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Module 02 Lecture 01Module 02 Lecture 01

TheThe impact of diarrhoeaimpact of diarrhoeaon nutritional statuson nutritional status

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short term effects

medium to long term effects

Impact of diarrhoea on nutritional statusImpact of diarrhoea on nutritional status

fluid (a liquid; a substance that can flo!

bod" fluids ( e#ample$ blood% loss

deh"dration electrol"te imbalance

malabsorption leadin& to malnutrition and &roth

retardation

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The nutritional impact of diarrhoea operatesthrough at least four mechanisms

In addition, nutrient requirements are increased

during diarrhoea

Impact of diarrhoeaImpact of diarrhoea

on nutritional statuson nutritional status

appetite lossmalabsorption

altered metabolism

nutrient loss

food inta'e absorption

metabolism

direct loss

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Food intake is affected by

appetite loss

result of clinical disturbance$ deh"dration$

electrol"te imbalance$ fe)er$ )omitin& or

abdominal discomfort

Maternal (carin& mother% beha)iour

food*ithholdin& beha)iour as a response tochild+s loss of appetite$ or due to cultural

practices (refuse to &i)e food durin& illness%

Impact of diarrhoeaImpact of diarrhoea

on nutritional statuson nutritional status

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bacterial o)er&roth

su&ar fermentation

bacterial competition

bile metabolism

micelle formation

en-"me loss

maldi&estion

loss of absorbin& surface

transit time

osmotic forces

Impact of diarrhoeaImpact of diarrhoea

on nutritional statuson nutritional status

Absorption is affected by

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malabsorption and direct loss ofater and electrol"tes because ofdama&e to the intestinal linin&

protein * losin&

increased boel mo)ementsaccompanied b" direct lossof ater and electrol"tes

Impact of foodborne diarrhoeaImpact of foodborne diarrhoea

on nutritional statuson nutritional status

Direct loss

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roth pattern of a child ith frequentroth pattern of a child ith frequent

episodes of diarrhoeaepisodes of diarrhoea

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Impact of diarrhoeaImpact of diarrhoea

on nutritional statuson nutritional status

utritional

Status

nabolism 4 5atabolism

6rotein * losin&

6atho&ens

bdominal discomfort

7lectrol"te imbalance

Fe)er

8omitin&9eh"dration

:ater

Food

6ersonto

6erson

acterial o)er&roth

Su&ar fermentation

acterial competition

ile metabolism

Micelle formation

7n-"me loss

Maldi&estion

Transit time

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immunisation a&ainstimmunisable childhood diseases

nutrition

micronutrients

1. Improved host defences

Inter)ention strate&ies for diarrhoeaInter)ention strate&ies for diarrhoea

breast feedin& safe complementar" food

Three kinds ofinterventions are

1.improving host

defences.!. therapeutic "cure#intervention.

$. preventing

transmission.

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reh"dration intra)enous (

)

oral

antibiotic acute

()

proph"lactic()

feedin& practicecon)alescent (reco)er"% feedin&

!. therapeutic "cure# intervention.Therapy "treatment#

Inter)ention strate&ies for diarrhoeaInter)ention strate&ies for diarrhoea

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Inter)ention strate&ies for diarrhoeaInter)ention strate&ies for diarrhoea

ater

sanitation

household h"&iene

food h"&iene

personal h"&iene

eanin& food (&raduall" stop feedin&% isolation

disinfection

$. %revention of transmission

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>e" messa&es>e" messa&es (1%(1%

Acute and persistent "constant# diarrhoeas have

a significant effect on nutritional status in all age

groups

&echanisms in operation affect

food inta'e

absorption

metabolism direct loss

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Food inta'e ma" be affected b" cultural

practices

Loss of appetite is a ma?or barrier to

nutritional mana&ement of diarrhoea

>e" messa&es>e" messa&es (2%(2%