Forget about Index.php and build you applications around HTTP - PHPers Cracow

FORGET ABOUT INDEX.PHPBUILD YOUR APPLICATIONS AROUND HTTP!

Kacper Gunia @cakper Software Engineer @SensioLabsUK

Symfony Certified Developer

PHPers Silesia @PHPersPL

https://twitter.com/cakper

Good old daysflickr.com/linkahwai/5162310920

Hello world in PHP “ ” + tutorial

Gojko’s two facts about programming web:

1) Ctrl-C 2) Ctrl-V

<?php

$name = $_GET['name']; echo "Hello $name!";

It works! :D

but…

How HTTP works?flickr.com/see-‐through-‐the-‐eye-‐of-‐g/4278744230

Request

Kamehameha!

Response

This is what HTTP is about!

Request

Response

This is what Your App is about!

Request

Response

“(…) the goal of your application is always to interpret a request and

create the appropriate response based on your

application logic.”Symfony.com

http://symfony.com

HTTP is simpleflickr.com/wildhaber/5936335464

Requestflickr.com/haniamir/3318727924

GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost


I want to see…


…this resource!


And I know it should be on localhost


Psst, I’m using 1.1 version of HTTP protocol

Responseflickr.com/aftab/3364835006

HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-‐type: text/html

Hello Kacper!


Hello Kacper!

OK man, I’ve found it!


Hello Kacper!

And it’s an HTML


Hello Kacper!

Hello World!

[METH] [REQUEST-‐URI] HTTP/[VER] [Field1]: [Value1] [Field2]: [Value2]

[request body, if any]

HTTP/[VER] [CODE] [TEXT] [Field1]: [Value1] [Field2]: [Value2]

[response body]Res

pons

e

Req

uest

What if we create objects from Request & Response?

Object-oriented HTTPflickr.com/mohammadafshar/9571051345


$request-‐>getMethod(); GET $request-‐>getPathInfo(); /


Hello Kacper!

$response-‐>getStatusCode(); 200 $response-‐>getContent(); Hello Kacper!

HttpFoundationflickr.com/rubempjr/8050505443

“The HttpFoundation component defines an object-orientedlayer for the HTTP

specification”Symfony.com

http://symfony.com

Requestflickr.com/haniamir/3318727924

$request = Request::createFromGlobals();

$request = new Request( $_GET, $_POST, array(), $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_SERVER );

$_GET $request-‐>query $_POST $request-‐>request $_COOKIE $request-‐>cookies $_FILES $request-‐>files $_SERVER $request-‐>server

$request-‐>headers $request-‐>attributes

ParameterBag instances

$name = isset($_GET['name']) ? $_GET['name'] : "World";

$name = $request -‐>query -‐>get('name', 'World');

$request-‐>isSecure();

Verify configured secure header or the standard one

$request-‐>isXmlHttpRequest();

Verify AJAX request

$request = Request::create( '/', 'GET', ['name' => 'Kacper'] );

Simulate a Request

Responseflickr.com/aftab/3364835006

$response = new Response( ‘Hello Kacper!’, Response::HTTP_OK, ['content-‐type' => 'text/html'] );

$response-‐>prepare($request); $response-‐>send();

$response = new RedirectResponse( 'http://example.com/' );

Redirect Response

$response = new JsonResponse(); $response-‐>setData(['name' => 'Kacper']);

JSON Response

Let’s use them together!

$kernel = new AppKernel('dev', true);

$request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send();

$kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response);

Symfony app_dev.php

Reminds something? ;)

Request

Kamehameha!

Response

Front Controllerflickr.com/cedwardbrice/8334047708

”The Front Controller consolidates all request handling by channeling

requests through a single handler object (…)”

MartinFowler.com

$kernel = new AppKernel('dev', true);

$request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send();

$kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response);

Let’s go deeper…

HTTP Kernelflickr.com/stuckincustoms/6341844005

“The HttpKernel component provides a structured process for

converting a Request into a Response by making use

of the EventDispatcher.”Symfony.com

http://symfony.com

interface HttpKernelInterface { const MASTER_REQUEST = 1; const SUB_REQUEST = 2;

/** * @return Response A Response instance */ public function handle( Request $request, $type = self::MASTER_REQUEST, $catch = true); }

How Symfony transforms Request into Response?

Event Dispatcherflickr.com/parksjd/11847079564

“The EventDispatcher component provides tools

that allow your application components to communicate

with each other by dispatching events and

listening to them.”Symfony.com

http://symfony.com

EventDispatcher is an implementation of Mediator pattern

$dispatcher = new EventDispatcher(); $dispatcher-‐>addListener( 'foo.action', function (Event $event) { // do whatever you need });

$event = new Event(); $dispatcher-‐>dispatch('foo.action', $event);

The kernel.request Eventflickr.com/drakegoodman/13479419575

Manipulate your Request here…

…you can even return a Response!

public function onKernelRequest(GetResponseEvent $event) { $request = $event-‐>getRequest(); if ($request-‐>query-‐>get('name') === 'Kacper') { $event-‐>setResponse( new Response("We don't like you!") ); } }

…or e.g. detect device, location…

…and routing is resolved here

The Routing Componentflickr.com/checksam/12814058644

“The Routing component maps an

HTTP request to a set of configuration

variables.”Symfony.com

http://symfony.com

$route = new Route('/', array('controller' => 'HelloController')); $routes = new RouteCollection(); $routes-‐>add('hello_route', $route);

$context = new RequestContext(); $context-‐>fromRequest($request);

$matcher = new UrlMatcher($routes, $context);

$parameters = $matcher-‐>match('/'); // ['controller' => 'HelloController', '_route' => 'hello_route']

Resolve Controllerflickr.com/rightbrainphotography/480979176

interface ControllerResolverInterface { public function getController( Request $request );

public function getArguments( Request $request, $controller ); }

Controller is a PHP callable

The kernel.controller Eventflickr.com/drakegoodman/12451824524

Change controller here (if you need)

and initialise data

e.g. parameters conversion

happens now

Resolve Argumentsflickr.com/joiseyshowaa/2720195951

interface ControllerResolverInterface { public function getController( Request $request );

public function getArguments( Request $request, $controller ); }

Arguments come from $request->attributes

ParameterBag

Controller Callflickr.com/taspicsvns/11768808836

Time for your application logic

Return Response object

Optional: The kernel.view event

flickr.com/drakegoodman/11006558364

Transform non-Response into Response

e.g. @Template annotation

e.g. transform arrays into

JSON Responses

The kernel.response Eventflickr.com/drakegoodman/14482752231

Manipulate Response

e.g. WebDebugToolbar

Send Responseflickr.com/stuckincustoms/5727003126

The kernel.terminate Eventflickr.com/drakegoodman/12203395206

Do the heavy stuff now

e.g. Send Emails

HTTP Cacheflickr.com/soldiersmediacenter/403524071

Cache-Control Expires

$response = new Response();

$response-‐>setPublic(); $response-‐>setMaxAge(600); $response-‐>setSharedMaxAge(600);

Validation

public function indexAction(Request $request, $name) { $response = new Response("Hello $name"); $response-‐>setETag(md5($response-‐>getContent())); $response-‐>setPublic(); $response-‐>isNotModified($request);

return $response; }

ESIflickr.com/nasamarshall/6950477589

“The ESI specification describes tags you can

embed in your pages to communicate with

the gateway cache.”Symfony.com

http://symfony.com

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <!-‐-‐ ... content -‐-‐>

<!-‐-‐ Embed the content of another page -‐-‐> <esi:include src="http://..."/>

<!-‐-‐ ... content -‐-‐> </body> </html>

But I don’t have Varnish!

Symfony2 Reverse Proxyflickr.com/zacharyz/3950845049

$kernel = new AppKernel('prod', false); $kernel-‐>loadClassCache();

$kernel = new AppCache($kernel);

$request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send(); $kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response);

OK, but are those things actually used outside

of Symfony?

Drupal 8phpBB

SilexeZ Publish

Laravel

Kacper Gunia Software Engineer

Symfony Certified Developer

PHPers Silesia

Thanks!

Forget about Index.php and build you applications around HTTP - PHPers Cracow

Engineering

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