Fresh Cut Flowers
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Transcript of Fresh Cut Flowers
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Fresh Cut Flowers
Rob Schwartz & Rob McGahy
Import Requirements
30 July 2013
Biosecurity
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 230 July 2032
INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK
WTO SPS Agreement
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WTO SPS AgreementWorld Trade Organisation Agreement on theApplication of Sanitary & Phytosanitary Measures
WTO SPS agreement applies to all SPS measures which may, directly or indirectly affect international trade
Appropriate level of protection:
• ...‘level of protection deemed appropriate by the WTO Member establishing a sanitary or phytosanitary measure to protect human, animal or plant life or health within its territory’
• Members have the right to determine their own ALOP
• ...‘taking into account the objective of minimising negative trade effects’ (i.e. applying the least trade restrictive SPS measures to achieve ALOP)
• Provisions of the SPS Agreement include…
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 330 July 2013
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Assessment of riskApplication of SPS measures must bebased on an appropriate riskassessment that:
• is appropriate to the circumstances
• is based on scientific principles
• considers appropriate biological, scientific and economic (including environmental) evidence
• takes into account, international standards/guidelines, whenever possible
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 430 July 2013
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HarmonisationWTO SPS Agreement is underpinned by 3standard setting bodies – the three sisters
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 530 July 2013
• IPPC (1952)
• 36 adopted International Standards for PhytosanitaryMeasures (ISPMs)
• OIE (1924)
• terrestrial animal code & manual
• aquatic animal code & manual
• Codex (1963)
• food standards, guidelines and codes of practice
• SPS measures shall be based on these standard setting bodies unless:
• scientific justification exists, or as a consequence of the ALOP set by a country
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Equivalence of SPS measures and adaption to regional conditions
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 630 July 2013
• Members are obliged to consider that different SPS measures may be equally effective in achieving their ALOP:
• as alternatives
• or combinations (systems)
• Members are obliged to take into account regional condition including pest/disease prevalence and official SPS controls
• e.g. pest-/disease-free areas or areas of low pest or disease prevalence
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Consistency in application ofALOP
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 730 July 2013
ALOP must be applied consistently.
• Arbitrary application of ALOP in different situations must not occur
• e.g. cannot restrict import of a commodity but allow another with identical pest risks
• Discrimination or disguised restrictions on trade must not occur
• e.g. cannot apply stricter SPS measures against a given pest than those applied against that pest domestically
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 830 July 2013
Flowers
What drives Flower Imports?
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Cut flower imports
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 930 July 2013
Cut flowers and foliage imports have a long history of trade. Flowers have been imported into Australia for decades
• Over 90 different types of fresh cut flowers and foliage currently allowed to be imported
• Many can come from all countries, others are country specific
• Seasonal imports vary but have trended upwards over the last 5 years. Roses are a good example:
2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10,000,00020,000,00030,000,00040,000,00050,000,00060,000,00070,000,00080,000,000
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Cut flower imports
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1030 July 2013
Imports are driven by the same demands as local flower production
• Special occasions
- Mothers Day
- Valentines Day
• Shows and Cultural Festivals
• Personal / Sentimental
• Some flower species areimported counter-seasonallyto Australia
MalaysiaSouth AfricaColombiaNew ZealandEthiopiaNetherlands
2012 chrysanthemum imports
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Import Requirements
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1130 July 2013
All consignments must meet Australia’s import requirements
• Free of live pests & diseases
• Description of all species ineach consignment
• Readily propagatable speciesmust be devitalised
• Certification
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry (DAFF) role
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1230 July 2013
Industry is primarily responsible for meeting requirements. However, DAFF has a key role in verifying that imported cut flowers meet Australia’s import requirements
• Free of live pests & diseases
• Assessing biosecurity risk for species and countries
• Publishing import requirements so that everyone who needs to know the requirements has access to them (eg ICON)
• Physical verification (inspection) at the border
• Ensuring that specific requirements have been met (eg treatments)
• Dealing with consignments that fail Australia’s requirements
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry (DAFF) role
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1330 July 2013
Inspection
• Inspection is not a biosecurity “measure”.It is an effective means of verifying that flowers meet Australia’s pest freedom requirement
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry (DAFF) role
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1430 July 2013
Treatments
• Because of the potential insect/arthropod risk, cut flowers currently require fumigation
• Australia’s preference is for pest issues to be managed off-shore.
• Incentives are provided to importers and suppliers to import consistently “clean” consignments
• Exemptions to mandatory fumigation for demonstrated “clean” pathways
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry (DAFF) role
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1530 July 2013
Devitalisation
• Because of the potential insect/arthropod risk, cut flowers currently require fumigation
• Some flower species have the potential to be propagated from stem cuttings
• It is a requirement that all readily propagatable flowers must be either physically or chemically devitalised
• Devitalisation can:
• occur pre-shipment in specific countries, or
• Can be performed on-arrival
• Imported consignments are subject to random testing to confirm that the treatment is effective
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry (DAFF) role
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1630 July 2013
Failed inspections
• EVERY consignment is subject to inspection by DAFF
• ALL consignments which fail inspection require remedial treatment, or can be exported or destroyed
• DAFF reports all treatment failures to the supplying country authority, with the stated expectation that corrective action is applied
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1730 July 2013
Pest risk analysis for Lilium spp. cut flowers from Taiwan
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Lilium spp. cut flowers from Taiwan
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1830 July 2013
Taiwan requested market access in December 2009.
• The request was rated aspriority A for Taiwan by theImport Market Access AdvisoryGroup (IMAAG).
• Lilium cut flower imports from allother countries were rated aspriority B by IMAAG.
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Draft policy review: Alternative risk management measures to importLilium spp. cut flowers from Taiwan
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 1930 July 2013
Taiwan requested market access in December 2009.
• The assessment took into account the pests and pathogens present in Taiwan on the cut flower pathway.
• The quarantine pests identified as requiring measures to manage the risks include some species of beetles, thrips, leafminers and moths, as well as several viruses.
• The proposed management measures are designed to reduce risk to a very low level in order to achieve Australia’s appropriate level of protection.
• Representatives from DAFF visited Taiwan to view the production processes.
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Proposed risk management measures and operational procedures
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 2030 July 2013
• Flowers must be free of bulbils.
• Either a systems approach to control insect pests administered by Taiwan’s NPPO, or methyl bromide fumigation.
• Pre-export phytosanitary inspection of lily cut flowers, as well as certification by the NPPO that the consignment is free of quarantine pests.
• On-arrival inspection to verify that quarantine pests or any other regulated articles are identified if present, and subjected to remedial action.
• Clearance by DAFF.
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Consultation process for the Draft Policy Review
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 2130 July 2013
• In March 2012 DAFF advised industry through the Post Entry Plant Industry Consultative Committee (PEPICC) of the policy review.
• The draft policy was released in November 2012 and the comment period was extended from 30 days to 60 days at the request of Australian flower industry.
• Nine comments were received within the comment period and three late submissions were also accepted.
• Comments were received from state and territory governments, industry and growers, as well as Taiwan.
• A teleconference was held with the flower industry to discuss the draft results of the review in May 2013.
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Finalisation of the Policy Review
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 2230 July 2013
• The proposed measures are consistent with DAFF’s existing policy for imported cut flowers and for other commodities.
• Australia has a long history of safe trade in cut flowers from a number of countries.
• DAFF is currently preparing the Final Policy Review for Lilium cut flowers from Taiwan for release.
• Work plans and final import conditions are yet to be finalised.
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Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Fresh Cut Flowers – Import RequirementsRob Schwartz and Rob McGahy 2330 July 2013
QUESTIONS?