Forensic toxicology (student version)
-
Upload
dr-armaan-singh -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
327 -
download
10
Transcript of Forensic toxicology (student version)
![Page 1: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Forensic ToxicologyForensic ToxicologyBy- Dr. Armaan SinghBy- Dr. Armaan Singh
- the study of the chemical and physical properties of toxic substances and their physiological effect on
living organisms
![Page 2: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Three Primary Responsibilities Three Primary Responsibilities
1. Postmortem Drug Testing
2. Workplace Drug Testing
3. Identification of Contraband Materials
![Page 3: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Deaths Investigated by ToxicologistsDeaths Investigated by Toxicologists
1. Accidental Poisonings
2. Drug Abuse Cases
3. Suicidal Poisonings
4. Homicidal Poisonings
![Page 4: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Deaths Investigated by ToxicologistsDeaths Investigated by Toxicologists
1. Accidental Poisonings
2. Drug Abuse Cases
3. Suicidal Poisonings
4. Homicidal Poisonings
![Page 5: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Toxicological Analysis of TissueToxicological Analysis of Tissue
a. Collect sample of all body fluids
b. Collect samples from organs and tissues
c. A forensic toxicologist cannot simply look for the presence of a toxin or drug in a body, she must understand how the body processes these molecules
d. Toxicological analysis must start as soon as possible after a person’s death
![Page 6: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Toxicological Analysis of TissueToxicological Analysis of Tissue
a. Collect sample of all body fluids
b. Collect samples from organs and tissues
c. A forensic toxicologist cannot simply look for the presence of a toxin or drug in a body, she must understand how the body processes these molecules
d. Toxicological analysis must start as soon as possible after a person’s death
![Page 7: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
General Classes of PoisonsGeneral Classes of Poisons
1. Gases
2. Metallic Poisons
3. Volatile Organics
4. Non-volatile Organics
- the major category here is what is known as an alkaloid, a drug that mimics human neurotransmitters or hormones and therefore interferes with normal body chemistry
Alkaloids are derived from plants…
![Page 8: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AlkaloidsAlkaloids
Common Examples:
• Amphetamines – stimulants that provoke euphoria; these drugs mimic catecholamines in the human body (adrenaline,
etc)
• Cocaine – natural stimulant that acts as a mimic to catecholamines; metabolites are detected in urine for as many as 3 days
• Opiates – depressants that reduce muscle activity, heartbeat, respiration, and the inclination to sleep; effective pain relievers and euphoria producing; opiates mimic endorphins in the human body
• Cannabinoids – fast acting plant alkaloid; body mimic is unknown; metabolites can be detected in urine for months
![Page 9: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
AlkaloidsAlkaloids
adrenaline
amphetamine
cocaine
ecstasy
serotonin
![Page 10: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 11: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 12: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 13: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 14: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 15: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 17: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Example UV-vis Spectrum
![Page 18: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
1. Color test
2. Microdiffusion test
3. Chromatography
a. thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
b. gas chromatography (GC)
c. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
4. Spectroscopy
a. UV light d. X-ray
b. visible light e. infrared
c. microwave
![Page 19: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Example IR Spectrum
![Page 20: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
5. Mass Spectroscopy
6. Immunoassay
![Page 21: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Methods of DetectionMethods of Detection
5. Mass Spectroscopy
6. Immunoassay
![Page 23: Forensic toxicology (student version)](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013102/55a515fd1a28abe27f8b45f4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Interpretation of FindingsInterpretation of Findings
1. Is a drug or poison present? What substance?
2. How much of the substance is present? Is it’s concentration in the body sufficient to cause death?
3. How was the drug/poison administered?