Full Results: European Youth Poll on Gender Equality

Full resultsFull resultsFull resultsFull results

of the

European Youth Poll

on Gender Equality

For more information please contact

Jacob Düringer

Project Manager at the EYP International Office

[email protected]

+49-30-28095146

• 4112411241124112 ParticipantsParticipantsParticipantsParticipants

• From From From From 44445555 European CountriesEuropean CountriesEuropean CountriesEuropean Countries

• Aged Aged Aged Aged 16161616----27 27 27 27

• Poll Conducted Between: Poll Conducted Between: Poll Conducted Between: Poll Conducted Between: MayMayMayMay 22nd 22nd 22nd 22nd and and and and JuneJuneJuneJune 4444th 2013th 2013th 2013th 2013

This is a project of the European Youth Parliament. The results do not represent the official views of the organisation.

Survey: Traditional Gender Survey: Traditional Gender Survey: Traditional Gender Survey: Traditional Gender Roles are widespread, but unpopular among many young Roles are widespread, but unpopular among many young Roles are widespread, but unpopular among many young Roles are widespread, but unpopular among many young

EuropeansEuropeansEuropeansEuropeans

Executive SummaryExecutive SummaryExecutive SummaryExecutive Summary

Traditional views on gender roles are widespread in most European countries, according to the participants of the latest European Youth Poll. Two

thirds of all respondents confirmed this for their countries, with large differences between countries like Turkey (92%) and the Netherlands (16%).

At the same time, these traditional views are unpopular. Only 26% think that working in the household and raising children is mainly the

responsibility of women, while 88% think it should be equally common for both genders to take time off from work when they have children.

The question whether men and women should be paid equally for the same work leads to almost unanimous support (97%) for equal pay.

Furthermore, 52% think it is in fact a career obstacle to be female.

The Poll, which was conducted online by the European Youth Parliament in co-operation with the Stiftung Mercator foundation and with the help of

other youth organisations, was taken by 4112 people between 16 and 27 from 45 European countries. It was held between May 22nd and June 4th,

2013.

Only 32% of all participants think their governments are active enough in promoting Gender Equality. 89% would welcome a more active role by the

European Union. Whether this should include a quota for women in leadership position is debated: 48% of all respondents are in favour, a similar

number disagrees.

The European Youth Parliament (EYP)The European Youth Parliament (EYP)The European Youth Parliament (EYP)The European Youth Parliament (EYP) is a non-partisan and independent educational organization active since 1987. Today it is one of the largest

European platforms for political debate, intercultural encounters, political educational work and the exchange of ideas among young people in

Europe. The EYP consists of a network of 36 European associations in which thousands of young people are active in a voluntary capacity. The

European Youth Polls are conducted four times a year. They are open to all young people in Europe, but the results are not scientifically

representative. Most of the respondents are actively engaged in civil society organisations. In 2012, 15863 young people participated.

Overall, about 60% of all participants think

that men and women are treated equally in

their countries. However, this is very

different across countries, with over 80% in

Finland and the Netherlands, but less than a

third of participants from Italy, Albania,

Georgia or Turkey. There is also a clear

gender divide: 68% of male participants

agree, but only 54% of female participants.

0,0%

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30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

70,0%

80,0%

90,0%

100,0%

"Men and women are treated equally in my "Men and women are treated equally in my "Men and women are treated equally in my "Men and women are treated equally in my country."country."country."country."

"I disagree" (39,7%)"I disagree" (39,7%)"I disagree" (39,7%)"I disagree" (39,7%)"I agree" (59,8%)"I agree" (59,8%)"I agree" (59,8%)"I agree" (59,8%)

"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"

"I strongly disagree"

"I somewhat disagree"

68,60%

54,00%

Male

Female

"Agree""Agree""Agree""Agree"Agreement among all female / male participants

Answers: “I strongly agree” or “I somewhat agree” (only countries with more than 50 participants).

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"Men and women are treated equally in my country.""Men and women are treated equally in my country.""Men and women are treated equally in my country.""Men and women are treated equally in my country."

Even though a majority sees men and

women treated equally in their countries,

two thirds of all participants think that

traditional views on gender roles are strong

in their countries. This feeling is particularly

strong in Turkey, but also in other countries

like Ireland or Serbia.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

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100,00%

"Traditional views on gender roles are strong "Traditional views on gender roles are strong "Traditional views on gender roles are strong "Traditional views on gender roles are strong in my country." in my country." in my country." in my country."


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



62,35%

68,80%

Male

Female

"Agree""Agree""Agree""Agree"Agreement among all female / male participants


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

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90%

100%

"Traditional views on gender roles are strong in my country.""Traditional views on gender roles are strong in my country.""Traditional views on gender roles are strong in my country.""Traditional views on gender roles are strong in my country."

More than half of all participants have

witnessed gender discrimination. Once more

interesting is the gender divide in the

answers: Only 48% of all male participants

think so, but 61% of all females.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"I have personally witnessed gender "I have personally witnessed gender "I have personally witnessed gender "I have personally witnessed gender discrimination.discrimination.discrimination.discrimination.


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



48,37%

60,89%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"I have personally witnessed gender discrimination." "I have personally witnessed gender discrimination." "I have personally witnessed gender discrimination." "I have personally witnessed gender discrimination."

There is near unanimity among the

participants that equal work should be

paid equally.

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10,00%

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30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"Men and women should be paid equally for "Men and women should be paid equally for "Men and women should be paid equally for "Men and women should be paid equally for the same work.the same work.the same work.the same work.

"I disagree" (2,7%)"I disagree" (2,7%)"I disagree" (2,7%)"I disagree" (2,7%)"I agree" (97 %)"I agree" (97 %)"I agree" (97 %)"I agree" (97 %)

"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



95,04%

98,35%

Male

Female


88%

90%

92%

94%

96%

98%

100%

"Men and women should be paid equally for the same work."

Is being female an obstacle to a successful

career? Opinions on this differ, and the

group of participants as a whole is split.

Italian, but also German respondents felt

strongly that this is in fact the case in their

countries. 61% of all female respondents

agreed, but only 38% of all males taking the

Poll.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

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50,00%

60,00%

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100,00%

"I think being female is an obstacle to a "I think being female is an obstacle to a "I think being female is an obstacle to a "I think being female is an obstacle to a successful career in my country." successful career in my country." successful career in my country." successful career in my country."


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



38,86%

61,35%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"I think being female is an obstacle to a successful career in my "I think being female is an obstacle to a successful career in my "I think being female is an obstacle to a successful career in my "I think being female is an obstacle to a successful career in my country." country." country." country."

The idea that household work and raising

children is mainly the responsibility of

women seems outdated to a large majority

of participants.

0,00%

10,00%

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30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

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90,00%

100,00%

"Working in the household and raising children is "Working in the household and raising children is "Working in the household and raising children is "Working in the household and raising children is mainly the responsibility of women."mainly the responsibility of women."mainly the responsibility of women."mainly the responsibility of women."


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



29,48%

24,33%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"Working in the household and raising children is mainly the "Working in the household and raising children is mainly the "Working in the household and raising children is mainly the "Working in the household and raising children is mainly the responsibility of women." responsibility of women." responsibility of women." responsibility of women."

On a similar note, almost 90% think that it

should be equally common for people of

different genders to take time off when they

have children.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

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100,00%

"It should be equally common for both men and women to "It should be equally common for both men and women to "It should be equally common for both men and women to "It should be equally common for both men and women to take time off from work when they have children."take time off from work when they have children."take time off from work when they have children."take time off from work when they have children."


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



84%

90%

Male

Female

Answer: “there should be more integration (more decisions on the European level)” (only countries with more than 50 participants).

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

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90%

100%

"It should be equally common for both men and women to take time "It should be equally common for both men and women to take time "It should be equally common for both men and women to take time "It should be equally common for both men and women to take time off from work when they have children."off from work when they have children."off from work when they have children."off from work when they have children."

Government-provided days care facilities

are very popular almost everywhere — only

participants form the Czech Republic have

mixed opinions on this.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"The government should provide day care "The government should provide day care "The government should provide day care "The government should provide day care facilities for all children, in order to enable facilities for all children, in order to enable facilities for all children, in order to enable facilities for all children, in order to enable

mothers and fathers to work."mothers and fathers to work."mothers and fathers to work."mothers and fathers to work."

"I disagreedisagreedisagreedisagree" (10,6%)"I agreeagreeagreeagree" (87%)

"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



78%

93%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"The government should provide day care facilities for all children, in "The government should provide day care facilities for all children, in "The government should provide day care facilities for all children, in "The government should provide day care facilities for all children, in order to enable mothers and fathers to work." order to enable mothers and fathers to work." order to enable mothers and fathers to work." order to enable mothers and fathers to work."

Are governments active enough in

promoting Gender Equality? While Belgians

and Dutch participants are rather satisfied,

most others, and especially those from

Romania, Greece and Turkey are not happy

at all. Once more on this question, a clear

gender gap is visible: 40% of all male

participants are content with what their

government is doing, but only 27% of the

females.

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"My government is doing enough to promote "My government is doing enough to promote "My government is doing enough to promote "My government is doing enough to promote Gender Equality.Gender Equality.Gender Equality.Gender Equality.


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



40%

27%

Male

Female


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20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

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90%

100%

"My government is doing enough to promote Gender Equality."

Being mostly unhappy with the actions of

their own government, a large majority

wants the European Union to be active in the

promotion of Gender Equality.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

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100,00%

"The European Union should actively promote "The European Union should actively promote "The European Union should actively promote "The European Union should actively promote Gender Equality.Gender Equality.Gender Equality.Gender Equality.

"I disagree" ("I disagree" ("I disagree" ("I disagree" (9,3,3,3,3%))))"I agree" (88,6"I agree" (88,6"I agree" (88,6"I agree" (88,6%))))

"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



79%

95%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"The European Union should actively promote Gender Equality.

While many favour strong EU involvement,

the idea of a gender quota is met with mixed

opinions. While 60% of all female

participants are in favour, only 30% of all

male participants agree.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"A gender quota should be introduced to raise "A gender quota should be introduced to raise "A gender quota should be introduced to raise "A gender quota should be introduced to raise the number of women in leadership the number of women in leadership the number of women in leadership the number of women in leadership

positions."positions."positions."positions."

"I disagree" (47,5%)"I disagree" (47,5%)"I disagree" (47,5%)"I disagree" (47,5%)"I agree" (48%)"I agree" (48%)"I agree" (48%)"I agree" (48%)

"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



30,08%

59,87%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"A gender quota should be introduced to raise the number of women "A gender quota should be introduced to raise the number of women "A gender quota should be introduced to raise the number of women "A gender quota should be introduced to raise the number of women in leadership positions." in leadership positions." in leadership positions." in leadership positions."

Thinking about the future, 4 out of 5

participants are optimistic that in 20 years,

men and women will be more equal

throughout Europe.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"I think that 20 years from now, men and "I think that 20 years from now, men and "I think that 20 years from now, men and "I think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal throughout women will be more equal throughout women will be more equal throughout women will be more equal throughout

Europe."Europe."Europe."Europe."


"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"



80,21%

79,80%

Male

Female


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

"I think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal throughout "I think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal throughout "I think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal throughout "I think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal throughout EuropeI think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal EuropeI think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal EuropeI think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal EuropeI think that 20 years from now, men and women will be more equal

throughout Europe." throughout Europe." throughout Europe." throughout Europe."

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"Regarding the current overall state of "Regarding the current overall state of "Regarding the current overall state of "Regarding the current overall state of European integration, I think…." European integration, I think…." European integration, I think…." European integration, I think…."

"Integration"Integration"Integration"Integration as as as as today" (14,9% +0,6today" (14,9% +0,6today" (14,9% +0,6today" (14,9% +0,6)

"More integration" "More integration" "More integration" "More integration" (55%,(55%,(55%,(55%, ----5,85,85,85,8))))

"Less integration""Less integration""Less integration""Less integration"(20,65%, (20,65%, (20,65%, (20,65%, +1,15+1,15+1,15+1,15))))

"...there should be more integration (more decisions on the European level)"

"...there should be less integration (more decisionson the national

...integration should stay as it is today


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

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90%

100%

"Regarding the current overall state of European integration, I think "Regarding the current overall state of European integration, I think "Regarding the current overall state of European integration, I think "Regarding the current overall state of European integration, I think there should be more integration." there should be more integration." there should be more integration." there should be more integration."

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

"Generally, the EU should be enlarged "Generally, the EU should be enlarged "Generally, the EU should be enlarged "Generally, the EU should be enlarged through the accession of more countries."through the accession of more countries."through the accession of more countries."through the accession of more countries."

"I disagree" (39,7%,"I disagree" (39,7%,"I disagree" (39,7%,"I disagree" (39,7%, ----3,43,43,43,4))))"I agree" (51,9%, "I agree" (51,9%, "I agree" (51,9%, "I agree" (51,9%, ----1,01,01,01,0))))

"I strongly agree"

"I somewhat agree"




0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

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100%

"Generally, the EU should be enlarged through the accession of more "Generally, the EU should be enlarged through the accession of more "Generally, the EU should be enlarged through the accession of more "Generally, the EU should be enlarged through the accession of more countries." countries." countries." countries."

Full Results: European Youth Poll on Gender Equality

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