Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 1 of 11

DIRECTORATE FOR QUALITY AND STANDARDS IN EDUCATION

Department for Curriculum Management

Educational Assessment Unit

Annual Examinations for Secondary Schools 2014

FORM 4 GEOGRAPHY (GENERAL) TIME: 1h 30min

Name: _____________________________________ Class: _______________

Answer all questions in the space provided.

This is a list of geographical terms used in this paper and their meaning in Maltese.

Rural to urban migration Migrazzjoni tan-nies tal-kampanja lejn l-ibliet

Erosion Erożjoni

Freeze-thaw weathering Tkissir il-blat bil-ġlata

Biological weathering Tmermir bijoloġiku

Exfoliation Sfoljazzjoni

Chemical weathering Tmermir kimiku

Deposition Depożizzjoni

Waterfall Ċarċara

Gorge Ħondoq

Plunge pool Ħofra taħt iċ-ċarċara

Arch Tieqa

Fertiliser Fertilizzanti artifiċjali

Pesticide Pestiċida

Organic farming Biedja organika

Manufactured goods Prodotti manifatturati

Raw materials Materja prima

Industrial estate Żona industrijali

Sewage purification plant Impjant għat-tisfija tad-drenaġġ

Thermal power station Impjant tal-enerġija termali

Renewable energy Enerġija rinovabbli

Track 2

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 2 of 11

Answer all questions in the space provided.

1a. On the map of the world in Figure 1, six of the fastest growing cities in the world are shown.

Underline the name of any four of the marked cities in Table A.

Figure 1

Number of city Name of city

1 Mexico City, Rome

2 London, São Paolo

3 Kinshasa, Baghdad

4 Madras, Sydney

5 Melbourne, Tokyo

6 Seoul, Shangai

Table A (4)

b. In which three continents are the fastest growing cities found?

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(3)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 3 of 11

c. The population of the cities shown in Figure 1 is growing very fast because of rural to urban

migration. With the help of the photos in Figure 2, tick with a six reasons why many people

go to live in cities.

Figure 2

There are more jobs in cities.

In cities there is a greater variety of jobs.

There are more hospitals and doctors in cities.

In villages there is less chance of suffering from hunger.

In cities there are more schools and universities.

In villages there are more places of entertainment.

In villages work relies on the weather.

In cities it is more likely you can advance at the place of work.

In villages there are more transport links.

(6)

2. Fill in Column A with the following terms to match with their meaning in Column B.

Erosion Freeze-thaw weathering Biological weathering

Exfoliation Chemical weathering Deposition

Column A Column B

The process by which rocks are broken down and carried

away by the action of waves, rivers, wind and glaciers.

This type of weathering is most common in places where

temperatures fluctuate around 0ºC.

Statues and sculptures that are exposed to air pollution and

acid rain are weathered by this process.

Insects and roots of plants weather the rocks.

In places where the difference between day and night

temperature is high, the rock surface peels like onion skin.

The process by which eroded rocks are dumped when

waves, rivers, wind and glaciers lose their energy.

Table B (6)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 4 of 11

3. Figure 3 shows an aerial view of one of the Niagara Falls. The dotted line in Figure 3 shows the

position (the edge) of the waterfall in the year 1841.

a. Label Figure 3 with the following terms in the correct place: hard rock, gorge, waterfall,

river.

Figure 3 (4)

b. Why has the edge of the waterfall moved backwards since 1841?

Mark the correct answer with a .

Because the waterfall is eroding the soft rock that is found underneath the

hard rock. The hard rock remains unsupported and collapses.

Because the waterfall is eroding the hard rock that is found underneath the

soft rock. The soft rock remains unsupported and collapses.

Because the waterfall is depositing soft rock on its backward side.

Because the waterfall is depositing hard rock infront of it.

(2)

c. On Figure 3 mark with a blue line the place where you think the edge of the waterfall might be

in a hundred (100) years’ time. (2)

d. Why does a plunge pool form under the waterfall as shown in Figure 4?

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Figure 4 (2)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 5 of 11

4. Figure 5 shows a newspaper article about the arch in Dwejra, Gozo.

Figure 5

a. Why are natural arches like the one in Dwejra, Gozo to collapse completely?

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(4)

b. Figure 6 (b) shows an arch. Continue drawing and labelling Figure 6 (a) to show how the coast

was before the arch formed. (3)

c. Continue drawing and labelling Figure 6 (c) to show how the coast will be after the arch

collapses. (3)

Figure 6 (a) Figure 6 (b) Figure 6 (c)

Before After

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Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 6 of 11

I am Saviour the farmer. For many years I used artificial

fertilisers and pesticides. But this year I have practised

organic farming. As a result my crops are of higher

quality and my customers know that they are eating

vegetables and fruit that are healthier. At the same time, I

am not harming the environment, including my field.

5. Read what Saviour the farmer has to say and then answer the following questions:

Figure 7

a. Explain why farmers use:

artificial fertilisers: ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

pesticides: ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

(4)

b. What harm can too much use of artficial fertilisers and pesticides cause to:

the aquifer? ___________________________________________________________________

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birds and insects? ______________________________________________________________

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(4)

c. What is organic farming?

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(3)

d. With the help of Figure 7, name an advantage of organic farming for:

farmers:

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consumers:

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(4)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 7 of 11

6. Figure 8 shows a student studying for her examinations. On her desk there are some objects

that she is using.

Figure 8

a. Write two manufactured goods shown in Figure 8.

___________________________ ___________________________ (2)

b. Write the raw materials that were used to make any two manufacured goods shown in Figure 8.

___________________________ ___________________________ (2)

c. Manufactured goods are made in factories. Figure 9 shows some factors that influence the

location of a factory. Choose two factors and in Table C give a reason why they are important

for factories.

Figure 9

Factor Reason

Table C (6)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 8 of 11

d. Figure 10 shows the location of eight industrial estates in Malta and Gozo, numbered 1 to 8.

Circle the correct number of any five of the industrial estates shown next to their name in Table

D.

Figure 10

Table D (5)

e. Write one advantage that industrial estates located close to the Grand Harbour and the Freeport

have over other industrual estates.

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(2)

Name of industrial estate Circle the

correct number

Industrial estate of Xewkija 1 2

Industrial estate of Mrieħel 1 4

Industrial estate of San Ġwann 3 7

Industrial estate of Bulebel 6 7

Industrial estate of Ħal Far 6 8

Industrial estate of Marsa 4 5

Technopark, Mosta 2 8

Smart City, Kalkara 3 6

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 9 of 11

7. For many years factories used to dump their waste in the sea and rivers. The North Sea and the

Mediterranean Sea are two of the most polluted seas in Europe.

a. On Figure 11 mark the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. (4)

Figure 11

b. With the help of Figure 12 name three sources of sea pollution and explain how these damage

the sea environment and the creatures that live in it.

Figure 12

Source 1: ________________________________________________________________________

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Source 2:________________________________________________________________________

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Source 3: ________________________________________________________________________

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(6)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 10 of 11

c. Figure 13 shows two different ways how sea pollution can be controlled. Explain how one of

these methods can help to reduce pollution in the Mediterranean Sea and the North Sea.

Figure 13

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(4)

8a. Electricity in Malta is generated by thermal power stations found in Marsa and Delimara.

Figure 14 shows these two power stations. With the help of Figure 14, describe two

environmental problems brought about by thermal power stations.

Figure 14

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(4)

Geography (General) – Form 4 Secondary – Track 2 – 2014 Page 11 of 11

b. Figures 15 and 16 show two types of renewable energy sources used in Malta: wind energy and

solar energy. In columnn B write which type of energy each sentence is referring to.

Figure 15 Figure 16

Column A Column B:

Solar energy or wind energy?

1. This source of energy generates most electricity in summer.

2. This source of energy generates most electricity in winter.

3. This source of energy takes a lot of roof space.

4. This source of energy does not take a lot of land space.

5. This source of energy generates electricity during the day

and the night.

(5)

c. Write three reasons why the Maltese Islands would benefit from a greater investment in

renewable energy sources.

1. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________

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3. _________________________________________________________________________

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(6)

Geography Form 4 General English Version

Page 4 Question 3 (c) carries 2 marks

Page 5 Question 4 (c) carries 3 marks