Forward Osmosis (Presentation)
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Transcript of Forward Osmosis (Presentation)
Wastewater Treatment Using Novel Impregnated
Membranes in Forward Osmosis
CE 498 Undergraduate Research
Ananthan BalachandranMay 8th, 2015
Presentation Outline• Objective • Introduction of forward osmosis in wastewater treatment• Type of membranes
• TFC membrane, SW30 XLE membrane & impregnated membrane
• Structure difference of membranes• Research apparatus of forward osmosis• Result
• Data for commercial membrane• Data comparison
• Discussion • Conclusion
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Objective• Currently, the commercial membrane structure
is thin film composite membrane which has larger water transport resistance because of the thickness.
• To determine whether the impregnated membranes are suitable for the wastewater treatment using forward osmosis.
• To determine the water flux and salt rejection of the impregnated membranes in forward osmosis.
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Introduction• Water becoming an scarce resource due to population growth &
economic development• Lack access to clean water
• Methods of water filtration & purification • Forward osmosis.
• Forward osmosis uses a semi-permeable membranes to get portable water from the seawater.
• The driving force of forward osmosis is osmotic pressure difference between draw & feed solutions.
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Figure 2: Forward osmosis process
Figure 1: Water
Filtration
APEC Water System. (2013). A Complete Resource Guide on Osmosis. Retrieved from Free Drinking Water: http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/resource-a-complete-resource-guide-to-osmosis.htm
Types of membranes used in Forward Osmosis
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Figure 3: TFC membrane(Commercial Membrane)
Figure 5: Impregnated Membrane
Figure 4: SW30 XLE membraneReverse Osmosis Membrane
Thickness of the impregnated membrane & commercial membrane
a) Impregnated membrane
b) Commercial membrane
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Research apparatus for forward osmosis
B
DE
AC
Figure 6: Schematic of forward osmosis membrane test apparatus
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Coat the polymer on both side of the support, using ethyl alcohol as the solvent
Method to prepare impregnated membrane
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Result
Total Time (min)
Salt Rejection (%)
Water Flux (LMH)
Salt Flux (gMH)
50 98.6 10.71 7.93
60 98.7 11.57 7.84
95 99.0 11.14 5.85
130 98.9 11.27 5.86
Theoretical Flux : 75.5 LMH
Experimental Flux : 11.1 LMH
Performance Ratio : 0.15
TFC Membrane from HTI ( Commercial Membrane)
Table 1: Data of TFC Membrane in Forward Osmosis
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Result
Type of membranesWater Flux
(LMH/bar)
Expected Water
Flux (LMH/bar)
Salty Water Flux
(LMH/bar)Performance Ratio Salt Rejection (%)
TFC 0.23 1.54 N/A 0.15 98.9
SW30 XLE 0.05 1.47 N/A 0.04 99.0
80 PEGDA 20
Ethanol0.05 0.28 0.23 0.23 95.3
60 PEGDA 40
Ethanol0.08 0.41 0.31 0.25 96.8
Comparison Between The Membranes
Table 2: Data comparison between commercial membrane, RO membrane and impregnated membrane
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Discussion
• Water flux & salt flux in impregnated membrane is lower because of concentration polarization.
-decrease the driving force
• The absolute water flux of impregnated membrane is lower than the commercial membrane.
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Conclusion
• Impregnated membrane has higher performance ratio and acceptable salt rejection although water flux is lower
• The novel impregnated membrane has higher efficient in forward osmosis in wastewater treatment
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Questions?