AFRICAN INDEPENDENCEFreedom at last…Now what?

Political Challenges

Many hoped for Democracy Most were military regimes

dictatorships Civil War

Random borders = rise in ethnic groups Leads to violence, civil war, and

genocide

Economic Challenges

Most choose capitalism or socialism Face a lack of prosperity

1 crop or a single natural resource Used for military

Increase in population Weather (drought) = starvation Increase in disease – AIDS

EQUALS POVERTY!

Social Challenges

Cities and culture impacted by western civ Directed products of colonial rule

Modernization High rise apartments Wide boulevards Movie theatres, neon lights, traffic jams

Problems in cities Rural to urban migration for jobs = massive

slums Decrease in sanitation Poor transportation Increase in pollution

South Africa

ANC – African National Congress – 1912 Political party by local blacks Purpose: Econ and political reform

Afrikaners Descendants of the Dutch Strengthen segregation laws Result – Apartheid – Means Apartness

Protested by blacks Non-violent – brutally repressed

Nelson Mandela Popular leader for blacks Went to prison for treason Released and became President of SA

Rural Problems

West Civ had less of an impact Lack of modern amenities

Ex – plumbing and electricity

Home to ¾ of the population Traditional Economy

Farm, hunt, and raise livestock Practice traditional beliefs