous vegetation soil cover Plant_H = Herbcaeous vegetation diversity BD = Soil bulk density CWD_volume = Coarse woody debris volume FWD_volume = Fine woody debris volume OLP = Organic soil depth BD = Soil bulk density
Axis 2 = 8.36 %
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Conclusion:
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Conclusion:
•Significant short term effect of residual biomass harvesting & associated disturbances on functional structure of soil Collembola communities
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Conclusion:
•Significant short term effect of residual biomass harvesting & associated disturbances on functional structure of soil Collembola communities
•No biomass harvesting (CTL) maintained epi-hemiedaphic communities (higher vegetation & org. soil depth)
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Conclusion:
•Significant short term effect of residual biomass harvesting & associated disturbances on functional structure of soil Collembola communities
•No biomass harvesting (CTL) maintained epi-hemiedaphic communities (higher vegetation & org. soil depth)
•The T, F & S treatments showed intermediate functional responses while conserving a high diversity of communities
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Conclusion:
•Significant short term effect of residual biomass harvesting & associated disturbances on functional structure of soil Collembola communities
•No biomass harvesting (CTL) maintained epi-hemiedaphic communities (higher vegetation & org. soil depth)
•The T, F & S treatments showed intermediate functional responses while conserving a high diversity of communities
•Strong negative effect of B treatment on functional structure especially diversity with only euedaphic taxa (higher soil compaction & forest floor loss)
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Conclusion:
•Our study showed the relevance of the functional approach in the context of the impact assessment of the boreal forest management
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Conclusion:
•Our study showed the relevance of the functional approach in the context of the impact assessment of the boreal forest management
•These results should help to the sustainable management of the boreal forest
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Thanks to all the collaborators of the project...
R. Fleming, P. Hazlett, K. Webster, I. Aubin, K. Wainio-Keizer, K. Good, L. Hawdon, T. Weldon, M. Primavera, S. Wilson & J. Curry – Canadian Forest Service
D. Morris & M. Kwiaton - Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) Sandrine Salmon - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (France)
Marco Moretti - Institut fédéral de recherches sur la forêt, la neige et le paysage (Suisse) T. Work & C. Messier - Université du Québec à Montreal & Centre for Forest Research
Tembec & Ontario Power Generation
Laurence Codebecq & Adriana Ramos Diaz for their contribution in identification and functional measures!
... and of your attention!
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Results:
• 2555 specimens identified
• 37 species found
• 557 specimens used to measure functional traits & preferences
*** ***
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Functional attributes CTL treatment S treatment B treatment
Body length [Vegetation cover]
Body shape ratio [soil compaction]
Rel. antenna length
Bothriotricha
PAO
Sexual reproduction [Vegetation cover]
Complex mouthpart structure
[Organic soil depth Vegetation cover]
[FWD volume] [soil compaction]
Microhabitat Hemiedaphic
[Organic soil depth Vegetation cover]
Euedaphic [soil compaction]
Dispersal capacity [Vegetation cover] [soil compaction]
Functional diversity