Functional Films from Silica/Polymer Nanoparticles
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Materials 2014, 7 , 3881-3900; doi:10.3390/ma7053881 materials ISSN 1996-1944 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials Review Functional Films from Silica/Polymer Nanoparticles Tânia Ribeiro, Carlos Baleizão and José Paulo S. Farinha * CQFM — Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN — Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: [email protected] (T.R.); [email protected] (C.B.) * Author to whom correspondence shou ld be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +351-218-419-221 . Received: 11 April 2014; in revised form: 7 May 2014 / Accepted: 7 May 201 4/ Published: 15 May 201 4 Abstract: High performance functional coatings, based on hybrid organic/inorganic materials, are being developed to combine the polymer flexibility and ease of processing with the mechanical properties and versatility of inorganic materials. By incorporating silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in the polymeric matrices, it is possible to obtain hybrid polymer films with increase d tensile strength and impact resistance, without decreas ing the flexural properties of the polymer matrix. The SiNPs can further be used as carriers to impart other functionalities (optical, etc.) to the hybrid films. By using polymer-coated SiNPs, it is possible to reduce particle aggregation in the films and, thus, achieve more homogeneous distributions of the inorganic components and, therefore, better properties. On the other hand, by coating polymer particles with silica, one can create hierarchically structured materials, for example to obtain superhydrophobic coatings. In this review, we will cover the latest developments in films prepared from hybrid polymer/silica functional systems. Keywords: silica-polymer nanoparticles; functional coatings; hybrid films; coupling agents; film formation 1. Introduction Hybrid organic/inorganic materials combine the rigidity and high thermal stability of the inorganic material with the flexibility, ductility and processability of the organic polymers. In recent years, silica OPEN ACCESS
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