Fresh Water Chapter 1 Water and Atmosphere. Lesson 1: Water on Earth.
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Transcript of Fresh Water Chapter 1 Water and Atmosphere. Lesson 1: Water on Earth.
Lake Hopatcong is an example of
A reservoir A reservoir is a
manmade lake created by building a dam. The reservoir is a way to store water for human use.
Other types of lakes include volcanic lakes, glacial lakes, and rift valley lakes (p.15).
What are the differences between a lake and a pond?
Ponds are shallow bodies of still water.
Sunlight reaches the bottom allowing plants to grow.
Plants, bacteria and algae share the ecosystem with small animals.
Lakes are deeper bodies of still water.
Sunlight does not reach the bottom and lakes are colder than ponds.
Larger fish and organisms can survive in lakes. Bacteria and algae are also present.
is the process of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) building up in a lake. The nutrients cause an algal bloom (population explosion), which forms a thick layer on the surface of the lake. The algae block sunlight preventing photosynthesizing organisms from the sun. This creates a shift in the food webs and ecosystems of the lake. Dead organisms, nutrients, and sediments begin to fill in the lake. Over time the lake fills in and becomes a meadow.
Lake eutrophication
Fertilizer runoff from agriculture, golf courses, and lands developed for homes.
Poor land usage practices can lead to topsoil runoff.
Inorganic waste from factories and cities. Excess sediments runoff from mining or from
deforestation.
How could humans impact lake eutrophication?
What is a watershed?
Also called a drainage basin, a watershed is land that supplies water to a river system. Smaller tributaries feed the larger rivers making up the river system.
Look at the map on p.12 of your textbook. Identify the major watersheds in the United
States. Which landform is the divide separating New
Jersey from those major watersheds? We need a different map to investigate New
Jersey’s watersheds.
Watersheds
What is our watershed address?
New Jersey’s five watershed regions and major waterways (click)
(or click here for online link)
Cup ID
Speculated Contaminant
Speculated Contaminant Source
Actual Contaminant
Point or Nonpoint Pollution?
Cup A
Cup B
Cup C
Cup D
Cup E
Cup F
Please set up this data table in your notebook.
Cup ID
Speculated Contaminant
Speculated Contaminant Source
Actual Contaminant
Point or Nonpoint Pollution?
Cup A
Cup B
Cup C
Cup D
Cup E
Cup F
Investigate your water sample. Try to determine the contaminant.
What could be a likely source?
Water pollution comes in many forms and the source of the contaminants is not always obvious.
There are two types of water pollution: Point source Nonpoint source
Water Pollution
What’s the Point? (source of pollution)
Point Source Pollutants
Point source water pollution occurs when the contaminant comes from an obvious source.
Point source contaminants come from industrial, commercial, and residential.
Often there are waste products that are a byproduct of daily operations.
Nonpoint Source Pollutants
Nonpoint source water pollution occurs when the contaminant comes from a source that is not easily identifiable or from a number of sources.
Nonpoint pollution often originates as precipitation and collects contaminants as it travels across the ground until it becomes polluted.
Point Source vs. Nonpoint Source: Which is more difficult to identify and control?
Examples of point pollution include: tanker oil spill in water, animal waste treatment lagoon spills, or wastewater treatment facilities.
Examples of nonpoint pollution include: agricultural or urban runoff (fertilizers), runoff from parking lots (grease, gasoline), salt contamination from road de-icing.
Cup ID
Speculated Contaminant
Speculated Contaminant Source
Actual Contaminant
Point or Nonpoint Pollution?
Cup A Soil/Sediment
Cup B Bleach
Cup C Oil
Cup D Detergent
Cup E Fertilizer
Cup F None
The Actual Contaminants:Are these point or nonpoint sources of
water pollution?
Cup ID
Speculated Contaminant
Speculated Contaminant Source
Actual Contaminant
Point or Nonpoint Pollution?
Cup A Soil/Sediment
Nonpoint
Cup B Bleach Nonpoint
Cup C Oil Point and Nonpoint
Cup D Detergent Nonpoint
Cup E Fertilizer Nonpoint
Cup F None N/A
The Actual Contaminants:Are these point or nonpoint sources of
water pollution?
Lesson 3: Water Underground
What percentage of fresh water is underground?
30% of fresh water is underground.
Let’s see how it gets there.
Which property allows water to pass this concrete?
Can you name some substances that allow water to pass through them?
What is the opposite property called?
Sand and Clay are tiny sediments.
Which sediment has larger particles?
Which sediment has more space for water to filter through?
Permeable or impermeable?
Does the ground water stay in one place?
No. Groundwater can travel hundreds of kilometers and stay in the aquifer for thousands of years.
Why is the confined aquifer under pressure?
The clay and shale reduce movement of the water due to low permeability.