Fort SumterApril 12, 1861

Major Robert Anderson Gen. PGT Beauregard

Victory: Confederacy

Fort Sumter

• Message from Commander Anderson to President Lincoln: “Supplies at the Fort arealmost gone. If new supplies are not sent soon, we will be forced to surrender the fort to the Confederacy.”

• Lincoln decided to send supply ships and see what the Southerners would do

• Davis decided to take over the fort BEFORE the supply ships arrived.

• The Confederates demanded that the Union surrender.• The Union leaders reply: NEVER!• The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort. Eventually,

Major Anderson and his men ran out of ammunition and had to give up.

• The Civil War had officially begun!

Generals at Bull RunGeneral Irwin McDowell General PGT

Beauregard

Victory: Confederacy

The First Battle of Bull Run

Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson

July 1861

“There is Jackson standing like a stone wall.”

Confederate General Bernard Bee’s famous quote gave Jackson his nickname of “Stonewall” during the First Battle of Bull Run

Battle of Antietam September 1862

Gen. Robert E. LeeGen. George B. McClellan

Victory:Union

Antietam: Deadliest Day in the History of America: Sep. 17, 1862• More Americans died on this September

day than on any other day in the nation’s military history including World War II’s D-Day and September 11th terrorist attacks.

• The Union had 12,401 casualties with 2,108 dead. Confederate casualties were 10,318 with 1,546 dead. This represented 25% of the Federal force and 31% of the Confederate force.

The Bloodiest Day of the Civil War" The Battle of Antietam

Confederate Losses Union Losses

Killed-1,512 Killed--2,108

Wounded--7,816 Wounded--9,549

Captured/Missing--1,844 Captured/Missing--753

Battle of Vicksburg – July 1863

Gen. Albert JohnsonGen. Ulysses Grant

Victory:Union

Scott’s Great Snake (also known as the Anaconda Plan after the snake that kills by constriction) was proposed in 1861 by Union General Winfield Scott to win the American Civil War with minimal loss of life, by enveloping the Confederacy with a blockade at sea and control of the Mississippi River. With the victory at the Battle of Vicksburg, the Union effectively gained control of the Mississippi River to help complete the last phase of the Anaconda Plan.

The Battle of Gettysburg

Gen. Robert E. LeeGen. George Gordon Meade

Victory:Union

The Battle of Gettysburg

• July 1863• Gettysburg, Pennsylvania• Robert E. Lee was invading• One of the most important Union victories• Over 7,000 soldiers died• Turning point in the war- Lee’s army was severely

weakened due to the killing of most of his men.• He gave the famous “Gettysburg Address”

speech. Although it was less than 3 minutes, it became one of the most famous speeches in history.

Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign• May – September

1864• Sherman began

attack on Atlanta-which was a center for supplies, factories, and railroads

• Sherman sent a message to Lincoln telling him that he had taken over Atlanta and “Atlanta is ours and fairly won.”

Gen. William T. Sherman

Victory:Union

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Gen. William T. Sherman

Victory:Union

Sherman’s March to the Sea• Nov. – Dec. 1864• On November 12, 1864,

Sherman marched out of Atlanta toward the Atlantic coast.

• Tracing a line of march between Macon and Augusta, he carved a sixty-mile wide swath of destruction in the Confederacy's heartland.

• Much of Georgia burned to the ground

• Goal was to destroy everything that could help the South in the war

•Burned homes, stores, crops, animals, bridges, railroad tracks….everything!•Savannah fell to the Union on Dec. 22, 1864

An Atlanta home damaged by shellingDuring the Battle of Atlanta.

The Ruins of the Atlanta Depot, blown up on Sherman’s way out of town.

The AtlantaDepot before.

Federal troops tearing up track, destroying telegraph lines, and burning a depot during Sherman's March to the Sea.

More destruction at the Railroad depot in Atlanta, Ga.

Lee’s Surrender at Appomattox Court House

• The Civil War ended when Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered at McLean House in Appomattox Court House, Virginia on April 9, 1865.

• He met with Union General Ulysses S. Grant to discuss the final conditions for the surrender of Confederate troops.

Victory:Union