1. 1. Forced induction TURBOCHARGERS VS. SUPERCHARGERS BY G. JAYAKRISHNASEKHAR REDDY (10G81A0310)
2. 2. Abstract This seminar gives the overview of forced induction processes for the engine and their advantages and disadvantages. The forced induction is a process in combustion engines by which we can increase the efficiency of an engine. The main purpose of forced induction process is to increase the volumetric efficiency, reusing the waste hot gases, increasing the engine horse power, reducing the emissions from the engine by maintaining the sufficient combustion rate. In this seminar, we specifically discuss two important forced induction processes, one is turbocharging and supercharging and which is best one for the engines that we are using in real world. What is the solution if two process arent fit separately?
3. 3. FORCED INDUCTION What is forced induction? Process of delivering the compressed air. Why forced induction? Increase the engine power efficiency, total compression ratio. Maximum energy per unit of fuel.
4. 4. General forced induction process 1. Turbocharger 2. Supercharger 3. Nitrous oxide (NO2 )
5. 5. TURBOCHARGER What is a turbocharger? Turbine driven forced induction device Why turbocharging? Increase performance of an engine, fuel efficiency. How it operates? Turbine drive the compressed air into the engine Turbo lag Boost threshold
6. 6. Types of superchargers 1. Twin turbochargers 2. Twin scroll turbochargers 3. Variable geometry turbochargers.
7. 7. Twin turbochargers Two separate turbochargers Parallel or series Parallel one half of engines exhaust Series one runs on low speed and other on high speed
8. 8. Twin scroll turbochargers 1. Two exhaust nozzles 2. Two inlet nozzles 3. Physically separate the channels for the cylinders
9. 9. Variable geometry turbochargers 1. Use movable vanes 2. Adjusted by actuator 3. Maintains exhaust velocity and back pressure
10. 10. SUPERCHARGERS What is a supercharger? Air compressor that increases the engines performance Why supercharging an engine? To produce the boost when engine operates How it operates? Types 1. Positive displacement type 2. Dynamic compressor type
11. 11. Positive displacement type
12. 12. Roots type supercharger 1. Meshing lobes 2. Air trapped between fill side and discharge side 3. Large and sit on top of the engine 4. External compression type 5. Add weight 6. Least efficient superchargers 7. Back flow
13. 13. Twin screw superchargers 1. Lysholm style blowers 2. Use meshing lobes like worm gears 3. Compress the air inside the root housing 4. More efficient and more cost 5. More noise 6. Internal compression type 7. No back flow
14. 14. Dynamic compressor type
15. 15. Centrifugal supercharger 1. Powers an impeller 2. Resembles turbocharger 3. Uses impeller 4. Convert the high speed, low pressure air to low speed, high pressure air 5. Most efficient and most commonly used forced induction systems
16. 16. Turbochargers vs. Superchargers
17. 17. Head to head comparison TURBOCHARGERS 1. Cost is nearly same as superchargers 2. Lag 3. Uses waste gases to run 4. It is very hot in condition 5. Surge may deliver to the engine 6. Back pressure 7. Less noise 8. Less reliable 9. Difficult to install and tune 10. High power output and runs even at high rpm SUPERCHARGERS 1. Cost is nearly same as turbochargers 2. No lag 3. Uses crank power to run 4. Fresh air discharge 5. No surge 6. No back pressure 7. More noise 8. More reliable 9. Easy to install and tune 10. Less power output when compared to turbos
18. 18. conclusion While the supercharger is generally considered to be a method of forced induction for most street and race vehicles, the turbo will always have its place in a more specialized market. Superchargers generally provide a much broader powerband that most drivers looking for with no turbo lag. In addition, they are much easier to install and tune.
19. 19. Another Solution
20. 20. Twincharger Uses both turbocharger and supercharger Desirable for small displacement motors with high rpm Roots charger and turbocharger in series Electromagnetic clutch Low rev supercharger Later turbo join Then both contribute High rev supercharger disengages High cost