Functional Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System. Objectives 0 Identify and discuss the structure and...
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Transcript of Functional Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System. Objectives 0 Identify and discuss the structure and...
Functional Anatomy of the Cardiovascular
System
Objectives
0 Identify and discuss the structure and function of0 Heart0 Blood vessels0 Blood
Structure
0Enclosed in lubricated sac (endocardium)0Attached to the thorax by connective tissue
(pericardium)0Protected by
0 Ribs0 Sternum0 diaphragm
Structure
0Muscular organ (myocardium)0Size of average fist
0Structure of Heart0 Shell-like pump
04 chambers04 valves
Structure of Heart
0L & R Atrium0 Top two chambers
0Receive blood from the body and lungs
0L & R Ventricles0 Bottom two chambers
0Pumps blood to the body and lungs
0Valves (4)0 Direct blood flow
0Keep it moving in one direction
Heart
0Function of Heart0 Provide O2 to the cells
of the body through the circulation of blood
0Circulatory System0 Arteries0 Capillaries0 Veins
Circulatory System
0Arteries0 Tough on outside0 Smooth on inside0 Carry O2 rich blood
from heart to capillaries in lungs and body
0Arteries0 Expand when heart
contracts0Contract when heart
relaxes to help push blood through circulatory system
Circulatory System
0Capillaries0 Thin and fragile mesh-
like network of vessels0 Site of exchange for O2
and carbon dioxide0 Deliver waste-rich blood
to veins
0 Veins0 Thinner walls than
arteries0 Transport waste-rich
blood back to heart and lungs
0 Contain valves to insure blood flows in one direction
0 Help blood move against the force of gravity
Circulatory System
0Pulmonary circulation0 Blood flow to and from lungs
0Coronary circulation0 Branch off aorta0 Supply blood to heart and muscle
0Systemic circulation0 Blood flow to all other organs and extremities
Blood
0Red blood cells0 Cary O2
0White blood cells0 Phagocytosis0 Immediate immune
system response0 Infection
0Platelets0 Clotting0 Lose platelets lose the
ability to clot quicker
Blood
0BP maintains blood flow to 0 Brain0 Internal organs0 Muscles
0Low blood pressure0 Brain and other organs don’t receive adequate blood supply
0High blood pressure0 Over time will damage capillaries
Blood Flow
0Left atrium0 Receives O2 rich blood
from the lungs by pulmonary veins
0Left atrium pumps blood through mitral valve to left ventricle
0Left ventricle0 Pumps O2 blood through
aortic valve to aorta
0Aorta 0 Branches into smaller
arteries that transport blood to heart, other organs and extremities
0Arteries0 Connect to capillaries
where O2 and CO2 are exchanged
0 Waste is also picked up from the lymph system
Blood Flow
0Capillaries0 Connect to veins
0Veins0 Transport blood back
up to the heart and lungs
0Blood enters right atrium through the superior and inferior vena cava
0Right atrium pumps blood through tricuspid valve to right ventricle
0Right ventricle pumps blood to lungs through pulmonary arteries