Formation Pressure Intro

7/16/2019 Formation Pressure Intro

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Well Design Spring 2013

Prepared by: Tan Nguyen

Well Design - PE 413

Chaper 1: !"r#ai"n Pressure
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1. Applied Drilling Engineering Adam T. Bourgoyne SPE

Textbook

2. Fundamental of Drilling Engineering i!ka and it"#ell SPE

Textbook $olume 12

%. Drilling Engineering &andbook $olume '' (obert it"#ell

). *la!! note!

+. Po,erPoint !lide!

$e%uired &aerials
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During a period of ero!ion and !edimentation- grain! of !ediment are "ontinuou!ly

building up on top of ea"# ot#er- generally in a ,ater filled enironment. A! t#e

t#i"kne!! of t#e layer of !ediment in"rea!e!- t#e grain! of t#e !ediment are pa"ked

"lo!er toget#er- and !ome of t#e ,ater i! expelled from t#e pore !pa"e!. &o,eer- if

t#e pore t#roat! t#roug# t#e !ediment are inter"onne"ting all t#e ,ay to !urfa"e t#e

pre!!ure of t#e fluid at any dept# in t#e !ediment ,ill be !ame a! t#at ,#i"# ,ould

be found in a !imple "olom of fluid. T#i! pre!!ure i! "alled /0(A P(ESS(E

and only dependent! on t#e den!ity of t#e fluid in t#e pore !pa"e and t#e dept# of

t#e pre!!ure mea!urement 3e4ual to t#e #eig#t of t#e "olom of li4uid5. it ,ill be

independent of t#e pore !i6e or pore t#roat geometry.

!"r#ai"n Pressure

De'inii"n N"r#al Pressure
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T#e erti"al pre!!ure at any point in t#e eart# i! kno,n a! t#e "(erburden

pressure "r ge"sai) pressure. T#e oerburden pre!!ure at any point i! a

fun"tion of t#e ma!! of ro"k and fluid aboe t#e point of intere!t. 'n order to

"al"ulate t#e oerburden pre!!ure at any point- t#e aerage den!ity of t#e material

3ro"k and fluid!5 aboe t#e point of intere!t mu!t be determined. T#e aerage

den!ity of t#e ro"k and fluid in t#e pore !pa"e i! kno,n a! t#e bulk den!ity of t#e

ro"k

*(erburden Pressure
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*(erburden Pressure
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!"r#ai"n Pressure

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T#e datum ,#i"# i! generally u!ed during drilling operation! i! t#e drillfloor

eleation but a more general datum leel- u!ed almo!t unier!ally- i! ean Sea

eel- S. 7#en t#e pore t#roat! t#roug# t#e !ediment are inter"onne"ting- t#e

pre!!ure of t#e fluid at any dept# in t#e !ediment ,ill be !ame a! t#at ,#i"# ,ould

be found in a !imple "olumn of fluid and t#erefore t#e pore pre!!ure gradient i! a

!traig#t line. T#e gradient of t#e line i! a repre!entation of t#e den!ity of t#e fluid.

&en"e t#e den!ity of t#e fluid in t#e pore !pa"e i! often expre!!ed in unit! of p!i8ft.

!"r#ai"n Pressure

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Pore pre!!ure! ,#i"# are found to lie aboe or belo, t#e 9normal: pore pre!!ure

gradient line are "alled abnormal pore pre!!ure!. T#e!e formation pre!!ure! may

be eit#er Subnormal 3i.e. le!! t#an ;.)


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!"r#ai"n Pressure

De'inii"n ,bn"r#al Pressure

+nderpressured

'"r#ai"n
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,bn"r#al !"r#ai"n Pressure

C"#pa) E''e)
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,bn"r#al !"r#ai"n Pressure

fzob P+=

C"#pa) E''e)
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Dee)i"n "' !"r#ai"n Pressure

ased "n Drilled Cuings
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Formation Pressure Intro

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