Full Circle: How to Bring Algae Back into...
Transcript of Full Circle: How to Bring Algae Back into...
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NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy,OfficeofEnergyEfficiencyandRenewableEnergy,operatedby theAllianceforSustainableEnergy,LLC.
FullCircle:HowtoBringAlgaeBackintoBiofuels
AlgaeBiomassSummit
Phoenix,AZ
October25,2016
PhilipT.Pienkos
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CostofAlgalBiomassProductionLargestHurdletoBiofuelCommercialization
Davisetal.2014.ProcessDesignandEconomicsfortheConversionofAlgalBiomasstoBiofuels:AlgalBiomassFractionationtoLipid- andCarbohydrate-DerivedFuelProducts.http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/62368.pdf
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CornBiorefinery
Farmdocdaily (UniversityofIllinios)2014ReallyWasanAmazingYearforEthanolProductionProfits.http://farmdocdaily.illinois.edu/2015/03/2014-really-was-an-amazing-year-for-ethanol.html.
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There’sMoretoAlgaeThanLipids
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CellDisruptionwithDiluteAcidPretreatment
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NewDesignCaseforAlgalLipidUpgrading
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CombinedAlgalProcessing
Extraction FAMEPurity FAMERecovery1st 92.5%± 1.0% 81.6%± 1.2%2nd 92.4%± 1.1% 8.9%± 1.6%total 90.6%± 1.2%
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SignificantCostSavingsbyValorizingAlgalSugars
PretreatmentSolidsloading(wt%) 20%Acidloading(wt%vsfeedliquor) 2%Fermentablesugarrelease 74%Carbstodegradationproducts 1.50%
FermentationFermentationbatchtime(hr) 18Sugardiversiontoorganismseedgrowth 6%Fermentablesugartoethanol 98.5 %
LipidExtraction+UpgradingSolventloading(solvent/drybiomassratio,wt) 5.9Totalconvertiblelipidextractionyield 87%Polarlipidimpuritypartitiontoextract <11.5%
HydrotreatingRDByield(wt%ofoilfeed) 80%
HydrotreatingH2 Consumption(wt%ofoilfeed) 1.70%FuelYields
Renewabledieselblendstock(RDB,%ofbiomassDW) 29.2Renewabledieselblendstockfuelyield(GGE/ton) 95.5Ethanol(%ofbiomassDW) 14.9Ethanolfuelyield(GGE/ton) 30.9Totalgasolineequivalentfuelyield(GGE/ton) 126.3
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HarmonizationProcess
CAPProcess
MinimumFuelSellingPrice
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SuccinicAcid:ValueAddedCoproduct
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ScalableOptionsforProtein-BasedCoproducts
• AnaerobicDigestion• AnimalFeed• MixedAlcohols• NutrientsforMixotrophicCultivation• Bioplastics• HydrothermalLiquefaction
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IfEverybodyHadaSurfboard…
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SterolSurfactants
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BiofuelProductionCostReductionswithCoproducts
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RBD+AD RDB+EtOH+AD RDB+SA+AD RDB+SA+ES+AD RDB+SA+ES+GS
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BiorefineryOptions
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TheWholeBarrel
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TheWholeAlgalCell
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Conclusions
• Primaryhurdleforcommercializationofalgalbiofuelprocessesliesincostofbiomassproduction
• Conceptualmultiproductbiorefineryofferspathforwardforacommercializablebiofuel-centeredproductionprocesso Lipidstofuelsandlargevolumemoderatevaluechemicalso Carbohydratestofuelsandchemicalso Proteinstofuelsandchemicalso Additionalopportunitiesforminorbutsignificantcomponents
• Therearesignificantchallengestosimultaneousdevelopmentofmultipleproductpathwaysbutcompaniesareformingthatseekspecificalgalfeedstockstreamsfortheirownproductionprocesses.
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Acknowledgements
• Bob McCormick• Jake Kruger• Earl Christensen• Lisa Fouts• Ali Mohagheghi• Chris Kinchin• Nick Sweeney• Eric Karp
• Lieve Laurens• Ryan Davis• Nick Nagle• Eric Knoshaug• Stefanie Van Wychen• Deb Hyman• Holly Smith
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AnyQuestions?