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Transcript of Formaldehyde columns over Europe as a proxy for biogenic emissions Università degli Studi...
Formaldehyde columns over Formaldehyde columns over Europe as a proxy for biogenic Europe as a proxy for biogenic
emissionsemissions
Università degli Studi dell’Aquila – CETEMPSL’Aquila, ITALY
http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/
2nd GEOS-CHEM USERS’ MEETING
Harvard University, April 4-6, 2005
U. L’Aquila CETEMPS
Gabriele Curci
P. Palmer, M. Fu, R. Martin
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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OUTLINEOUTLINE
• European Biogenic Emissions
• Formaldehyde column over Europe as seen by GOME and GEOS-CHEM
• Inverting the GOME HCHO column for Isoprene emissions
• Conclusions and Outlook
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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EUROPE FACTSHEETEUROPE FACTSHEET
Only continent where ANTHRO > BIO emissions
7% world area
• 33% forest
• 43% agriculture
• 24% other
13% population (680 mil.)
30% CO2 emissions
20% NOx and VOC
40 countries
Heavily man-shaped
Mediterranean
Continental
Cold-Arctic
[Simpson et al., JGR 1999]
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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EUROPEAN BIOGENIC EMISSIONSEUROPEAN BIOGENIC EMISSIONS
Biogenic emission inventories highly uncertain: up to a factor of 5!• Many countries• Few observations• Different flora and fauna with respect to North America
• Unimportant on a global scale (7% area)
• Local importance: Mediterranean, East, Scandinavia
• Bio VOCs + anthro NOx: emission abatement strategies
NMVOC: 13 Tg yr-1
NOx: 140-1500 Tg yr-1
[Simpson et al., JGR 1995]
GEIA Emissions
GEOS-CHEM Isoprene Column in Summer
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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INVERTING HCHO COLUMN FOR ISOPRENE EMISSIONSINVERTING HCHO COLUMN FOR ISOPRENE EMISSIONS
Exploit the fast oxidation of isoprene to mark source regions looking at its product formaldehyde (HCHO)
GOME
HCHO column
340x40 km2 res.
global coverage 3
daysGOME “slant” column
GEOS-CHEM CTM model
GOME vertical column
Air Mass Factor
GOME isoprene inventory
EISOPRENE HCHO col.
[Palmer et al., 2001, 2003]
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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WHAT CONTROLS HCHO COLUMN IN EUROPE?WHAT CONTROLS HCHO COLUMN IN EUROPE?
GEOS-CHEM HCHO Column in Summer
BIOGENIC CONTROL
NO ISOP NO ANTHRO/
Biogenic control of HCHO column:
• Eastern Europe
• Northern Europe
• Iberian Peninsula
• Turkey
(GEIA Emissions)
0.4 1.21
ANTHROPOGENIC CONTROL
v7-01-02
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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NO CLEAR BIOGENIC SIGNATURE IN GOME HCHO NO CLEAR BIOGENIC SIGNATURE IN GOME HCHO VERTICAL COLUMN AS IN THE GEOS-CHEM MODELVERTICAL COLUMN AS IN THE GEOS-CHEM MODEL
GOME GEOS-CHEMJUL 97 r = 0.50
AUG 97 r = 0.46
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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GOME HCHO COLUMN IS QUALITATIVELY CONSISTENT WITH GOME HCHO COLUMN IS QUALITATIVELY CONSISTENT WITH THE UPDATED MEGAN BIOGENIC INVENTORYTHE UPDATED MEGAN BIOGENIC INVENTORY
GOME HCHO - July 1997
MEGAN Isoprene Emissions July 2000 [Guenther et al.]
GEOS-CHEM (GEIA) Isoprene Emissions - July 1997
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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HCHO/NO2 COLUMN RATIO SHOWS HCHO/NO2 COLUMN RATIO SHOWS ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS INFLUENCEANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS INFLUENCE
NOx-sat NOx-sens
Also following indications by Martin et al., [2003]:
GOME HCHO column could be used as a proxy for isoprene emissions on Eastern Europe
GOME HCHO and NO2 data:
P. Palmer, M. Fu, R. Martin, K. Chance, T. Kurosu
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM GOME OVER EASTERN ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM GOME OVER EASTERN EUROPE - JULY 1997EUROPE - JULY 1997
GOME
Isoprene Emissions
Fo
rmal
deh
yde
Co
lum
n
non-isoprene contribution
GEOS-CHEM
Relationship Isoprene Emissions and HCHO Column from the model
0.4 Tg C
0.2 Tg C
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOKCONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK
• Formaldehyde column from GEOS-CHEM is consistent with GOME over South and East Europe
• Use of GOME data as constraint on European biogenic emissions is limited to East Europe
• To do next:– Comparison with campaign data (MINOS, FORMAT)– Asses contribution of biomass burning over Greece
and South Italy– Seasonal cycle
GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS
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GEOS-CHEM PROVIDE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS GEOS-CHEM PROVIDE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS TO CHIMERE REGIONAL MODELTO CHIMERE REGIONAL MODEL
CHIMERE web site: euler.lmd.polytechnique.fr/chimere/
CHIMERE @ U. L’Aquila: pumpkin.aquila.infn.it/forechem/
Regional CTM driven by MM5 meteorological model developed in Paris (IPSL, LISA, INERIS)
BC from GEOS-CHEM can be used to account for transboundary pollution
CHIMERE grid
[Vautard et al.]