From Waste to Resource:

Opportunities for your Trade Waste

James Gourley| Environmental Consultant / Engineer

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At a glance

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“We are dedicated to our clients and their

stakeholders, to being a responsible

corporate citizen and to improving the

quality of life around the world.”

Sustainable

development

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Small to Medium Businesses - drivers

Typically SMEs have much less capacity than bigger organisations to deal with

issues such as the environment unless there is a strong business case.

Economics first, environment second.

However an audit can improve competitiveness and productivity whilst also

improving environmental performance.

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Bu$iwise Audits

Water and wastewater audits for small to medium businesses.

Business receive a report outlining audit results and solutions tailored to their

operations.

• Reduce water, wastewater and associated energy costs

• Improve operational processes

• Solutions with realistic payback periods

Save time: New product advice, Training advice for staff, Industry benchmarks

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Waste Hierarchy

Avoidance

Reuse

Recycling

Recovery of Energy

Treatment

Containment

Disposal

Most Preferable

Least Preferable

Source EPA Victoria

Tradewaste

There are typically opportunities before discharge to sewer!

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Yarra Valley Water – Tradewaste Standards

Temperature

Solids

Oils, Fats and Grease

Organic liquids

Latex emulsions

Radioactivity

Colour

pH

Nitrogen and Phosphorus

Sulfur

Metals

Halogens

Cyanide

Organic Acids

Phenolics, aldehydes, ketones

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Esters and Ethers

…there are many more – you

cant just discharge to sewer

with any waste and forget

about it.

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Yarra Valley Water – Tradewaste Charges

• Annual Contract Fee

• And the following fees depending on volume and ‘strength’ of

tradewaste (2012/13 figures):

There is financial incentive to reduce tradewaste

Trade waste discharge fees Unit Charge ($)

Volume ($/kilolitre) 0.9768

Biochemical Oxygen Demand ($/kg) 0.7631

Suspended Solids ($/kg) 0.4442

Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ($/kg) 2.0628

Total Dissolved Solids ($/kg) 0.0318

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Case Study – Smallgoods manufacturer

Install efficient, high pressure spray nozzles

and hose locks and hose guns

to be installed to all wash water hoses

(Payback 3 months)

Warm air defrosting of freezer coils

(Payback 2.5 years)

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Case Study – Clean In Place

CIP systems essentially clean a production line

without the need to removing process components.

This is achieved by flushing the system with cleaning

agents. Four aspects are important: Time,

Temperature, Concentration and Velocity.

Regular review and optimising of CIP is essential

• Check for opportunities to recover rinse water

• Review cleaning cycle length.

• Training of operators for improved efficiency

CIP Case study in meat manufacturing – second

rinse step eliminated by optimising the first flush,

final rinse step collected and reused (saving 1.7

ML/year, 3 year payback)

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Case Study – Food Processor, rainwater use in

cooling towers

Cooling towers used extensively to run air

conditioning and chilled water line to

processing floor.

Cooling tower main issue: water lost to the

atmosphere by evaporation and drift.

Substitution of potable water with rainwater

from the roof, being careful to pretreat rainwater

(filter and UV disinfection).

Improvements: less salts in rainwater compared to

mains water, less chemicals used in cooling tower,

and less blowdown to tradewaste.

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Case Study – Swimming Pool Operator

Replace pool make up water with rainwater from roof

Optimise filter backflush process

Use high efficient, high pressure nozzles

to clean deck surfaces

Change mens flushing urinal to

waterless urinal

Reduce pool water temperature to

23 degrees to reduce evaporation

(Paybacks 2.5 – 10 years)

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Case Study – Automotive parts manufacturer –

onsite treatment

Processes included electroplating and metal treatment for preparation of

painting parts.

Wastewater treated on site instead of discharge to sewer. Treated water

reused back into process.

A reduced sludge waste was then able to be taken to landfill. Water

consumption and tradewaste volume reduced by 35%

Payback 3 years

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Case Study – Botanical Gardens

Substitution of irrigation water with treated wastewater from nearby plant.

Piping, pumps, minor treatment cost $100,000

Payback 4 years

Increased risk to public however

so no access during irrigation

as per EPA guidelines.

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Design Efficiency

Engineers typically design to a budget and time

schedule using proven low risk designs.

• Reward energy efficiency in design

• Define end use and start downstream

• Use measured data, not assumptions and rules

• When costing a design look at optimising all

elements including large capital items (eg pumps)

as well as pipelines (often costed separately)

• Shorter, wider pipes

• Eliminate right angle bends and valves

• Preference for VSD pumps not valve control of flow

A 50% increase in pipe diameter leads

to an 85% decrease in friction loss!

GHD offers the following services

relevant to SMEs

• Experienced Manufacturing and Process

Engineers

• Plant design and construction management

• Food Processing Service Line

• Sustainability Experts

• HSE, hygiene, energy and water auditors

Solutions for industry including baking, dairy, beverage,

confectionary & snack foods, seafood, fruit & vegetable,

meat, cold chain, FMCG, pharmaceutical, biotechnical markets and beyond

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www.ghd.com