Alternative Energy Project

Team 4Jordan Yost, Brian Etzel, Laurentiu Petrut,

Burhaan Farah, Kyle Johnston

Introduction• Water is essential to life and development of 3rd

world countries• Access to clean water• Also large portions of the world don’t have any

form of electrical power

El Salvador• Located in Central America• Population: 6.2 million• 8000 square miles• Borders 192 miles of the Pacific Ocean• Mostly mountainous region

San Salvador• Population: 525,990• Main city is roughly 28 square miles• Averages 8.3 hours of sunlight a day• Average temperatures of 73.6° F• Average wind speed between 4 and 7 mph

History• Colonized by Spain in early 16th century• Gained independence in 1821• 12 year civil war in 1970’s• Hurricane Mitch in 1998• Ruled for long time by dictators but now is a

republic

Status of Power Grid Infrastructure

• About 83% of population have access to electricity

• Plans in effect to add solar power to rural areas with little to no access to network of electricity

• Hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods do most of the damage to El Salvador

• During the 6 month rainy season many of the rural and secondary roads are flooded with water

• Of the roughly 6000 miles of roads only about 1200 miles of the roadways are paved

Accessibility to Clean Water

• In El Salvador, environmental laws and clean water acts are not being enforced as heavily as they should be

• About 55% of the rural population have access to the public water supply compared to 90% of the urban population having access to the public water supply

• In rural areas many people have to walk and carry water back to their houses

Shortage of Clean Water

• 90% of surface water is contaminated due to human and industrial waste

• Each Year, El Salvador receives on average 6 feet of rainfall

• Projects have occurred in past to bring clean drinking water to cities but nothing covers the cost of maintenance after it is completed

Access to Clean Water• Clean water means the difference in everything• In all underdeveloped countries, access to clean

water is a problem for large portions of the population, especially in rural areas

• Dirty water leads to people getting sick and dying• Polluted water causes more deaths to children

than diseases like malaria

Access cont.• Societies revolve around gathering water from

miles away, that isn’t always clean• This doesn’t leave much time for developing

education and other things important to developing them into a modern country

• Countries without clean water are in need of help

Providing Clean Water• Providing clean water to areas in need has

become important for cultures, societies, and religions

• There are always projects being done by different churches and communities to supply clean water to different parts of the world

Possible positive and negative impacts of renewable-energy

• Utilizing waste materials to produce energy as in the case of biomass reduces the impact that their treatment or disposal of would otherwise have on the environment

Pros and Cons cont.• Potential for renewables in poverty reduction• Safeguarding other energy reserves like oil and

natural gas• The fight against climate change • Provides energy security.

Pros and Cons cont.• Wind turbines may

have a negative effect on wild bird populations

• As well a visual impact on the landscape.

• There is also the impact on the land during construction.

Pros and Cons cont.• Hazardous gases and

minerals may come up from underground, and can be difficult to safely dispose of in the case of geothermal.

• Harnessing of tidal energy can lead to destruction coastal features such coral reefs which help sustain marine life.

Pros and Cons cont.• Can result in ignoring

indigenous energy production without taking into account the social and cultural aspects of the informal economy.

Pros and Cons cont.• The cost of generating solar energy is much

higher than that of fossil fuels, although costs are decreasing.

• One of the negative aspects of geothermal energy concerns geography and geology

• Micro grid or off-grid systems have less government regulations and have the potential for being used illegally

Political Parties• Environment is a big

issue• Damage from

disasters• Water Quality• Corruption• Economy

Instability• Civil War in 1980’s

o 80,000 dead• Poverty• Drug Gangs

o Maaras• Protests

o Watero Elections

Needs and Specifications

Needs Specification• Can power the pump • Store energy when pump is

not in use• Replacement parts not

needed often• Pares are easy to make

and acquire• The overall cost is kept to

a minimum• Parts are accessible from

nearby locations• Safe to operate

• 500 watts• 48 mAh

• 6 months

• 3 days• $10,000

• 250 miles

• Meets all safety Standards

Needs and specification cont.

Need Specification• Safe for the surrounding

people• Lasts a long time before

parts need replaced• Minimum training needed

to operate• Small number of people

needed to operate the pump

• Low emissions• Minimum noise pollution

• Meets all safety standards

• 6 months

• 8 hours of training

• 1 person

• Less than 100 grams of CO2 per year

• 75 decibels

Pump selection• 11.98 gal/min• The 15SQ180 met our demand• Requires 429 W

Power Design• Includes

o Grundfos 15SQ180o Cabin Off-grid DC kit 2

• Four 140 watt solar panels to produce a total 560 watts.• 12 volt DC 400 AH battery included

o 1000 gallon plastic tank• Total cost of $3,735.95

References• Pump: SQ07• http://www.supremewatersales.com/grundfos-15sq07-180-9

6160149-3-submersible-pump-15-gpm-3-4-hp-2-wire-230-volt.htmlSQ 05

• Pump: SQ05• http://www.supremewatersales.com/grundfos-10sq05-160-

96160167-3-submersible-pump-1-2-hp-2-wire-115-volt.html• Pump: Wayne Deep Well• http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/

product_200311417_200311417• _-40876

• Solar Panel: DC Kit 1• http://www.wholesalesolar.com/solarpowersystems/

cabin-1-dc-off-grid-solar-kit.html• Solar Panel: DC Kit 2• http://www.wholesalesolar.com/solarpowersystems/

cabin-2-dc-off-grid-solar-kit.html• Wind Turbine: Nature Power• http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/

product_200615833_200615833?cm_mmc=Aggregates-_-Shopzilla-_-Alternative + Renewable Energy>Wind Solutions-_-40876

• Water Tanks:• http://www.manta.com/c/mthg7dh/store-it-h2o• http://www.watertanks.com/products/0045-005.as

p• http://www.agratech.co.uk• http://www.bizrice.co.uk.

• El Salvador:• http://data.worldbank.org/country/el-salvador• http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/A

mericas/El-Salvador.html• http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0107489.html• http://www.weatherspark.com/averages/32651/

San-Salvador-La -Paz-El -Salvador• http://www.globalissues.org/news/

2010/12/09/7891

• San Salvador:• http://www.tradingeconomics.com/el-salvador/une

mployment-rate• http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?stor

yId=4983325• http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/s/SV786

63038005100.php