FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT “FDR”FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT “FDR”DOMESTICDOMESTIC

The Democrats knew the Republican party was taking blame for the depression and started running for office immediately

FDR32nd President 1932- 1945

Born: January 20, 1882Hyde Park, New YorkDied: April 12, 1945Warm Springs, GeorgiaState Elected From:

New YorkPolitical Party:

DemocratVice President:

John N. Garner 1933-41Henry A. Wallace (41-45)Harry S. Truman (1945)

Platform: New Deal

A. Democrats-Franklin Delano Roosevelt

1. FDR was governor of New Yorka. Ran for vice-president in 1920 and

was Secretary of the Navy during WWI2. Democratic platform-

a. Urged the repeal of Prohibition and made general appeals for Reform and Recovery with a “New Deal”

(1)The Election of 1932

B. Republicans re-nominated Herbert Hoover

1. They had no better alternative

C. Roosevelt carried 42 of the 48 states- he won overwhelmingly!

D. People blamed Hoover and the Republicans for the Depression

• The 1932 presidential election showed that Americans were clearly ready for a change

• Republicans re-nominated Hoover despite his low approval rating

• The Democrats nominated Franklin Delano Roosevelt

ROOSEVELT WINS OVERWHELMING VICTORY

• Democrat Roosevelt, known popularly as FDR, was a 2-term governor of New York

• FDR was a distant cousin of Teddy Roosevelt

• The Democrats also won huge victories in the house and senate

• Greatest Democratic victory in 80 years

FDR easily won the 1932 election

Political Maps: 1928 vs 1932

• Hoover is blue

• The Political Map flipped on Hoover

(6) 20th Amendment-

A. It changed the presidential inauguration from March 4 to January 20.

B. Hoover was a Lame Duck- a person leaving office that has not been re-elected has little or no influence.

RADIO: THE ORIGINAL

ENTERTAINMENT

• Sales of radios greatly increased in the 1930s, from 13 million in 1930 to 28 million by 1940

• Nearly 90% of American homes owned a radio

Families spent hours listening to the radio

(3) ROOSEVELT’S FIRESIDE CHATS

• FDR communicated to Americans via radio

• His frequent “Fireside Chats” weekly radio updates of the government’s efforts during the Depression

POPULAR RADIO SHOWS

• Popular radio shows included comedies with Bob Hope, Jack Benny, and the duo of Burns and Allen

• Soap operas (named because they were sponsored by soap companies) ran in the mornings, kids shows in the afternoon and entertainment at night

Hope

Burns Allen

Benny

FAMOUS RADIO MOMENTS

• Orson Welles created a radio special called War of the Worlds

• It was an epic drama about aliens landing in America

• Unfortunately, many thought it was a news broadcast and panicked

FIRESIDE CHATS:

March 12th – FDR held the first ofmany Fireside Chats

FDR’s informal talks through radio in which he calmly but confidently explained in simple terms the nation’s problems & how the NewDeal planned to defeat the Depression

Many Americans felt he was speaking directly to them.

He often received 50,000 letters a day after a Fireside

Chat.

(2) FRANCIS PERKINS1. A teacher and social worker

who was originally from Boston, MA and eventually moved to New York

2. The first woman to be named to a cabinet position. She was named the Secretary of Labor in 1933.

3. She supported workers’ rights to join unions.

The “BRAIN TRUST”A group of brilliant social,

economic and political thinkers who comprised Roosevelt's cabinet.

This group advised FDR in developing his 15 relief agencies to make advances in recovery efforts.

THE NEW DEAL

AMERICA GETS BACK TO WORK

FDR LAUNCHES A (4) NEW DEAL

• FDR promised a “new deal” for the American people

• He took office with a flurry of activity known as “The Hundred Days”

• The 100 Days lasted from March to June 1933

THE HUNDRED DAYSMarch 9th – June 16th

1. The senate met for exactly 100 days to pass laws that would hopefully get America out of the Depression.

2. March 6th- 1st order of business was to call a “Bank Holiday”- 1933 to stop massive withdrawals that day.

3. March 9th - Emergency Banking Act: only financially sound banks were allowed reopen.

THE “NEW DEAL”:FDR’s Platform.

It had 3 general aims:

(5) RELIEF 1. Immediate action taken to

halt the economy’s deterioration.

2. FDR launched large-scale programs of direct relief to aid the nation’s 13 million unemployed workers.

3. Most Americans disliked relief. They wanted jobs-not handouts- so organizations were created to address that issue. (See 100 days Chart- Assignment #4)

(5) RECOVERY1. Temporary programs to

restart the flow of consumer demand.

2. “Priming the Pump”- FDR poured money into the economy through federal loans and government spending.

(5) REFORM

1. Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters.