Fracturing Water Quality Western North Dakota Water Resources Opportunities 10 Dec 2009 Mike...
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Transcript of Fracturing Water Quality Western North Dakota Water Resources Opportunities 10 Dec 2009 Mike...
Fracturing Water QualityWestern North Dakota Water Resources Opportunities
10 Dec 2009
Mike Eberhard P.E.Technical Manager
Denver, CO
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 2
Water Considerations
Water sources• Well, municipal, river, reused,
etc.
Environmental Impact Costs to acquire and dispose
• All inclusive
Storage and handling• Pits or tanks
• Trucking or pipeline
Regulatory requirements• Federal, State, BLM, etc.
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 3
Water Quality Concerns
Treatment Type• Gelled fluid or water frac
Bacteria, scaling, residual chemicals
Water analysis• TDS, hardness, cations,
anions• Scaling tendencies
Consistency is
imperative
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 4
Water Quality Guidelines
* Limits are interdependent
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 5
Bacteria
Can double in population every 20 min Can cause formation damage and H2S
Significant problem in reused fluids
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 6
Typical Gelled Frac Fluid Chemistry
Base water Temporary clay control Biocide Scale inhibitor Gelling agent pH buffer Crosslinker Surfactant Breaker
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 7
Flowback Water/Produced Brines
Mixing different waters may exaggerate scaling problems
Storage and handling Water treatment
• Filter as required• Bacteria shock then store
Retreat for bacteria on fly• Remove bad actors
(Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Fe) • Add scale inhibitors as needed, based on source water
Lab testing• Cores for formation damage• Chemical compatibility
Dilute w/ fresh water to get below limits
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 8
Bakken Water Analysis
Bakken Produced Water – BPW, Referenced Municipal Water - RMW
© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 9
Formation Water Scaling Tendencies