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Frederick Herzberg

Motivational Theory

Karen Muska

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Herzberg, a clinical psychologistand pioneer of job enrichment,developed his motivation theoryduring his investigation of 200accountants and engineers in

the USA.

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Herzberg showed that satisfactionand dissatisfaction at work almostalways arose from differentfactors

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According to Helzberg,

Man has two sets of needs:

As an animal toavoid pain

As a human being togrow psychologically

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Two Factor Motivational Theory

Hygiene factorsare needed to ensure an employeedoes not become dissatisfied. They do not lead to

higher levels of motivation, but without them there isdissatisfaction.

People are influenced by two factors:

Motivation factors are needed in order to motivate

an employee into higher performance. These factorsresult from internal generators in employees.

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Examples of Hygiene Needs orMaintenance Factors

The organization, its policies & administration

Kind of supervision (leadership & management,

including perceptions)

Relationship with supervisor

Work conditions (including ergonomics)

Salary

Status

Job security

Interpersonal relations

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Hygiene Needs

People will strive to achieve hygieneneeds because they are unhappy without

them, but once satisfied, the effect soonwears off satisfaction is temporary.(Chapman)

Parallels with Maslows Hierarchyof Needs Motivational Model

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True Motivators

Achievement

Recognition for achievement

Work itself (interest in the task)

Responsibility Growth and advancement

Represents a far deeper level of meaningand fulfillment

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Relationship to School Administration

A school environment should meet the basichygiene needs of students, teachers and staff toavoid unhappiness and dissension.

School administrators can help fulfill these needs by: Helping to provide teachers and students with the resources

they need (supplies, technology, etc.),

Ensuring a safe, clean, inviting work and learning environment

Developing and nurturing relationships

Providing or advocating for appropriate monetary compensation

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Motivators in Education and Business:

Achievement

Recognition for achievement

Work itself (interest in the task)

Responsibility

Growth and advancement

Represents a far deeper level of meaningand fulfillment

Plus:

Shared Vision

Collaboration and Communication

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References

Chapman, Alan (n.d.). Frederick Herzberg motivationaltheory, motivators and hygiene factors.Businessballs.com Retrieved 7/21/10 fromhttp://www.businessballs.com/herzberg.htm

Frederick Herzberg (1968). "One More Time: How DoYou Motivate Employees?". Harvard Business Review

Value Based Management.net. Two Factor Theory

Herzberg, Frederick. Retrieved from:http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.html

http://www.businessballs.com/herzberg.htmhttp://harvardbusiness.org/http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.htmlhttp://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.htmlhttp://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.htmlhttp://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.htmlhttp://harvardbusiness.org/http://www.businessballs.com/herzberg.htm