Multilingualism for all: European Language Policy & Frisian Language Planning
Frisian & Low Franconian - University of Floridaweb.clas.ufl.edu/users/drjdg/OE/pubs/OFOLF.pdf ·...
Transcript of Frisian & Low Franconian - University of Floridaweb.clas.ufl.edu/users/drjdg/OE/pubs/OFOLF.pdf ·...
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Frisian & Low FranconianIngvæonism, Continental West Germanic & You
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The Frisians
First mentioned by the Romans (Frisii)
North Sea Germanic by designation
First famous for their "terpen"
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Frisian Contact
When the Angles & Saxons went to England, they couldn't have helped going through Frisian territory
Some went along
This emptying of space allowed for Frisian expansion
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Old Frisian
Much like the Saxons, the Frisians were eventually taken over by the Franks
Frisian territory ultimately wound up split between Holland, Germany and Denmark
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Old Low FranconianOld Low Franconian is one of several Franconian languages, including many of the High German dialects
It is distinguished by two features:
Absence of the High German 2nd Consonant Shift
Ingvæonisms
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Ingvæonic?
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Features of Ingvæonic
Nasal loss with compensatory lengthening (Nasalschwund mit Ersatzdehnung)
German Frisianfünf fiif "five"sanft sacht "soft"uns us "us"
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Features of Ingvæonic
Germ. Schaf, Dutch schaap N. Hollands scheep, Frisian schiep = i.e. *ā> Ingvæonic ē
Loss of [l]: *ald > alt, old but Dutch oud, goud, soud
You also see this feature in things like Gans / gōs
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More Ingvæonic
Morphological Features of Ingvæonic
1.) -s plural 2.) 3rd pers. hi (developing from PIE *-is, whereas German uses *iz, which then rhotacises to er )3.) very early loss of acc./dat. distinction in first/second person pronouns -- mi/di4.) is instead of ist5.) -schaft not represented by -schap but rather by -schip/-ship
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Old Dutch
hebban olla vogala nestas bagunnan hinase hic ende thu wat unbiddan uue nu
“all birds have begun their nests except for I and you what do we expect now”