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HYDROGEN FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY

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WHAT IS A FUEL CELL?

A Fuel Cell is an electrochemical device that combines hydrogen and

oxygen to produce electricity, with water and heat as its by-product.

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WHY IS FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY IMPORTANT?

Since conversion of the fuel to energy takes place via an electrochemical

process, not combustionIt is a clean, quiet and highly efficient process- two to three times more

efficient than fuel burning.

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HOW DOES A FUEL CELL WORK?

It operates similarly to a battery, but it does not run down nor does it

require rechargingAs long as fuel is supplied, a Fuel Cell will produce both energy and heat

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HOW DOES A FUEL CELL WORK?

A Fuel Cell consists of two catalyst coated electrodes surrounding an

electrolyteOne electrode is an anode and the other is a cathode

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HOW DOES A FUEL CELL WORK?

The process begins when Hydrogen molecules enter the anode

The catalyst coating separates hydrogens negatively charged electronsfrom the positively charged protons

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HOW DOES A FUEL CELL WORK?

The electrolyte allows the protons to pass through to the cathode, but not

the electronsInstead the electrons are directed through an external circuit which creates

electrical current

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HOW DOES A FUEL CELL WORK?

While the electrons pass through the externalcircuit, oxygen molecules pass through thecathode

There the oxygen and the protons combinewith the electrons after they have passed

through the external circuitWhen the oxygen and the protons combine

with the electrons it produces water andheat

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HOW DOES A FUEL CELL WORK?

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IMPORTANCE OF HYDROGEN

Fuel Cells require highly purified hydrogen as a fuel

Researchers are developing a wide range of technologies to producehydrogen economically from a variety of resources in environmentallyfriendly ways

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IMPORTANCE OF HYDROGEN

Hydrogen is a secondary energy resource, meaning it must be made fromanother fuel

Hydrogen can be produced from a wide variety of energy resourcesincluding:

Fossil fuels, such as natural gas and coalNuclear energyRenewable resources, such as solar,water, wind and biomass

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HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

The biggest challenge regarding hydrogen production is the cost

Reducing the cost of hydrogen production so as to compete in thetransportation sector with conventional fuels on a per-mile basis is asignificant hurdle to Fuel Cells success in the commercial marketplace

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HOW WILL THE HYDROGEN BE STORED?

Developing safe, reliable, compact and cost-effective hydrogen storage is

one of the biggest challenges to widespread use of fuel cell technologyHydrogen has physical characteristics that make it difficult to store large

quantities without taking up a great deal of space

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HOW CAN FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY BE USED?

Transportation

Stationary Power StationsTelecommunications

Micro Power

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HOW CAN FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY BE

USED?

Transportation All major automakers are working tocommercialize a fuel cell car

Automakers and experts speculatethat a fuel cell vehicle will becommercialized by 201050 fuel cell buses are currently in usein North and South America, Europe,

Asia and Australia

Trains, planes, boats, scooters,forklifts and even bicycles are utilizingfuel cell technology as well

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HOW CAN FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY

BE USED?

Stationary Power StationsOver 2,500 fuel cell systems have been installed all over the world in hospitals,nursing homes, hotels, office buildings, schools and utility power plantsMost of these systems are either connected to the electric grid to provide

supplemental power and backup assurance or as a grid-independent generator for locations that are inaccessible by power lines

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HOW CAN FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY

BE USED?Telecommunications

Due to computers, the Internet and sophisticated communication networksthere is a need for an incredibly reliable power sourceFuel Cells have been proven to be 99.999% reliable

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HOW CAN FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY BE

USED?

Micro Power Consumer electronics couldgain drastically longer battery

power with Fuel CelltechnologyCell phones can be poweredfor 30 days without rechargingLaptops can be powered for 20

hours without recharging

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WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF FUEL

CELL TECHNOLOGY?Physical Security

ReliabilityEfficiency

Environmental Benefits

Battery Replacement/Alternative

Military Applications

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THANK YOU