Forest bioenergy harvesting business - Metla · 2015. 6. 18. · • Domestic resource: local work,...
Transcript of Forest bioenergy harvesting business - Metla · 2015. 6. 18. · • Domestic resource: local work,...
© Natural Resources Institute Finland © Natural Resources Institute Finland
Forestry Contractor OSCAR Seminar 8-9th June 2015
Hämeenlinna, Finland
Arto Rummukainen
Natural Resources Institute Finland
8.6.2015
Forest bioenergy
harvesting business
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Thanks!
Idea
Antti Asikainen
Painting
Akseli Galle-Kallela
Climate change
Import dependency
Use of fossile fuels
Efficient forest fuel system
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Why bioenergy?
• Bioenergy is usually based on renewable resources
• Climate effects better than fossil fuels (some doubts)
• Domestic resource: local work, spare on foreign exchange
• Good base for circular economy: bioeconomy
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Potential labour input in forest bioenergy harvesting by Asikainen 2012, Metla
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Finnish energy structure
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Forest utilisation for
bioeconomy grows
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What is the job in bioenergy?
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There are many enterprising possibilities
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Methods to produce forest chips 2014 By Markus Strandström 2014 Metsäteho Oy
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Material: 73 % of utilisation of forest chips in heat/power
plants, total 11,6 TWh
Raw material
4,7 TWh Small size whole trees or stems 41 %
4,0 TWh Cutting residuals 34 %
2,0 TWh Stumps 17 %
0,9 TWh Rotten pulp wood or logs 8 %
Chipping / crushing methods
- Road side chipping 57 %
- Terminal chipping 27 % Increasing
- Chipping at heat/power plant 16 %
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Forest industry
connected to 400
plants utilising forest
energy
Energy companies
to 300
Other smaller ones
to 100
Suppliers have
Forest industry as
customer but also
new customers,
usually smaller
Who are the
customers?
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Forest industry companies’ wood procurement units
learned, that energy wood business is an art itself Long time span, strong seasonality
Special scaling and quality, easily quality losses
Special machines, new enterprises
Good working solutions Supplier devoted to energy wood harvesting
Challenges Quality in harvesting and storage, material losses
First thinnings not profitable
One machine broken, the whole chain broken
State subsidies fluctuate too often and much
Learning period for both customer and supplier
Photo Arto Rummukainen
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• Suppliers of forest industry companies, 70-80 %
– Side work for round wood harvesting &
transport
– Specialised to some of energy wood tasks:
• harvesting, chipping & transport
• Enterprises working directly for power plants
• Enterprises working for others supplying power
plants
• Enterprises & associations buying wood for
power plants
Work requires different machinery, time tables,
operating areas etc. compared to round wood
harvesting
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Who are the energy enterprises?
Photo Arto Rummukainen
© Natural Resources Institute Finland
Part time enterprising possible
• Heating period on winter, free time
in agriculture
• Reasonable investments possible
• Forest owner can sell work and
wood
• Crushing stumps and recycle
wood
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Photos Arto Rummukainen
Customers’ requirements
• Small energy plants
– Dry, good quality chips
• Fluidisized bed grate power
plants
– Large variety of fuels
and qualities
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Front-loaded costs in long process
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1. Winter 50%
1. Autumn 15%
2. Spring 5%
2. Winter 30%
Photos Arto Rummukainen
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Way to future
Increasing knowledge of bioenergy benefits
Bioenergy to schools
LONG TERM decisions to promote bioenergy
Forest industry is growing
Forest owners sell wood
Transferring forest estates to next generation easy
Photo Arto Rummukainen
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Infrastructure
Roads need to be upgraded
for 76 – 100 ton trucks
Bioenergy terminals needed
-permission, owner etc.
Improve the thermal
value of forest fuels
Circulating economy
Road net 1940 and 2014
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Forest operations are the hot spot
• Common quality based
chip pricing system
• Minimising problems of
seasonality
• Building networks between
enterprises
• Education of operators and
enterprise owners
– Change of generation
easy
• Promoting method and
machine export
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Photo Arto Rummukainen
© Natural Resources Institute Finland
Natural
Resources
Institute Finland
&
VVT Technical
Research
Centre of
Finland
work together
for promoting
bioenergy
www.forestenergy2020.org
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Kesla Hybrid chipper
250 kW Diesel engine with thyristor and electric engine
Spare 30 % diesel fuel
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