From the Mountain to the Sea: Rivers and Erosion Dr Allen Gontz Coastal Geologist & Geophysicist...
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Transcript of From the Mountain to the Sea: Rivers and Erosion Dr Allen Gontz Coastal Geologist & Geophysicist...
From the Mountain to the Sea:From the Mountain to the Sea:Rivers and ErosionRivers and ErosionFrom the Mountain to the Sea:From the Mountain to the Sea:Rivers and ErosionRivers and Erosion
Dr Allen GontzDr Allen GontzCoastal Geologist & GeophysicistCoastal Geologist & Geophysicist
EEOSEEOS
Dr Allen GontzDr Allen GontzCoastal Geologist & GeophysicistCoastal Geologist & Geophysicist
EEOSEEOS
EEOS 120, Fall 2009EEOS 120, Fall 20093 Nov 20093 Nov 2009
Join me as we watch the travel log of our friendsJoin me as we watch the travel log of our friendsWater and Sand Water and Sand
Today’s JourneyToday’s JourneyToday’s JourneyToday’s Journey
RiversRivers– TypesTypes– CharacteristicsCharacteristics
DeltasDeltas– FormForm– FunctionFunction
What Role Does Erosion Play?What Role Does Erosion Play?
RiversRivers– TypesTypes– CharacteristicsCharacteristics
DeltasDeltas– FormForm– FunctionFunction
What Role Does Erosion Play?What Role Does Erosion Play?
Stream HydrographStream HydrographStream HydrographStream Hydrograph
Image courtesy of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
StreamStreamRegionsRegionsStreamStream
RegionsRegions
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Aggradation v DegradatonAggradation v DegradatonAggradation v DegradatonAggradation v Degradaton
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See image at http://www.ingeba.org/lurralde/lurranet/lur30/30soria/30soria1.gif
Figure by UMB OpenCourseWare.Figure by UMB OpenCourseWare.
Transport v. SupplyTransport v. SupplyTransport v. SupplyTransport v. Supply
Meander EvolutionMeander EvolutionMeander EvolutionMeander Evolution
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River River SinuositySinuosity
River River SinuositySinuosity
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Braided RiverBraided RiverSystemsSystems
Braided RiverBraided RiverSystemsSystems
Braided River, Jasper NPBraided River, Jasper NPBraided River, Jasper NPBraided River, Jasper NP
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Photo by Hillebrand, Steve
Braided River Flood PlainBraided River Flood PlainBraided River Flood PlainBraided River Flood Plain
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Braided FlowBraided FlowBraided FlowBraided Flow
Image courtesy of NASA
Bar Bar TypesTypes
Bar Bar TypesTypes
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Meander EvolutionMeander EvolutionMeander EvolutionMeander Evolution
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BraidedBraidedMorphologyMorphology
BraidedBraidedMorphologyMorphology
Images removed due to copyright restrictions.
Images removed due to copyright restrictions.
Straight Channel FlowStraight Channel FlowStraight Channel FlowStraight Channel Flow
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Meandering RiversMeandering RiversSystemsSystems
Meandering RiversMeandering RiversSystemsSystems
MeanderingMeanderingMorphologyMorphologyMeanderingMeanderingMorphologyMorphology
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Meandering Channel FlowMeandering Channel FlowMeandering Channel FlowMeandering Channel Flow
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MeanderMeanderEvolutionEvolutionMeanderMeanderEvolutionEvolution
The Shape of a River
Straight
Sinuous
Meandering
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Meander Flood PlainMeander Flood PlainMeander Flood PlainMeander Flood Plain
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OxbowOxbowFormationFormation
OxbowOxbowFormationFormation
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Mississippi MeandersMississippi MeandersMississippi MeandersMississippi Meanders
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Mississippi MeandersMississippi MeandersMississippi MeandersMississippi Meanders
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MeanderMeanderTypesTypes
MeanderMeanderTypesTypes
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StreamStreamClassificationClassification
StreamStreamClassificationClassification
StreamCharacter
StreamCharacter
Stream Cross SectionsStream Cross SectionsStream Cross SectionsStream Cross Sections
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Channel TypesChannel TypesChannel TypesChannel Types
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Stream Morphology & SlopeStream Morphology & SlopeStream Morphology & SlopeStream Morphology & Slope
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Control of SlopeControl of SlopeControl of SlopeControl of Slope
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Rosgen ClassificationRosgen ClassificationRosgen ClassificationRosgen Classification
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ErosionErosionandand
Sediment TransportSediment Transport
ErosionErosionandand
Sediment TransportSediment Transport
Sediment TransportSediment TransportSediment TransportSediment Transport
Image courtesy of USGS
Stream Bank ProcessesStream Bank ProcessesStream Bank ProcessesStream Bank Processes
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Flood Plain Cross SectionFlood Plain Cross SectionFlood Plain Cross SectionFlood Plain Cross Section
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Flood PlainFlood PlainEvolutionEvolution
Flood PlainFlood PlainEvolutionEvolution
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Image courtesy of Karrock, under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0Image courtesy of Karrock, under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
Hjulstrom DiagramHjulstrom DiagramHjulstrom DiagramHjulstrom Diagram
SedimentSedimentTransportTransportSedimentSedimentTransportTransport
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GrainGrainSizeSize
GrainGrainSizeSize
DeltaDeltaSystemsSystems
DeltaDeltaSystemsSystems
DeltasDeltasDeltasDeltas
Definition:Definition:– An alluvial/fluvial deposit, usually triangular An alluvial/fluvial deposit, usually triangular
in shape, at the mouth of rivers, streams or in shape, at the mouth of rivers, streams or tidal inletstidal inlets
– Location were rivers discharge into large Location were rivers discharge into large bodies of standing water (lakes or oceans)bodies of standing water (lakes or oceans)
– Change in velocity facilitates the river Change in velocity facilitates the river dropping its sediment load and allowing for dropping its sediment load and allowing for the rapid aggradation of a sediment depositthe rapid aggradation of a sediment deposit
Definition:Definition:– An alluvial/fluvial deposit, usually triangular An alluvial/fluvial deposit, usually triangular
in shape, at the mouth of rivers, streams or in shape, at the mouth of rivers, streams or tidal inletstidal inlets
– Location were rivers discharge into large Location were rivers discharge into large bodies of standing water (lakes or oceans)bodies of standing water (lakes or oceans)
– Change in velocity facilitates the river Change in velocity facilitates the river dropping its sediment load and allowing for dropping its sediment load and allowing for the rapid aggradation of a sediment depositthe rapid aggradation of a sediment deposit
Processes Controlling Delta Processes Controlling Delta MorphologyMorphology
Processes Controlling Delta Processes Controlling Delta MorphologyMorphology
Mississippi River Delta - Mississippi River Delta - the classic birds footthe classic birds foot
Mississippi River Delta - Mississippi River Delta - the classic birds footthe classic birds foot
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ChannelizedChannelizedSectionSectionLowerLower
MississippiMississippiRiver Delta;River Delta;
CurrentCurrentTerminalTerminal
LobeLobe
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The Nile - The Nile - the classicthe classic
wave-wave-dominateddominated
The Nile - The Nile - the classicthe classic
wave-wave-dominateddominated
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The Fly -The Fly -the classic the classic
tide-dominatedtide-dominated
The Fly -The Fly -the classic the classic
tide-dominatedtide-dominated
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Delta DevelopmentDelta DevelopmentDelta DevelopmentDelta Development
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Delta Evolution -Delta Evolution -the Mississippi River Deltathe Mississippi River Delta
Delta Evolution -Delta Evolution -the Mississippi River Deltathe Mississippi River Delta
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Delta Evolution -Delta Evolution -the Mississippi River Deltathe Mississippi River Delta
Delta Evolution -Delta Evolution -the Mississippi River Deltathe Mississippi River Delta
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The Mississippi & the USACEThe Mississippi & the USACEThe Mississippi & the USACEThe Mississippi & the USACE
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Old River Flow ControlOld River Flow ControlOld River Flow ControlOld River Flow Control
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