ForestParcelization and Forest Fragmentation in the U.S., Northeast, and Vermont Brett J. Butler...

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Forest Forest Parcelization Parcelization and Forest Fragmentation and Forest Fragmentation in the U.S., Northeast in the U.S., Northeast , , and Vermont and Vermont Brett J. Butler Brett J. Butler U.S. Forest Service U.S. Forest Service Forest Fragmentation and Parcelization Roundtable September 18, 2006 Vermont Technical College

Transcript of ForestParcelization and Forest Fragmentation in the U.S., Northeast, and Vermont Brett J. Butler...

Page 1: ForestParcelization and Forest Fragmentation in the U.S., Northeast, and Vermont Brett J. Butler U.S. Forest Service Forest Fragmentation and Parcelization.

ForestForest Parcelization and Parcelization and Forest Fragmentation in the Forest Fragmentation in the U.S., NortheastU.S., Northeast, and Vermont, and Vermont

Brett J. ButlerBrett J. Butler

U.S. Forest ServiceU.S. Forest Service

Forest Fragmentation and Parcelization RoundtableSeptember 18, 2006 – Vermont Technical College

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OutlineOutline

What?What?

So what?So what?

Why?Why?

When?When?

Where?Where?

What next?What next?

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What?What?

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Size of Forest Landholdings Size of Forest Landholdings (Owners)(Owners)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500-999 1000+

1978 1994 2002

Parcel Size (Acres)

Ow

ner

s (M

illi

on

s)

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Size of Forest Landholdings Size of Forest Landholdings (Area)(Area)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500-999 1000+

1978 1994 2002

Parcel Size (Acres)

Acr

es (

Mil

lio

ns)

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So what?So what?

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Ownership ObjectivesOwnership Objectives

0

25

50

75

100

0 250 500 750 1000

Parcel Size (Acres)

Rel

ativ

e Im

po

rtan

ce

Aesthetics

Timber

Home

Land Investment

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Timber HarvestingTimber Harvesting

0

25

50

75

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Parcel Size (Acres)

Har

vest

ing

Pro

bab

ilit

y

Average

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Plans and AdvicePlans and Advice

0

25

50

75

100

0 250 500 750 1000

Parcel Size (Acres)

Pro

bab

ilit

y

Average (Plans)

Advice Sought

Average (Advice)

Plans

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Future IntentionsFuture Intentions

0

25

50

75

100

0 250 500 750 1000

Parcel Size (Acres)

Pro

bab

ilit

y

Harvest FirewoodTransfer Land

Buy Land

Harvest Sawlogs

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Why?Why?

Population pressuresPopulation pressures– More peopleMore people– Changing expectationsChanging expectations

Landowner turnoverLandowner turnover

Changing ownership Changing ownership objectivesobjectives

Timber industryTimber industry

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National Woodland Owner SurveyNational Woodland Owner Survey

Objectives:Objectives:– Who are the landowners?Who are the landowners?– Why do they own land?Why do they own land?– How do they use it?How do they use it?– How do they intend to use How do they intend to use

it?it?

Random sample of Random sample of private forest-land owners private forest-land owners in the U.S.in the U.S.Self-administered mail Self-administered mail questionnairequestionnaireAnnual designAnnual design

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Forest OwnershipForest Ownership

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Land Use Change in New England Land Use Change in New England (Acres per Year)(Acres per Year)

ForestForest Ag.Ag. Dev.Dev. OtherOther

ForestForest 9,5519,551 51,94051,940 28,83928,839

AgricultureAgriculture 33,12933,129 31,29831,298 1,8591,859

DevelopedDeveloped 27,39927,399 7,7637,763 8,0178,017

OtherOther 24,09524,095 00 14,90514,905

Current

Pre

vio

us

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Forest OwnershipForest OwnershipLand

Ownership

Federal

Family

CorporateIndustry

State &local

Family

ForestIndustry

OtherPrivate

FederalState &

local

######### ### ### #### #### #### #### #### ##### ##### ###### ##### ##### ##### ## ###### ###### ###### ###### ## ###### ###### ###### ## ##### ## ###### ###### ###### ## ##### ## ###### ###### ## ##### ## ##### ## ###### ###### ## ##### ## ##### ## ###### ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## 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## ## # ## ## ## ## # ## ## ## # ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ### ## ### ## ## ## ## ## ### ## ### ## #### ## ### ## #### #### ##### #### #### ### ### ### ### ## ### ### ## ### ### ## ## #### ## #######################

TIMO/REIT

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Ownership Change in New EnglandOwnership Change in New England(Acres per Year)(Acres per Year)

FederalFederalState/ State/ locallocal

Forest Forest IndustryIndustry

Other Other privateprivate FamilyFamily

Non-Non-forestforest

FederalFederal    5,8725,872 7,4627,462 27,26027,260 5,1175,117 10,93610,936

State/ localState/ local 00    1,7781,778 3,6183,618 2,7482,748 1,7121,712

Forest industryForest industry 5,2465,246 5,2305,230    514,790514,790 40,44240,442 11,94511,945

Other privateOther private 5,1005,100 130,207130,207 60,56960,569    163,068163,068 54,46154,461

FamilyFamily 13,99413,994 27,09327,093 17,40417,404 156,675156,675    387,334387,334

Non-forestNon-forest 4,7904,790 8,2028,202 00 3,2393,239 13,40513,405   

Current

Pre

vio

us

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Who are the family forest owners?Who are the family forest owners?

Age: 61 yearsAge: 61 years

Occupation:Occupation:– Farmers, engineers, Farmers, engineers,

housewives, lawyers…housewives, lawyers…– 47% retired47% retired

Education: 70% at Education: 70% at least some collegeleast some college

Income: $60,000/yearIncome: $60,000/year

Owners

0

25

50

75

1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499

500+

Size of Holdings (ac)

Per

cent

age

Forestland

0

25

50

75

1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499

500+

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Ownership ObjectivesOwnership Objectives

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Timber production

Hunting or fishing

Land investment

Other recreation

Family legacy

Nature protection

Privacy

Aesthetics

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Forest ManagementForest Management

Timber harvesting: 73%Timber harvesting: 73%– Sawlogs: 56%Sawlogs: 56%– Pulpwood: 35%Pulpwood: 35%– Firewood: 48%Firewood: 48%

Non-timber forest Non-timber forest products: 24%products: 24%

Other activities:Other activities:– Roads (39%), fire hazard Roads (39%), fire hazard

reduction (14%), wildlife reduction (14%), wildlife (12%), tree planting (12%)(12%), tree planting (12%)

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Forest Management (cont.)Forest Management (cont.)

ManagerManager– Owner: 75%Owner: 75%– Family: 9%Family: 9%– Forester: 16%Forester: 16%

Management plans: 33%Management plans: 33%

Advice: 41%Advice: 41%

Cost share programs: 7%Cost share programs: 7%

Easements: 7%Easements: 7%

Green certification: 4%Green certification: 4%

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Landowners’ ConcernsLandowners’ Concerns

1.1. Property taxesProperty taxes

2.2. Family legacyFamily legacy

3.3. Air or water pollutionAir or water pollution

4.4. DumpingDumping

5.5. Insects or plant Insects or plant

diseasesdiseases

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Future IntentionsFuture Intentions

1.1. Harvest firewoodHarvest firewood

2.2. Minimal activityMinimal activity

3.3. Harvest sawlogs or Harvest sawlogs or

pulpwoodpulpwood

4.4. Transfer all or part of Transfer all or part of

land to heirsland to heirs

5.5. No activityNo activity

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Area of Private Forestland in Area of Private Forestland in VermontVermont

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Mil

lio

ns

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Family Forest Landholdings Family Forest Landholdings in Vermont by Areain Vermont by Area

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500+

1973 1983 2004

Parcel Size (Acres)

Acr

es (

Th

ou

san

ds)

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Family Forest Landholdings Family Forest Landholdings in Vermont by Number of Ownersin Vermont by Number of Owners

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500+

1973 1983 2004

Parcel Size (Acres)

Ow

ner

s (M

illi

on

s)

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Forest Parcel SizeForest Parcel Size

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What next?What next?

PopulationForestlandPublic forestsForest industryTIMOs/REITsFamily forests

Land transfersParcelizationOwnership objectives

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Questions?Questions?

Brett ButlerBrett Butler

U.S. Forest ServiceU.S. Forest ServiceNorthern Research StationNorthern Research StationForest Inventory & AnalysisForest Inventory & AnalysisFamily Forest Research CenterFamily Forest Research Center

Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MAHoldsworth Hall, Amherst, MA

413.545.1387413.545.1387

[email protected]@fs.fed.us

www.fs.fed.us/woodlandownerswww.fs.fed.us/woodlandowners

Photo Credit: Rich Widmann