FRENCH ART Brief survey Many thanks to Dr. P. Schrock for her input. Copyright, 2011 Dr. Th. Saint...
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Transcript of FRENCH ART Brief survey Many thanks to Dr. P. Schrock for her input. Copyright, 2011 Dr. Th. Saint...
FRENCH ARTBrief survey
Many thanks to Dr. P. Schrock for her input.
Copyright, 2011 Dr. Th. Saint Paul Lay out: Elizabeth Logsdon
Murray State University
Art and Societyreflect each other
• Classified by broad sweeping changes from era to era
Detail from Bourges Cathedral:Battle of Roncevaux/ Song of Roland (800 -9th c)
The Middle AgesRomanesque (9/10thc-12thc)Vezelay, Autun, Bourges, Conques…
GothicNotre Dame (Paris)
gargoyleshttp://ndparis.free.fr/index.html
Gothic,Chartres Cathedral, France, 12th C
Notre Dame de Paris,Rosace
Albi cathedral pillar
Cathar Castle (SW FRANCE)--- Arques
Fortified City of Carcassonne (SW)
The Renaissance (16th c)
Madonna of the Meadow Raphael(Italian) 1505
Meaning “rebirth” in French1400-1600
Italian in origin
Stressed forms of classical antiquity (roman/greek)Space based on perspective and everyday detailsAdded religious topics
The northern Renaissance in Flanders :
BRUEGEL, Pieter the Elder
Flemish painter (b. ca.1525, d. 1569, Brussels
The Fall of Icarus
BRUEGEL, Pieter the Elder Children's
Games 1559-60
LEONARDO da Vinci
(b. 1452, Vinci, d. 1519, Cloux, near Amboise, France)Mona Lisa (La Gioconda)c. 1503-5
Renaissance architecture :
the Palace of Fontainebleau
Classical mythology Italian artists, who worked for Francois I from 1530 to 1560.
The first School of Fontainebleau introduced Mannerism to
France.
• Diana Huntress1550-60
Gabrielle d'Estrées and one of her Sisters c. 1595
Jean Goujon the greatest 16th-century French sculptor.
• the Fontaine des Innocents, 1548
• Goujon rejected the Mannerism of the Fontainebleau school
• revival of the classical purity of later 5th century Greek art.
Nymph1548-49MarbleMusée du Louvre, Paris
17th century: Baroque (classicism)
• Violent movement• Strong emotion
and dramatic lighting and colors
• Examples: N. Poussin, Georges Latour, Louis Le Nain, Hyacinthe Rigaud (Louis XIV)
http://www.chateauversailles.fr/
Nicholas Poussin: Et in Arcadia Ego'1637-39-Musée du Louvre, Paris
The Holy Family on the Steps - Poussin 1648Inspiration from the Greeks and the Romans
Georges La Tour (1640’s) The New Born
Influenced by Italian painter of light and darkness, Caravaggio
18th century: Rococo• Originated in France• Highly decorated
forms• In reaction to the
massiveness of the Baroque
• Examples: Jean – Antoine
Watteau, Jean-Honoré
FRAGONARD.Happy Accidents of the Swing Fragonard 1767
18th century:
Neoclassicism:The Oath of the Horatii J-L
David 1784
Neoclassical painting
• Late 18th to early 19th centuries
• Revived order and harmony of ancient Roman and Greek art
• Examples: Jacques Louis David
Romanticism
• Late 18th to mid 19th centuries
• Utilized drama and bright colors
• Reaction to Neoclassicism
• Examples: Eugene Delacroix and Theodore Gericault
Delacroix: Liberty Leading the People , 1830
19th CenturyDelacroix: The Death of Sardanapalus 1827
19thc Realism: Courbet, The Stone Breakers, 1849
Impressionism• Late 19th century • Focused on transitory, visual impressions• Often painted directly from nature• Emphasis on changing effects of light and
color• Examples: Edgar Degas, Edouard Manet,
Claude Monet, and Auguste Renoir• Salon of the “refused”artists (1874, Paris)
Edouard Manet
• Dejeuner sur l’herbe & Olympia 1863
Monet Renoir
Villa by the Seaside,1874- Berthe Morisot
Le Moulin de la Galette 1876
Nympheas1887
Pointillism
• 1880’s• Developed by
Seurat and Signac
• Dots that were to mix in the eyes of its viewers
• Also called divisionism or neoimpressionism
La Grande Jatte, Seurat,
1884-86
Post Impressionism• Turn of the century
• Reaction against Impressionism
• Examples: • Paul Cezanne and • Paul Gauguin
The Basket of Apples , Cézanne 1895
Van Gogh
Art Nouveau• MODERN
IMAGINATION AND ESTHETICS
posters for the theater• Example: Henri de
Toulouse – Lautrec
• A Mucha ( Sarah Bernhardt )
Sculpture –Auguste Rodin The Thinker/Le Penseur [1881)
Louvre
Camille Claudel, L’Age mur(1899-1913) Musée d'Orsay
• Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi
• French Sculptor, 1834-1904
• The Statue of Liberty
–Gustave Eiffel
–The Eiffel Tower (1889)
Art Nouveau: architecture
Victor Horta, architect Belgian, 1861 – 1947
Interior of the Tassel House, 1893
Subway in Paris by Guimard
Avant-Garde until World War II
FauvismCubismAbstract ART DadaSurrealismPost-modernism (After WWII)Pop ArtOp ArtPerformance ArtNeo-ExpressionismEnvironmental Art
20th century (1900-1950)The School of Paris, Modernism: abstraction and color
Henri MATISSE http://www.matissepicasso.org/home.asp
Fauvism: Liberation of Color, re-interpretation of “reality”
Red Interior on Blue Table (1947)
Woman with the Hat (1905)
Henri Rousseau: naïve art
Cubism ( leader Picasso: geometrical forms, interpretation of space)
Houses at L’Estaque – Georges Braque (1908)
DADA Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
Ready-made, scandalous art
Surrealism
• 1920’s and 1930’s
• Tries to explore the subconcious pictorially
• Example: René Magritte (Belgian)
The Treachery of Images -Magritte 1928
Paul Delvaux (Belgian)
1897-1994
The Village of the Mermaids, 1942
Pygmalion, 1939
Postmodernism (Post World War II)Jean HelionNature morte aux pains et salueurs, 1946 Le second Royaume (1983)
Vasarely (1906-1997)—Op Art
Contemporary art. Jean Tinguely Homage to Stravinsky, Paris 1980
Nikki de St Phalle
• 1961, New Realists
Nanas, 1974
Christo (wrappings) 1985
Modern Architecture—Pompidou Center (1971-77)
PEI
(architect) (The Louvre glass pyramid)