Fourth Edition - Test Bank Go!---all FREE!! · Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank for Chaffee ......

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank

for

Chaffee

The Philosopher’s Way Thinking Critically About Profound Ideas

Fourth Edition

Pearson Education Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River

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Copyright © 2013, Pearson Education, Inc., One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced with The Philosopher’s Way: Thinking Critically About Profound Ideas, Fourth Edition, by John Chaffee, provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any form for any other purpose without written permission from the copyright owner. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290.

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ISBN-10: 0-205-39959-2

ISBN-13: 978-0-205-39959-8


© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. iii

Contents MySearchLab Instructor Resources IRC-1

Sample Syllabus IRC-2

Chapter 1 What is Philosophy? Thinking Philosophically About Life 1

Chapter 2 What is the Philosopher’s Way? Socrates and the Examined Life 7

Chapter 3 Who are you? Consciousness, Identity, and the Self 13

Chapter 4 Are you free? Freedom and Determinism 19

Chapter 5 How can we know the Nature of Reality? Philosophical Foundations 25

Chapter 6 What is real? What is true? Further Explorations 31

Chapter 7 Is there a Spiritual Reality? Exploring the Philosophy of Religion 37

Chapter 8 Are there Moral Truths? Thinking about Ethics 43

Chapter 9 What are Right Actions? Constructing an Ethical Theory 49

Chapter 10 What is Social Justice? Creating a Just State 55


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MySearchLab Instructor Resources

This guide identifies the media resources found on the MySearchLab that accompanies Chaffee, The Philosopher’s Way, Fourth Edition, and describes how to make effective use of these instructional materials in your course.

MultimediaResourcesThe multimedia resources section provides a brief list of resources that can be found in MySearchLab, including flashcards, podcasts, videos, and profiles—all organized chapter by chapter.

MySearchLabAssignmentsThree activities per chapter connect concepts in the textbook to the features of MySearchLab, giving stu-dents the opportunity to apply what they’re learning in the classroom to real world experiences.

Explore the Concept on mysearchlab.com

This activity presents students with an idea or ques-tion and asks them to examine it in greater detail. Often, questions can be explored in the Analyze and Discuss tool on MySearchLab, where a classroom dis-cussion can take place online via discussion board.

Read the Document on mysearchlab.com

Chosen from the over 200 primary sources in MyThinkingLibrary, these activities give students a key idea to work through while interpreting a pri-mary source text.

Listen to the Podcast on mysearchlab.com

Podcasts from a wide variety of sources are brought together on MySearchLab to explore the contem-porary impact of ancient and modern philosophy.

Use these activities to integrate these podcasts into the classroom experience.

Watch the Video on mysearchlab.com

Give students a chance to see philosophy in action by showing these videos in class or assigning them for homework. Use our critical thinking questions to support student self-study or encourage classroom participation.

StudyPlanMultiple-choice chapter quizzes offer immediate feed-back and report directly to the grade book. Questions range in type according to Bloom’s Taxonomy, giv-ing students an opportunity to move from the simple understanding of key terms and concepts to the more complicated application and analysis of those concepts.

SampleSyllabusYour MySearchLab includes a sample sylla-bus, designed to demonstrate how to integrate MySearchLab resources into your curriculum. This syllabus is yours to adjust in any way you like and can help you integrate MySearchLab into your course, whether it becomes a recommended resource or 25 percent of your students’ grade.

MySearchLabConnectionsHelp your students think critically about the concepts in The Philosopher’s Way by assigning these end-of-chapter questions. With this review, students have the opportunity to improve their conceptual understand-ing of philosophy, bringing multimedia resources and their own ideas into the analysis of in-text content.

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weeks you will complete two MySearchLab assignments online as follows:

• By Tuesday midnight, complete the MySearchLab Pre-Test.

• By Thursday midnight, complete the MySearchLab Post-test.

StudentLearningObjectives• Think critically about major issues in philosophy.

• Use the philosophical process, including under-standing an issue, learning a variety of viewpoints, articulating one’s own point of view, and respond-ing to objections.

• Define the basic terminology of philosophy.

• Describe the major fields in Western philosophy.

• Evaluate the major theoretical approaches in vari-ous philosophical fields.

• Apply the concepts of philosophy to one’s own contemporary experiences.

GradeComputationMySearchLab Pre- and Post-Tests: 25%Midterm Exam: 25%Final Exam: 50%

Sample Course Syllabus Introduction to Philosophy

RequiredTextbookThe Philosopher’s Way: Thinking Critically About Pro-found Ideas, Fourth Edition, by John Chaffee (Pearson/ Prentice Hall), with access to MySearchLab (www.mysearchlab.com).

CourseDescriptionThis course will introduce you to the major fields in the Western philosophical tradition. In particular, you will study the major fields, problems, theories, and per-sonalities of philosophy through the biographies and writings of leading thinkers. You will also learn how the theories of classic philosophers can help you to resolve moral, political, practical, and spiritual problems that you confront in your day-to-day life. Thus, by studying the theories within the major fields of philosophy, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of the history of Western thought. Additionally, through contempo-rary application of those theories, you will develop your own philosophical perspective on modern social, politi-cal, and religious issues.

CourseContentMost of our class meetings will consist in lecture/ discussion. To be prepared for class, you will need to read the assigned chapter before class. MySearchLab provides an audio version of your textbook to make it easy for you to keep up with the reading. My lec-tures will cover the highlights from the assigned chap-ter in order. Our discussion will be facilitated by MySearchLab Quick Review, an instant opinion survey that will introduce you to the central controversies of the chapter. In addition to these in-class activities, most



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CourseAssignments

Week Topic Reading Assignments

1 Introduction and Course Description

2 What Is Philosophy? Chaffee, Ch. 1 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Watch the Video: Modern Philosophy; take the quiz• Watch the Video: New Breed of Thinkers; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: What Is Philosophy?; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: What Can You Do with

Philosophy?; take the quiz• Explore the Web Resource: Stanford Encyclopedia

of Philosophy

3 What Is the Philosopher’s Way?

Chaffee, Ch. 2 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Listen to the Podcast: M. M. McCabe on the Paradox of

Inquiry; take the quiz• Watch the Video: Role of the Political Philosopher; take

the quiz• Listen to the Interview: Aristotle; take the quiz• Listen to the Interview: Socrates; take the quiz• Review the Profile: Anaximenes• Review the Profile: Xenophon

4 Who Are You? Chaffee, Ch. 3 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Listen to the Podcast: Adrian Moore on Kant’s

Metaphysics; take the quiz• Watch the Video: Greek Influences on Philosophy; take

the quiz• Watch the Video: Socrates on Self-Confidence; take the quiz• Review the Profile: Immanuel Kant• Explore the Web Resource: Stanford Encyclopedia of

Philosophy: Kant Resources• Explore the Web Resource: Internet Encyclopedia of

Philosophy: John Locke (1632–1704)

5 Are You Free? Chaffee, Ch. 4 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-Test• Listen to the Podcast: Mary Warnock on Sartre’s

Existentialism; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Richard Reeves on Mill’s

On Liberty; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Roger Crisp on Utilitarianism; take

the quiz• Review the Profile: Paul-Henri Thiry• Review the Profile: Kate Millet



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CourseAssignments(continued)


6 How Can We Know the Nature of Reality?

Chaffee, Ch. 5 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-Test• Listen to the Podcast: Mary Warnock on Sartre’s

Existentialism; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Barry Stroud on Skepticism; take

the quiz• Watch the Video: Plato and Metaphysics; take the quiz• Listen to the Interview: Aristotle with Chris Bobonich;

take the quiz• Review the Profile: Rene Descartes• Review the Profile: Plato

7 Midterm Exam Prepare for the midterm by taking the MySearchLab Chapter Exams; review the key term flashcards

8 & 9 What Is Real? What Is True?

Chaffee, Ch. 6 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Listen to the Podcast: Truth: A How-To Guide; take the

quiz• Listen to the Interview: David Hume with Don Garrett;

take the quiz• Listen to the Interview: Kant with Peter Gilgen; take the

quiz• Watch the Video: Steven Pinker Chalks It Up to the Blank

Slate; take the quiz• Review the Profile: Jeremy Bentham• Review the Profile: Allison Jaggar

10 & 11

Is There a Spiritual Reality?

Chaffee, Ch. 7 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Listen to the Podcast: Anthony Kenny on Aquinas’s

Ethics; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Miranda Fricker on Blame and

Historic Injustice; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Tony Coady on Dirty Hands in

Politics; take the quiz• Watch the Video: Faith and Philosophy• Watch the Video: Eleven Theses on Feuerbach• Review the Profile: Blaise Pascal• Explore the Web Resource: Stanford Encyclopedia of

Philosophy: Søren Kierkegaard

12 Are There Moral Truths? Chaffee, Ch. 8 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Watch the Video: What Is Ethics?; take the quiz• Watch the Video: Normative Ethics; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Will Kymlicka on Minority Rights;

take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Anthony Appiah on

Cosmopolitanism; take the quiz• Listen to the Interview: The Ethicist; take the quiz



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CourseAssignments(continued)


13 What Are Right Actions? Chaffee, Ch. 9 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Watch the Video: Human, All Too Human; take the quiz• Watch the Video: Nietzsche; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Clare Carlisle on Kierkegaard’s

Fear and Trembling; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Brian Leiter on Nietzsche Myths;

take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Listening to Your Inner Voice—

Christine Todd Whitman; take the quiz

14 & 15

What Is Social Justice? Chaffee, Ch. 10 MySearchLab Pre-TestMySearchLab Post-TestMySearchLab Multimedia:• Watch the Video: Human, All Too Human; take the quiz• Watch the Video: Nietzsche; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Clare Carlisle on Kierkegaard’s

Fear and Trembling; take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Brian Leiter on Nietzsche Myths;

take the quiz• Listen to the Podcast: Listening to Your Inner Voice—

Christine Todd Whitman; take the quiz

16 Final Exam Prepare for the final by taking the MySearchLab Chapter Exams; review the key term flashcards



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1MultimediaResources

chapter What Is Philosophy?

Type Description Core Concepts

Concept Map Interactive guide to different elements of the subject

Introduction to philosophy

Commentary Taxi Driver and Philosopher Kenneth Knisley with Robert Siegel

Importance of philosophy

Flash Cards Fundamental terms and definitions

Terms key to the study of philosophy

Interview Joking, and Learning, About Philosophy—Liane Hansen with Thomas Cathcart and Daniel Klein

Authors of Plato and a Platypus Walk into a Bar… Understanding Philosophy Through Jokes

News Discussion on Doubt: A Historyby Jennifer Hecht

Skepticism

Podcast Edward Craig on What Is Philosophy?

The nature of philosophy

Podcast John Armstrong on What Can You Do With Philosophy?

Uses for the subject

Video Definition of Epistemology Theories on knowledge

Video Modern Philosophy Metaphysics, finding truths through philosophy

Video New Breed of Thinkers Merging philosophy with Science

MySearchLabAssignments

Whatisthemeaningoflife?

Using the Analyze and Discuss tool in MySearchLab, students are asked to analyze what gives meaning to their own lives and share their thoughts with classmates through online or classroom discussion.

Image Analysis

What is the meaning of life?

Each student creates his or her own list of a few points that they believe are important to answering the question. Since there is no one correct definition of the meaning of life, answers should vary widely. Have students compare and contrast their thoughts in order to come up with an overarching theme. Each student produces an answer of no more than a few sentences to share with the class. In addition to producing a defini-tion, students describe how they came to their conclusion, and how they defined what





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is meaningful. Once they have finished presenting their case, allow other students to defend or oppose the argument.

Once all the groups have contributed, the entire class attempts to create a final conclusion produced from the analysis of each individual group. Is the answer to the question satisfactory? If not, what needs to change?

EdwardCraigonWhatIsPhilosophy?

Listening to the podcast will give students an introduction to philosophy, how we define it, how it connects with other subject areas, and the value of studying philosophy.

Afterwards, students can evaluate Craig’s opinion against their own and what they learned from the chapter and answer the following questions:

• Do you agree/disagree with any of Craig’s analysis? Which parts and why?• How does the study of philosophy relate, in particular, to your life and your other

areas of study?• How will philosophy enhance your ability to make progress in other areas?

The Value of PhilosophybyBertrandRussell

The Value of Philosophy is taken from the final chapter of Bertrand Russell’s larger 1912 work Problems of Philosophy. Russell devoted much of his life to making philosophy accessible to everyone, and here he guides us through the various problems that are addressed by philosophical inquiry. In this excerpt, he explains why we should even value the practice at all and why it is vital to both general readers and scholars alike.

After reading The Value of Philosophy, ask students to consider the following:

• Bertrand Russell appears to be convinced that philosophy is worth studying. Based on Russell’s understanding of philosophy, explain how the philosophy courses you have taken could have been better presented to avoid the criticism that philosophy is mostly about hair-splitting distinctions and controversies on matters concerning which knowledge is impossible.

• Some philosophers have maintained that the unexamined life is not worth living. Explain how Russell’s analysis of philosophy’s value supports this position. Specifically address the issues of inquiry, custom, freedom, and values.

Listen to the Podcast on mysearchlab.com




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chapter

MultimediaResources

2 What Is the Philosopher’s Way?


Concept Map What Is the Philosopher’s Way?

Socrates

Commentary Zaadz Notes: Socrates with Brian Johnson

Virtue

Flashcards Fundamental terms and definitions

Terms key to the study of philosophy

Podcast M. M. McCabe on the Paradox of Inquiry

Epistemology

Podcast M. M. McCabe on Socratic Method

Debate, critical thinking

Podcast Myles Burnyeat on Aristotle on Happiness

Causes and the meaning of happiness

Video Anaxagoras Science and philosophy

Video Aristotle Politics, ethics, metaphysics, science

Video Carl Sagan—Cosmos—Democritus

Science and philosophy

Video Plato and Metaphysics Metaphysics

Video Role of the Political Philosopher

Politics

Video Socrates on Self-Confidence—Philosophy: A Guide to Happiness

Personal beliefs

Video Socratic Method Debate, critical thinking

Video What Is Political Philosophy?

Politics

Profile Tools Life and work of, as well as related resources for, Anaximenes, Aristotle, Democritus, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Plato, Pythagoras, Socrates, Thales, Thrasymachus, and Xenophon


Wheredoyouthinkphilosophically?

Using the Analyze and Discuss tool in MySearchLab, students share their thoughts about the following topic with classmates through online or classroom discussion.




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Image Analysis

Where do you think philosophically?

This discussion is concerned with the applications of philosophical thinking and debate. Essentially, the question is: How does philosophy fit into other areas of your life? Philosophical thought pervades many intellectual arenas, but there are certainly many nonacademic uses as well. As a class, discuss the places outside of the classroom where philosophy has an influence. Does philosophical thought have a role in houses of worship? Family life? Sports and entertainment? List examples for any category that is brought up and discuss why it is important to think philosophically in the specified field.

RoleofthePoliticalPhilosopher

Who are the modern political philosophers? Ask students to consider the importance of philosophical debate in the American government. What is the role of the Ameri-can president’s advisors? How does this compare to the system of government in a nondemocratically ruled nation? What impact does political philosophy have on both of these systems?

What is your own belief of what the role of a political philosopher should be? How does this differ from what you saw in the video? How does it differ from what you see in modern times?

The ApologybyPlato

One of the most famous works of western civilization, The Apology is Plato’s account of the trial of Socrates.

After reading The Apology, ask students to consider the following:

• Socrates explains how he interviewed people who were exceptionally talented in a particular area, such as poetry or the arts. He found these people believed that “because of their poetry (or other talent), they thought they were the wisest of men in other matters too, which they were not.” Describe several examples of people you know who are talented in one area and who believe that they are exceptionally wise in other areas as well.

• Socrates is a very complex individual; when we read Plato’s dialogues, in which he appears as the main character, we need to be attentive to the many layers of meaning, intricate logic, and subtlety in his nuanced use of language. Do you think that he really believes that he is only a “little wiser” than others, and that his advantage is solely due to his acceptance of the fact that he is not wise? Why or why not? Why is the admission of ignorance the beginning of wisdom?


Watch the Video on mysearchlab.com




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3MultimediaResources

Who Are You?


Concept Map Who Are You? Consciousness, identity, the self

Commentary Zaadz Notes: Socrates with Brian Johnson

Virtue

Flashcards Fundamental terms and definitions

Terms key to the study of Philosophy

News Emotion, Cognition and Consciousness

Interdisciplinary study of consciousness

News Plato’s ‘Republic’ Still Influential, Author Says—Simon Blackburn

Politics, Morality

Podcast A. C. Grayling on Descartes’ Cogito Existence

Podcast Adrian Moore on Kant’s Metaphysics

Metaphysics, reality

Podcast M. M. McCabe on the Paradox of Inquiry

Epistemology

Podcast Paul Snowdon on Persons and Animals

Definition of the self

Video Dan Dennett on our consciousness

Perception of reality

Video Greek Influences on Philosophy

Historical impact of Greek Philosophy

Video Hubert Dreyfus on Husserl and Heidegger: Section 1

Existentialism

Video Plato and Metaphysics Metaphysics

Video Socrates on Self-Confidence—Philosophy: A Guide to Happiness (Episode 1)

Personal beliefs

Video Socratic Method Debate, critical thinking

Profile Tools Life and work of, as well as related resources for, Paul Churchland, René Descartes, David Hume, Edmund Husserl, Immanuel Kant, John Locke, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Plato, Marcel Proust, Socrates, and Elizabeth V. Spelman


JohnLocke,fromOn Personal Identity

Using the Analyze and Discuss tool in MySearchLab, students share their thoughts about the following topic with classmates through online or classroom discussion.


chapter


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