FOUNDATION TIER PHYSICS 2
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4473 010001 ADDITIONAL MATERIALS In addition to this paper you may require a calculator. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Do not use a gel pen. Do not use correction fluid. Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you run out of space, use the continuation page at the back of the booklet, taking care to number the question(s) correctly. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question. You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers. A list of equations is printed on page 2. In calculations you should show all your working. You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication (QWC) used in your answer to question 7. JD*(W13-4473-01) Surname Other Names Candidate Number 0 Centre Number © WJEC CBAC Ltd. New GCSE 4473/01 ADDITIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION TIER PHYSICS 2 P.M. THURSDAY, 17 January 2013 1 hour For Examiner’s use only Question Maximum Mark Mark Awarded 1. 7 2. 9 3. 7 4. 10 5. 9 6. 12 7. 6 Total 60
Transcript of FOUNDATION TIER PHYSICS 2
4473
0100
01
ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
In addition to this paper you may require a calculator.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Do not use a gel pen. Do not use correction fluid.Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.Answer all questions.Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you run out of space, use the continuation page at the back of the booklet, taking care to number the question(s) correctly.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers.A list of equations is printed on page 2. In calculations you should show all your working.You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication (QWC) used in your answer to question 7.
JD*(W13-4473-01)
Surname
Other Names
CandidateNumber
0
CentreNumber
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
New GCSE
4473/01
ADDITIONAL SCIENCEFOUNDATION TIERPHYSICS 2
P.M. THURSDAY, 17 January 2013
1 hourFor Examiner’s use only
Question MaximumMark
MarkAwarded
1. 7
2. 9
3. 7
4. 10
5. 9
6. 12
7. 6
Total 60
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Prefix Multiplier
m 10–3
k 103
M 106
Equations
SI multipliers
power = voltage × current P = VI
resistance = R =
speed =
acceleration [or deceleration] = a =
acceleration = gradient of a velocity-time graph
momentum = mass × velocity p = mv
resultant force = mass × acceleration F = ma
force = F =
work = force × distance W = Fd
voltagecurrent
distancetime
change in velocitytime
change in momentumtime
VI
∆vt
∆pt
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Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
1. The diagram shows the forces acting on a skydiver falling through the air.
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As the skydiver jumps from an aeroplane and falls, his motion will depend on the two forces shown in the diagram.
(a) Draw one line from each statement in list A to the correct motion in list B. [3]
The forces are equal
The skydiver moves upwards
The weight is greater than the air resistance
The skydiver speeds up
Air resistance is zero
The skydiver stops
The skydiver starts to fall
The skydiver falls at constant speed
List A List B
air resistance
weight
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only (b) After jumping from an aeroplane, the skydiver’s falling velocity increases from 0 to 30 m/s in 6 s. Use an equation from page 2 to calculate the acceleration of the skydiver. [2]
Acceleration = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m/s2
(c) Explain what happens to the motion of the skydiver just after the parachute is opened. [2]
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air resistance
weight
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2. The distance-time graph shows part of a journey made by a cyclist.
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100
200
300
400
500
600
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
(a) Complete the graph using the data in the table below. [3]
Distance (m)
Time (s)
Time (s) 60 80 100 120 140Distance (m) 200 200 200 400 600
(b) Use the graph to answer the following questions.
(i) Use an equation from page 2 to calculate the speed of the cyclist during the first 40 s. [3]
Speed = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m/s
(ii) For how long was the cyclist not moving? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s [1]
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only (c) (i) Compare the speed of the cyclist in the first 40 seconds and the last 40 seconds. [1]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer. [1]
3. The diagram shows a car of mass 800 kg travelling at 12 m/s.
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(a) Use an equation from page 2 to calculate the momentum of the car. [2]
Momentum = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kg m/s. (b) As the car approaches traffic lights, they change from green to red. The car slows down
from 12 m/s to 0 m/s in 3 s.
(i) What is the momentum of the car when it stops at traffic lights? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[1]
(ii) What is the change in momentum of the car in coming to a stop? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[1]
(iii) Use an equation from page 2 to calculate the braking force that brought the car to a stop. [2]
Braking force = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N
(c) Name one factor that will increase the braking time of 3 s. [1]
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4. The diagram shows a nuclear fission reactor.
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Steel pressurevessel
Boroncontrol
rods
Uranium fuelrods Graphite
moderator
(a) (i) State which labelled part of the reactor slows down neutrons. [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Give a reason why the neutrons need to be slowed down. [1]
(b) (i) State which labelled part of the reactor absorbs neutrons. [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Give a reason why neutrons need to be absorbed. [1]
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only (c) The reaction in this type of reactor is shown below.
U + n Ba + Kr + 3 n
Use the information in the equation to answer the questions below.
(i) State the nucleon number of uranium (U). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]
(ii) State the proton number of krypton (Kr). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]
(iii) Calculate the number of neutrons in an atom of krypton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]
(d) One of the products, barium (Ba), has other isotopes. Circle the correct symbol of an isotope of barium in the following list. [1]
Ba Ba Ba
(e) The other product krypton, decays into rubidium (Rb) by emitting beta particles. Complete the decay equation shown below. [2]
Kr Rb . . . . . . . . . . . e
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235 92
142 57
9136
91. . . . . . . . . . . –1+
136 56
136 51
142 56
9136
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5. The diagram shows a circuit used to investigate currents in a parallel circuit when the voltage is varied. A lamp L and a wire W are connected in parallel with a variable voltage supply.
The circuit has 3 ammeters A1, A2 and A3 as shown.
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A1
A2
V
L
WA3
The currents through the lamp, L, and the wire, W, depend on the voltage applied to them in the way shown on the graph below.
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0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
W
L
Current (A)
Voltage (V)
variable voltage supply
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only (a) (i) Use the graph to find the current through the lamp when the voltmeter reading is
6 V. [1]
Current = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
(ii) Using an equation from page 2, calculate the resistance of the lamp at 6 V. [2]
Resistance = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ω
(iii) Using an equation from page 2, calculate the power produced by the lamp at 6 V.[2]
Power = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W
(iv) At what voltage, were the power of the lamp and wire the same? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V [1]
(v) Find the current through ammeter A1 at 6 V. [1]
Current = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
(b) The voltage supply in the diagram is increased from 6 V to 12 V.
(i) Compare the resistances of the lamp and wire at 12 V. [1]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer. [1]
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6. A smoke detector works as follows:
•Itusesaradioactivesourcethatemitsalphaparticles. •Thealphaparticlesionisetheairinsidethedetectorcausinganelectriccurrent. •Anysmokegettingintothedetectorabsorbsthealphaparticlesandchangesthecurrent. •Thechangeincurrentsetsoffthealarm.
(a) (i) What is an alpha particle? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]
(ii) Explain why the detector would not work if the radioactive source emitted gamma rays only. [2]
(iii) Explain why, in normal use, the radioactive source in the detector is not a risk to human health. [2]
(b) Americium-241 has a half-life of 432 years. Curium-242 has a half-life of 160 days. Both isotopes are alpha emitters.
(i) Explain why Americium-241 is more suitable for use in the smoke detector than Curium-242. [2]
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only (ii) An average smoke detector contains about 0.4 micrograms (µg) of Americium-241
which has an initial activity of 52 000 units.
(I) Name the unit of activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]
(II) Calculate how long it will take for the activity to drop to 26 000 units. [2]
Time = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . years
(III) Calculate the mass of Americium-241 remaining after 864 years. [2]
Mass remaining = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . µg
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7. The government is considering increasing the motorway speed limit from 70 miles per hour (mph) to 80 mph.
Standard thinking distances and braking distances for a variety of speeds are given in the table below. They apply to an alert driver on a dry day.
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Speed(mph)
Thinking Distance (m)
Braking Distance (m)
Total Stopping Distance (m)
60 18 55 73
70 21 75
80 24 97.5
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for taking a journey of 280 miles at 80 mph compared with 70 mph.
Include in your answer information from the table above and your knowledge on the topic. You should use the equation: time = distance to help in part of your answer. speed [6 QWC]
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