Foreign Policy Test #7. Stands and actions that a nation takes in regard to its relationship with...
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Foreign Policy Test #7
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3 Branches of Government & Foreign Policy The Legislature Senate ratifies (confirms) treaties with other countries by a 2/3 vote The Executive President is Commander-in-Chief of the military President’s advisor, the Secretary of State, helps manage relations with foreign countries President appoints ambassadors to foreign countries The Judiciary Supreme Court - power to interpret treaties
Transcript of Foreign Policy Test #7. Stands and actions that a nation takes in regard to its relationship with...
Foreign PolicyTest #7
Stands and actions that a nation takes in regard to its relationship with other nations.
What is foreign policy?
Realismbelief that other
nations are interested first & foremost in their own advancement & in
strengthening their own power
Idealismbelief that nations can work together to solve common problems such
as global hunger & poverty with peace, not
war, as the ultimate aim
3 Branches of Government & Foreign Policy
The Legislature Senate ratifies (confirms) treaties with other
countries by a 2/3 vote The Executive
President is Commander-in-Chief of the military
President’s advisor, the Secretary of State, helps manage relations with foreign countries
President appoints ambassadors to foreign countries
The Judiciary Supreme Court - power to interpret treaties
Diplomatic action Negotiations Treaties Open embassy in a nation – office of an
ambassador Use of Peace Corps or other aid groups to promote
friendly relations
How do we achieve our foreign policy goals?
Retrieved from http://diplomacy.state.gov/discoverdiplomacy/explorer/places/170172.htm
Map indicating states and territories and their diplomatic relations with the U.S.
* Blue represents the United States. * Green represents nations with which the US has diplomatic
relations. * Red represents nations with which the US does not have
diplomatic relations. * Yellow represents nations that are disputed areas.
Economic action Embargos Trade
sanctions/barriers
Open up trade relations to friendly countries
How do we achieve our foreign policy goals?
Source: Energy Information AdministrationCredit: Nelson Hsu / NPR
Where does the U.S. get its oil?
Military action Building & maintaining military bases to
protect us and our allies Blockades No-fly zones Sending troops, drones, bombs, etc.
How do we achieve our foreign policy goals?
Retrieved from http://wiltoday.wordpress.com/2013/08/27/military-force-syria/
Nations that have had a no fly zone in the past: Iraq, Bosnia, Libya
Cultural action Student exchange program Boycott the Olympics or other event in a
country
How do we achieve our foreign policy goals?
Dark blue - boycotted the 1980 GamesBlue - withdrew for other reasonsSea green - not invited by IOCGreen - competed under IOC flag or by their own athletesRetrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1980_Olympic_Games_boycott.svg; authored by Sannita
1984 Olympics boycott
Political action Created Dept. of
Homeland Security (after 9/11) to deal with threats of terrorism
Recognize the legitimacy or illegitimacy of a country’s government
How do we achieve our foreign policy goals?
Retrieved from http://www.livgov.com/health/ep/Pages/ntas.aspx
Read your news article then answer the following questions:1. What countries does the article discuss?2. What problems or issues are being
discussed?3. What type of foreign policy actions are
being taken in this article?4. Based on what you’ve read, do you
believe foreign relations between the countries are good or bad? Why?
Jigsaw – Foreign Relations News Articles
1st official diplomat – Ben Franklin – negotiated Treaty of Alliance with France in 1778
1st cabinet dept. Washington created – Dept. of State – Thomas Jefferson as Sec. of State
Start of U.S. Foreign Policy
1st U.S. foreign policy Began with
Washington’s Farewell Address
Not entering into military agreements with foreign countries
Oceans provided natural defenses
We fought the War of 1812, the Mexican War, & the Spanish-American War without joining alliances or fighting in Europe
Continued until WWI
Isolationism
Retrieved from http://historywithwoods.wikispaces.com/1933-1945+World+War+II
The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none; or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities. —Washington, George. "Washington's Farewell Address 1796." Yale Law School Avalon Project, 2008. Web. 12 Sept 2013.
Statement to Europe to stay out of Western Hemisphere
Stated we would see European intervention in Latin America as an act of aggression & war
Monroe Doctrine - 1823
Retrieved from http://www.kidsnewsroom.org/resources/sol/tx/g08h03.html
Louisiana Purchase - 1804 Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 – Spain gave
us Florida Mexican Cession - Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo in 1848 Oregon Treaty of 1846 – negotiation
with Britain set 49’ parallel as boundary Gadsden Purchase of 1853 – New
Mexico & Arizona “Seward’s Folly” – Alaska Purchase
from Russia 1867
Manifest Destiny
Next logical step to the Monroe Doctrine U.S. would get involved in Latin American
countries if they couldn’t govern themselves “Big Stick Policy” – Roosevelt’s policy of using
force if necessary to advance American interest Building of the Panama Canal Great White Fleet
Roosevelt Corollary
Retrieved from http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2012/09/what-does-teddy-roosevelts-big-stick-line-really-mean-anyway/262579/ and http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/05e.htm
To benefit U.S. economy increased bank & industrial investments there
Sent U.S. troops to guard American investments in unstable Latin American countries
Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
"Foreign Affairs - William Howard Taft - Policy, War, Domestic." Presidents: A Reference History. Web. 21 Dec. 2011. <http://www.presidentprofiles.com/Grant-Eisenhower/William-Howard-Taft-Foreign-affairs.html>.
FDR 1933 – stopped U.S. military involvement in Latin American countries
Good Neighbor Policy
WPA flier retrieved from http://www.wolfsonian.org/explore/collections/strengthen-good-neighbor-policy-understanding-our-southern-neighborsMap retrieved from http://www.unc.edu/courses/2009fall/hist/140/006/Outlines/14.LatinAmerica.htm
WWI – U.S. enters on side of Britain & her allies Lusitania Unrestricted German submarine warfare Zimmerman Telegram
WWII – U.S. enters on side of Britain & her allies Attack on Pearl Harbor
World War
Retrieved from http://www.teachpeace.com/teachpeacemoment9.htmand http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/art-100673/A-US-battleship-sinks-during-the-Japanese-attack-on-Pearl
Created in 1947 by Pres. Truman VP, Sec. of State, Sec. of the Treasury,
Sec. of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (military officers), & CIA Director
National Security Council
Retrieved from http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/07/images/20060705_d-0085-2-515h.html
Containment - U.S. policy of stopping the spread of communism
U.S. becomes a superpower after WWII & begins period dominance in the world Collective Security – keep international
peace & order Deterrence – discourage or prevent attack Massive retaliation Nuclear arms race Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
The Cold War
Military alliance originally created to protect against the threat of the Soviet Union & spread of communism
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
Retrieved from http://nationalsecurityzone.org/natog8/
Created after WWII to help prevent future wars and conflict
Peaceful solutions to global problems UN Security Council Universal Declaration of Human Rights
United Nations
After 9/11 attacks – planes crashed into World Trade Center in NYC & Pentagon
The new war Terrorist groups – Al Qaeda & Taliban George W. Bush “axis of evil” – Iran,
Iraq, & North Korea
The War on Terror
Retrieved from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/pictures/110908-about-911-september-9-11-twin-world-trade-center-towers-indelible/
U.S. military & NATO allies invaded Afghanistan to take the Taliban out
The battle to stabilize Afghanistan’s new government is still going on today
War in Afghanistan
Retrieved from http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/af.htmhttp://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/12/world/asia/12afghan.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
Iraq’s alleged possession of WMDs Iraqi President Saddam Hussein of
supporting Al Qaeda Iraqi government human rights abuses Effort to spread democracy around the
world
Iraq War (2003-2011)
Retrieved from http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/iraq_pol-2009.jpghttp://worldpoliticsblog.wordpress.com/2011/06/12/the-troubled-road-to-democracy/
America gained nuclear weapons in 1945, the Soviet Union in 1949, Britain in 1952, France in 1960, and China in 1964
Pakistan & India tested nuclear weapons in 1998
North Korea tested nukes in 2006 Cold War – U.S. & Soviet Union nuclear
proliferation
Nuclear Weapons
Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-17511816
Since 1972, the U.S. has had policy of engagement with China Trade Pollution Tension Human rights
issues
The New Power: China
Retrieved from http://adventuresaroundasia.wordpress.com/2013/06/03/real-facts-on-beijing-pollution/
Israel/Palestine - Israel was created after WWII as a country for the Jewish people – Palestinians (Muslim Arabs) also live in the area
Since 1948 - Several wars & a cycle of violence
Regional Conflicts
The United Nations General Assembly decided in 1947 on the partition of Palestine into Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem to be an international city. The plan, which was rejected by the Palestinians, was never implemented.
Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/world/2001/israel_and_palestinians/key_maps/
