FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY VISAKHA VISION Vol- 4 …for private circulation only the face of...

FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY

THE FACE OFNATURAL DISASTERS

MAKING OLD BUILDINGS ENERGY EFFICIENT

Nov-Dec’ 2013Vol- 4 Issu- 3

VISAKHA VISION

Credai visakhapatnam6

Chairman B. RAJA SRINIVASCell.No.98497 09999E-Mail : [email protected]

President K. RAMA KRISHNA RAOCell.No.98480 37477E-Mail : [email protected]

Vice-Presidents P. VENKATA RAMANACell.No.98481 20452E-Mail: [email protected]

G. V. V. S. NARAYANACell.No.98481 30272E- Mail : [email protected]

D. SRINIVASA RAOCell No.98491 27011E-Mail : [email protected]

Hon. Secretary P. KOTESWARA RAOCell.No.99086 00005E-Mail : [email protected],

Treasurer B. SRINIVASA RAOCell.No.98481 22825E-Mail: [email protected]

Joint Secretaries K. S. R. K. RAJU (SAI)Cell.No.98481 85679E-Mail : [email protected]

P. RAMA KRISHNACell:98484 14051E-Mail : [email protected]

Committee MembersA. SHIVANANDCell: 99633 22000E-Mail: [email protected]

P. R. K. RAJUCell: 98490 01119E-Mail: [email protected]

K. V. R. RAJU (Ramesh)Cell: 95506 33399E-Mail : [email protected]

N. SIVAJICell : 98481 97643E-Mail : [email protected]

CH. GOVINDA RAJUCell: 98485-21789E-Mail: [email protected]

Immediate Past ChairmanM. V. V. SATYANARAYANACell.No.96666 66600E-Mail : [email protected]

editorial

editor’s message

All the Members are requested to get their address updated with the association in order to ensure timely delivery of magazine also your email ID for speedy communication. If you are not receiving a copy of magazine of CREDAI, VISAKHAPATNAM chapter. please contact @ 9848854448

Editorial Board

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K.S. Chandran, Cell No. 09390030631, e-mail. [email protected]

Sathyam Offset Imprints, Brindavan, #49-28-5, Madhuranagar, Visakhapatnam, Ph: +91 891 2735878

Layout & Design ideafirst, #9-18-1, 1st Floor, Vinayagar Enclave, CBM Compound, Siripuram, Visakhapatnam, Ph: +91 891 2508150

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#1, First Floor, KSR Complex, Seethammadhara, Visakhapatnam-530 013,Ph: 0891-2739612, Mob: 9848854448, 99120 54448Email : [email protected] Website: www.credaivisakhapatnam.org

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Dear Readers,

As we come to the end of the year and the beginning of another, let us all take a pledge to be better and responsible citizens of the association and help improve the living conditions for the present and upcoming generations. Let us leave behind obsolete practices and keep ourselves running with the present times making use of renewable energy sources and energy efficient systems and also by taking care of our environment. I hope the the topics in the magazine give some food for thought and look forward to bring some more exciting topics in the next issue. Enjoy the festive cheer in the atmosphere!

K. S. ChandranBullettin editor

green roofs

Green roofs, such as these above the dormitory at Princeton's Butler College, must be designed so that they take advantage of local climate conditions.

Urban planners who want green roofs in their cities need to remember that the roofs may not work the same way in different climates. Green roofs, which are covered with a layer of a vegetation to keep the building cool, perform differently according to the amount of solar radiation and precipitation present, according to Elie Bou-Zeid, an assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering.

In a study published in the journal Building and Environment, Bou-Zeid and his team found that the green roofs on the campuses of Princeton and Tsinghua University in Beijing performed similarly when the researchers controlled for the radiation and precipitation levels in the two areas, indicating the levels' importance in green roof function. With support from the

U.S. Department of Energy through Pennsylvania State University's Energy Efficiency Building Hub and the National Science Foundation of China, the researchers used surface temperature, heat convection from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere, and the amount of incident energy conducted through the roof as performance measures.

Bou-Zeid said he hopes his work will help city planners account for the specific climatic conditions in their cities when integrating rooftop gardens into their building decisions, and assess the potential benefits of irrigation that improves green roof performance in dry periods.

Highly effective green roofs are important in cities, which suffer from the ”urban heat island” phenomenon: a sustained period of excessive heat in metropolitan areas caused by buildings that absorb heat and release it into the atmosphere, a lack of vegetation, and high human activity. Increasing the number of green spaces will trap rainwater, Bou-

Zeid explained, thereby providing a ”heat sink” in which evaporation of that water encourages heat loss and cools things down.

The New York City Office of the Mayor is taking the heat waves of the city particularly seriously, Bou-Zeid said. New York's asphalt and concrete roads and buildings actively absorb heat, making the area sometimes up to seven degrees warmer than its neighbors. Bou-Zeid is working with representatives from the NYC Cool Roofs program, a citywide initiative to promote the use of reflective, white rooftop coating, to examine which areas of the city will suffer most during a heat wave. He later hopes to relate physical maps of area-specific heat stress in the city to physical health indicators.

”Heat waves are the deadliest natural disasters,” Bou-Zeid said. He noted that the 2003 European heat wave, which produced the Northern Hemisphere's hottest-ever August, caused up to 70,000 deaths in the region. ”They are silent killers.”

Green roofsenergy savings hinge on climate


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A L L P O W E R & S E C U R I T Y

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Fax : +91 891 3098457. Email : [email protected] www.subhadragroup.in

We, Subhadra Group, would like to express our heartfelt

thanks for your continuous support all through these years

and helping us grow to what we are now. Without you and

your team's support this would not have been possible at all.

As you are already aware, we have been in the process of

developing India's first of its kind concept showroom for all

building needs related to electrical, air conditioning, safety &

security, home automation and custom built home theatres.

All under one roof!

Demo Home Theater Demo Bedroom & AC

A one-stop solution with functionally working & live

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Parking is an essential component of the transportation system. Vehicles must park at every destination. A typical automobile is parked 23 hours each day, and uses several parking spaces each week. Parking convenience affects the ease of reaching destinations and therefore affects overall accessibility.

Parking facilities are a major cost to society, and parking conflicts are among the most common problems facing designers, operators, planners and other officials. Such problems can be often defined either in terms of supply (too few spaces are available, somebody must build more) or in terms of management (available facilities are used inefficiently and should be better managed). Management solutions tend to be better than expanding supply because they support more strategic planning objectives:

Reduced development costs and increased affordability.

n More compact, multi-model community planning (smart growth).

n Encourage use of alternative modes and reduce motor vehicle use (there by reducing traffic congestion, accidents and pollution).

n Improved user options and quality of service, particularly for non-drivers.

n Improved design flexibility, creating more functional and attractive communities.

n Ability to accommodate new uses and respond to new demands.

n Reduced impervious surface and related environmental and aesthetic benefits.

Parking management refers to policies and programs that result in more efficient use of parking resources. Parking management includes several specific strategies; nearly two dozen are described in this report. When appropriately applied parking

management can significantly reduce the number of parking spaces required in a particular situation, providing a variety of economic, social and environmental benefits. When all impacts are considered, improved management is often the best solution to parking problems.

Parking Management Principles

These ten general principles can help guide planning decision to support parking management.

1. Consumer choice: People should have viable parking and travel options.

2. User information: Motorists should have information on their parking and travel options.

3. Sharing: Parking facilities should serve multiple users and destinations.

4. Efficient utilization: Parking facilities should be sized and managed so spaces are frequently occupied.

PArKInG MAnAGeMenTp

parkings

10 Credai visakhapatnam

5. Flexibility. Parking plans should accommodate uncertainty and change.

6. Prioritization. The most desirable spaces should be managed to favor higher-priority uses.

7. Pricing. As much as possible, users should pay directly for the parking facilities they use.

8. Peak management. Special efforts should be made to deal with peak-demand.

9. Quality vs. quantity. Parking facility quality should be considered as important as quantity, including aesthetics, security, accessibility and user information.

10.Comprehensive analysis. All significant costs and benefits should be considered in parking planning.

Parking Management Benefits

nFacility cost savings. Reduces costs to governments, businesses, developers and consumers.

nImproved quality of service. Many strategies improve user quality of service by providing better information, increasing consumer options, reducing congestion and creating more attractive facilities.

nMore flexible facility location and design. Parking management gives architects, designers and planners more ways to address parking requirements.

nRevenue generation. Some management strategies generate revenues that can fund parking facilities, transportation improvements, or other important projects.

nReduces land consumption. Parking management can reduce

land requirements and so helps to preserve greenspace and other valuable ecological, historic and cultural resources.

nSupports mobility management. Parking management is an important component of efforts to encourage more efficient transportation patterns, which helps reduce problems such as traffic congestion, roadway costs, pollution emissions, energy consumption and traffic accidents.

nSupports Smart Growth. Parking management helps create more accessible and efficient land use patterns, and support other land use planning objectives.

nImproved walkability. By allowing more clustered development and buildings located closer to sidewalks and streets, parking management helps create more walkable communities.

nSupports transit. Parking management supports transit oriented development and transit use.

nReduced stormwater management

costs, water pollution and heat island effects. Parking management can reduce total pavement area and incorporate design features such as landscaping and shading that reduce stormwater flow, water pollution and solar heat gain.

nSupports equity objectives. Management strategies can reduce the need for parking subsidies, improve travel options for non-drivers, provide financial savings to lower-income households, and increase housing affordability.

nMore livable communities. Parking management can help create more attractive and efficient urban environments by reducing total paved areas, allowing more flexible building design, increasing walkability and improving parking facility design.

Let us hope for a better tomorrow where we can put to use these parking principles and see roads clear of parked vehicles that generally eat away half of our travelling space.

parkings

Credai visakhapatnam 11

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MAKe THe enVIronMenT sMILe: MAKInG oLD BUILDInGs enerGY effICIenTIt is now generally accepted that we need to live in a way that protects the inheritance of our children and future generations. This applies to all aspects of the environment, natural and built. Effective adaptation of our existing building stock to meet modern requirements for energy efficiency is one important way of creating a more sustainable society. Let us see certain ways to make our existing buildings more environmental friendly.

energy buildings


energy buildings

Andhra University

K.G.H

15Credai visakhapatnam

Energy saving in your house

Insulation

Insulating our houses effectively is a vital step towards saving energy. Houses built before the First World War usually have solid walls. Water vapour is absorbed by the wall material during wet periods and then evaporates away in drier periods without causing damage. Attempting to seal one or both sides of a solid wall will reduce or prevent existing moisture inside the fabric from escaping, as well as affecting their visual character.

Standard types of insulation applied directly to the internal face of a solid wall will have the effect of reducing its temperature because it no longer receives warmth from the inside. As a result, condensation commonly occurs on the internal wall behind the insulation where its damaging

effects can not be seen. In the worst cases these cold, wet walls can cause a rise in U-values, and a reduction in thermal performance.

However, naturally-based products with good ‘breathability’ and hygroscopic qualities (i.e. readily absorb moisture) are now being marketed - see website links at the end for further information.

Draught-proofing

Draught-proofing your house is a simple measure to improve energy efficiency - but remember that solid walled buildings need circulation of air to allow evaporation of moisture. Without correct ventilation, an airtight room will often suffer from condensation and mould growth. This can also contribute to health problems. Also, open-flue appliances need a direct fresh air supply to operate safely. The aim should be to

control the number of air changes which occur in the house every hour. Air infiltration tests can be undertaken which assess the existing and predicted performance of your building. The Energy Saving Trust recommends an average natural ventilation rate of between 0.5 and 1.0 air changes per hour.

Often, the main source of draughts in old houses will be from badly fitting windows and doors, which are usually made from timber, and can commonly be over a hundred years old. Householders are often led to believe that such windows are not capable of being energy-efficient and that they should be replaced with modern materials, usually uPVC.

Damp-proof courses

If you are carrying out significant repairs to the walls or floors of your building you may be encouraged

energy buildings


to install or renew a damp proof course (DPC). The provision of chemical DPCs and associated waterproof renders, plasters, damp proof membranes and concrete floors can all affect the ‘breathability’ of solid walls and can actually make a damp problem worse. Because of the non-standard nature of traditional solid walls, chemical DPCs rarely succeed in forming a coherent barrier against rising damp, and even a physical barrier is liable to local failure. At the same time, the introduction of impermeable barriers can trap moisture and raise the risk of reduced thermal performance. If the existing walls are damp other measures should be taken to address the problem at source, for example, by removing impermeable renders, adjusting exterior ground levels, or repairing or installing rainwater goods.

Replacing an old suspended floor or traditional brick pamments during renovation with a solid concrete pad can create rising damp problems. Traditional floor treatments allowed moisture from the ground to evaporate over a large surface. A concrete slab prevents evaporation and forces moisture to the sides and up through the walls creating damp, and reducing thermal capacity. If a suspended floor with insulation beneath is not an option, measures should be taken to allow ventilation of the accumulated moisture beneath the new solid floor.

A ‘breathable’ limecrete floor may be more appropriate in an old building, sharing the same vapour permeable characteristics as traditional solid walls, and contributing towards thermal insulation.

Renewable energy sources

Increasingly, house owners are investigating the possibilities

of adopting sustainable energy sources in the home, such as solar panels, photo-voltaic cells or wind-powered generators. The government is presently reviewing permitted development in this area in order to facilitate installation of micro-generation equipment by householders. However, all types of installation which could affect a listed building or its setting will still require listed building consent. In addition, the government consultation recommends that permission should still be required for installation of such equipment on the front of unlisted buildings in conservation areas or World Heritage sites. Wind turbines attached to any part of such a building will require planning permission.

Before taking the step to invest in a micro-generation system it makes sense to ensure that you have

* Carried out works to make your house as energy efficient as possible (for example, with insulation and draught proofing measures, as described above)

* Taken measures to decrease your use of energy (for example, through turning down thermostats, using low energy light bulbs, and turning equipment off rather than leaving on stand-by)

Listed below are brief summaries of the main issues relating to older buildings and microgeneration equipment:

Solar/ Photovoltaic

Large solar or photovoltaic units mounted on roof slopes can have a detrimental impact on the character of old buildings. Where possible these types of energy source should be sited away from the main façade of the building, or positioned where they

cannot be easily seen. Sometimes, if feasible, it will be better to position the unit away from the main building altogether - for example as a standalone unit in the garden, or on an outbuilding or garage.

Wind

If considering attaching a wind turbine to your building, you should seek the advice of a structural engineer, as wind-loading and vibration may be potentially damaging.

Heat pumps

Installation of ground source heat pump units requires excavation. Before works begin the implications for any archaeology at the site should be assessed.

Services: all types

When new services are installed it should always be remembered that technology is continually developing, and that alterations are likely to be necessary in the future. It is therefore a good principle to make all such alteration reversible if necessary. For example, ducting for cable should not be cut into timber frames of through moulded plasterwork.

Other sustainability issues

Healthy houses

Up to 90% of the internal surface of a building may be sealed with synthetic, petrochemical-based coverings. Indoor environments can be up to 10 times more polluted than the external environment.

Oil-based paints contain up to 50% solvents. Solvents are persistent, and can build up in the body, causing serious illness. Water-based paints do not contain solvents, but require a large number of other chemicals to

energy buildings


make them perform like oil paints. A typical matt emulsion paint will contain, in addition to binder, pigment and extenders, the

following additives:

n antifreezen dispersing aidsn wetting agentsn thickenersn biocidesn low temperature drying aidsn antifoam agentsn coalescing solventn ammonia

Leftover paint is classed as hazardous waste.

The combination of synthetic paints, chemicals in carpets and furniture, and lack of ventilation is now thought to increase susceptibility to allergies, headaches and other illnesses.

These products can also affect the health of your building. Traditionally constructed walls need to be able to ‘breathe’ (see ‘insulation’ above). Modern impervious surface treatments, particularly when applied to external walls, will trap water within the solid

wall, preventing natural evaporation. This can lead to damp problems, condensation and mould growth.

Recycling and Reusing

Sustainability requires us to make the best use of what we already have. Reusing old buildings conserves embodied energy and in most cases will be a more sustainable option than demolition and new build.

All the traditional materials used to build old houses are either recyclable or are a renewable resource.

Recyclable resources: Renewable

Flint ReedBrick StrawClay TimberClay tilesTimberLime mortars

Staying local

Pollution caused by the transport of products is recognised as a major contributor to CO2 emissions. Buying products locally is a key element of becoming sustainable.

Traditional buildings were made from whatever materials were at hand. Local clay, flint, carstone, timber, reed and straw were the main materials available. Even bricks were made locally.

These local materials are still available. If materials for repairs are found locally, there is less need to transport them. Some architects and builders are beginning to realise the benefits of using these sustainable local materials and are using them in new buildings as well.

Conservation and sustainability

The aims of building conservation and sustainability overlap in many ways. The use of natural, renewable, recyclable, and breathable products with low embodied energy are common to both.

There is some potential for conflict over energy efficiency measures, but if each building is assessed individually, most could be made substantially more sustainable without the loss of historic character.

energy buildings


THE IMPORTANCE OF roMAns In ConsTrUCTIon

Some stuff the ancient Romans were good at -- other stuff they weren’t. In terms of the abstract sciences and literature, they were always in the shadow of their Greek neighbors. Their poetry never reached the same heights, their philosophies of Stoicism and Epicureanism were borrowed, and anyone who’s ever used Roman numerals knows how difficult the system was even for even simple arithmetic.

If you wanted someone to explain geometry, you asked a Greek. If you

wanted someone to build you a floating bridge, a sewer network or a weapon that could fire flaming balls of gravel and tar 300 hundred yards (274 meters), you called a Roman. As much as the Greeks gave us, Rome’s brilliant architectural, organizational and engineering feats that make them stand out among the ancient peoples. Despite the fact that their knowledge of math was rudimentary, they constructed models, experimented, and built as sturdily as possible to compensate for their inability to calculate for stress and weight.

The result is a set of edifices and architectural achievements that stretch from the Limyra Bridge in Turkey to Hadrian’s Wall in the United Kingdom.

With so many brilliant examples, many of which are still in excellent condition, it’s hard not to have picked up a few pointers about how to build structures that last.

Read on for some of Rome’s coolest engineering feats.

THE IMPORTANCE OF roMAns In ConsTrUCTIonTHE IMPORTANCE OF roMAns In ConsTrUCTIon


RomansConstruction

The Dome

We take interior space for granted in the modern world, but we shouldn’t. Our enormous vaulted arches, huge atriums (a Latin word, by the way), hollow steel and glass skyscrapers, even a simple high school gymnasium -- all of these structures were inconceivable in the ancient world.

Before the Romans perfected dome-building, even the best architects had to deal with the problem of a heavy stone roof, forcing them to crowd the floors of temples and public buildings with columns and load-bearing walls. Even the greatest architectural achievements before Roman architecture -- the Parthenon and the Pyramids -- were much more impressive on the outside. Inside, they were dark, confined spaces.

Concrete

As far as innovations in building material go, a liquid rock that’s both lighter and stronger than regular stone is hard to beat. Today, concrete is so much a part of our daily lives that it’s easy to forget just how revolutionary it is.

Roman concrete was a special mixture of rubble, lime, sand and pozzolana, a volcanic ash. Not only could the mixture be poured into any form you could build a wooden mold for, it was much, much stronger than any of its component parts. Though it was originally used by Roman architects to form strong bases for altars, starting in the 2nd century B.C., the Romans began to experiment with concrete to produce more freestanding forms. Their most famous concrete structure, the Pantheon, still stands as the largest unreinforced concrete structure in the world after more than two thousand years.

Roads

it’s impossible to mention Roman engineering without talking about roads, which were so well-constructed that many of them are still in use today. Comparing our own asphalt highways to an ancient Roman road is like comparing a cheap watch to a Swiss version. They were strong, precise and built to last.

The best Roman roads were built in several stages. First, workers dug about 3 feet (0.9 meters) down into the terrain where the planned road would be. Next, wide and heavy stone blocks were set in the bottom of the trench and then covered with a layer of dirt or gravel that would allow drainage. Finally, the top layer was paved with flagstones, with a bulge in the center for water to run off. In general, Roman roads were about 3 feet (0.9 meters) thick and enormously resistant to the ravages of time.


RomansConstruction

22

gallery

Sri Yandamoori Veerendranath, Writer delivering guest lecture on “personality development” during the Regular meeting held on 02-09-2013.

Sri B.Rajasrinivas and Sri P. Koteswara Rao presenting flower Bouquet to Sri Ponnuswamy outgoing commissioner.

Sri K.V.R. Raju member of Youth Wing – CREDAI VSP Seen with Sri C.Sekhar Reddy, President, CREDAI National and Sri N.Ram, Editor in chief, Hindu during the SOUTHCON held at Chennai on 15 & 16th Nov. 2013.

Sri Y. Narasimharao, Past Chairman, IIA, Vizag honouring Mr. Yandamoori veerendranath.Sri MVV Satynarayana,Sri K. Ramakrishnarao, Sri P. Koteswara Rao , Sri K.S.Chandran, and Sri V.Kantisekhar also seen

Management Committee meeting of CREDAI AP held at SUNRAY village, Vizianagaram. Sri C.Sekharreddy, President, CREDAI National and other Office bearers CREDAI AP.

Sri M. Maheedhar Reddy, Hon’ble Minister for MA&UD along with Officials Concerned and Office bearers of Credai Visakhapatnam.

Credai visakhapatnam

Sri Ramachandran, Commissioner Central Excise seen with Sri B.Raja Srinivas & Sri P.Koteswara Rao on the eve of farewell function of the outgoing Commissioner Sri Ponnuswamy.

Sri K.S.Chandran & Mrs. Chandran on the eve of receiving “Ethical Businessman Award” presented by the Rotary Club (Central), Vizianagaram on 01-11-2013.

23

gallery

CAT WALK on the stage.

Children participating in the running race

Family members at the picnic

Sri Godey Ravi Past Chairman along with his wife seen with Sri M.V.V. Satyanarayana on the dias

Participants in the Lemon spoon event

Dance performence by Trisha Ananya Granddaughter of Sri N.Trinatharao a Sr. member

A participant receiving a prize from Sri G.Chakradhar, President, APREDA(North Andhra)

Sri V.Amarnath, winner of the draw receiving the bumper prize from Sri S.A.C.M Srinivasa Rao Sr manager Jaypee cements & M.V.V Satyanarayana


ANNUAL FAMILY PICNIC

Magic Show

Office bearers of the Assn. on the stage in action

24

gallery

Past Chairmen, Past President Chairman , vice-President and Exe. member standing under the shamiana.

A participant receiving a prize from the Chairman Family members taking lunch

Children dancing on the dais

Members playing digital housie

Children dancing on the dais


GALLERY

the face of floods


the face of floods


MAKING CITIES MORE RESILIENT IN THe fACe of nATUrAL DIsAsTers

MAKING CITIES MORE RESILIENT IN THe fACe ofnATUrAL DIsAsTers

By GIANLUCA LANGEBy GIANLUCA LANGE

Gianluca Lange is Regional Industry Manager for ASEAN at Autodesk. An architect by profession, he brings in a diverse experience of working across regions such as Europe and the ASEAN markets.

Gianluca Lange is Regional Industry Manager for ASEAN at Autodesk. An architect by profession, he brings in a diverse experience of working across regions such as Europe and the ASEAN markets.

Short-sighted design is at the root of much of the destruction caused by environmental crisis, whether it is flooding, earthquakes, tsunamis or other natural disasters.

Buildings and critical infrastructure fail because they were not originally designed to withstand today’s intensified force of Mother Nature. However, technology can provide governments and engineers with essential feedback, offering a better way to predict behaviour of the built environment – or soon to be built environment - during a crisis.

In effect, advanced technology provides a proactive method to more effectively create disaster-resistant communities. Let’s look at floods and how technology can help reduce the damage they cause. The OECD’s “Ranking of the world’s cities most exposed to coastal flooding today and in the future” lists the Top 20 cities.

Frighteningly, 15 of them are in Asia. The Top 5 cities exposed to coastal flooding are Calcutta, Mumbai, Dhaka, Guangzhou and Ho Chi Minh City. Others include Shanghai, Bangkok, Tokyo and Jakarta.

Floods in Malaysia are a major problem and floods during the monsoon season often lead to landslides, and result in damage to roads, buildings, homes and public facilities, with disruption to economic progress and daily life.

For an idea of the economic impact of floods, consider the following statistics:

nWhile average global flood losses in 2005 were estimated to be approximately US$6bil (RM21bil) per year, they are expected to rise to


US$52bil (RM182bil) by 2050 (Source: Nature Climate Change Report);

nThailand’s economy shrank 9% year-on-year in the fourth quarter of 2011, as a direct result of the country’s worst floods in half a century;

nIn 2009, Malaysia’s Ministry of Works reported that the total economic losses resulting from landslides were estimated at RM3bil over the past 34 years.

Governments must find new ways to prevent and reduce flood damage. This includes development of infrastructure and long-term maintenance and preparedness in the event of a disaster. Today, technology is available from Autodesk and others that converges architectural, engineering design and geospatial data.

Cities have the capability to use precise geospatial data and apply it across the entire infrastructure lifecycle, including operations and maintenance. This integration has enabled significant changes to be made to address town planning and management needs.

Digital 3D Model of a City

One can only imagine how difficult urban planning and management must be, particularly when there is typically incomplete or obsolete data, and the various systems that house the data can’t “talk” to each other. The enormous challenge for governments is to address issues arising from land scarcity, rapid land development, and increasing demand for land-related data from the public and private sectors as effectively as possible.

This puts a premium on fast decision-making in facilities management, urban planning and public construction projects. Such decisions require government organisations

to pull together a wide range of data from internal and external sources; and to truly understand that data, and the dependencies between different structures, assets and audiences.

On a grand scale, the creation of virtual city-wide 3D models can help owners, builders, architects, engineers and even the public understand how and where to prioritise restoration efforts in the wake of a disaster so repairs can be made as quickly as possible. This is particularly relevant for damaged utilities networks, whose “up and running” status is essential for life and business to return to normal. As well, the model can be used to more effectively plan the city’s future build out. For example, Las Vegas is creating a digital 3D model of the city, with the help of VTN Consulting and Autodesk. The model will include above and below-ground infrastructure. It will be accessible to city planners, surveyors, engineers, public works and others who may need it. City leaders want a system that shows urban development, and helps indicate where the best areas are for future development. The model is being created with Autodesk InfraWorks, Autodesk Civil 3D and Autodesk Navisworks Manage software, with the intention of having a “living” 3D model of the city.

Going a step further, if all elements are incorporated in the model, it is possible to simulate real-life disasters on the 3D-model and visualise how a particular structure is responding to the disaster effects. Such simulation enables greater learning of the environment to create a suitable maintenance plan, or in the event of an actual disaster, it allows emergency responders to be more prepared and be able to deal rapidly and effectively with emergency situations.

Cities like Seattle are already using city-scale 3D models to simulate

earthquakes as officials consider how to upgrade roadways, such as the central Alaskan Way viaduct freeway and sea wall as seen in this video.

For a first responder like a police and fireman, accurate 3D models mean they might no longer need to risk their life exploring an affected site blindly. Rather, they would have at their fingertips a simulated digital environment that provides precise architectural and engineering design data of the building, as well as the surrounding cityscape including underground infrastructure. If a first responder crew is equipped with iPads showing 3D models that indicate where gas pipes are before they enter a damaged building, it could be life-saving information.

Returning to the topic of flooding, emergency planners preparing for the impact of flooding could simulate a 3D city model that includes buildings, digital terrain, and intelligent utility and telecommunications network. This would assist planners to determine power, communications, water and waste water facilities that may be affected by floods and be able to use the intelligent utility and communications network to determine where power, communications, water, and other services may be disrupted.

In the absence of a Digital 3D City Model

Even if the government is not willing to invest in the creation of an entire digital 3D city model yet, there is hope for better natural disaster prevention. We have seen Autodesk solutions being used successfully by professionals, policy makers and the public to accurately anticipate the impacts of earthquakes on major infrastructure before they happen. Autodesk technology can also be used to understand the potential impact of storms and floods.


the face of floods

For example, Autodesk Infrastructure Design Suite 2014 offers technology to help city planners prevent flooding. The suite’s River and Flood module can analyze rivers to help determine future flood locations. The Storm and Sanitary Analysis module lets you perform analysis early in the design process for many types of projects, including urban storm water drainage network systems, highway storm drain catch basins and culverts, sustainable storm water management, detention ponds and sanitary sewer systems.

Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis has seismic simulation capabilities that allow you to simulate how the as-built environment (buildings, roadways, bridges, etc.) as well as planned structures will perform in various disaster scenarios.

Autodesk’s Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology simulates the full impact of flooding that occurs when dams collapse. The research has been helping China’s disaster management authorities better understand the full impact of the catastrophic flooding that would occur if one of China’s largest dams collapsed.

With Autodesk SIM 360, structural engineers can test the dynamic response and behaviour of materials like concrete, to understand the full impact of flooding that may occur when dams are compromised, to better predict long-term durability.

Realistic visualisations based on data-rich, engineering-accurate models allow everyone to understand these catastrophic events in ways that stacks of complex technical reports and disaggregated data have not been able to convey. Software likeAutodesk InfraWorks 360 Pro and Autodesk 3ds Max Design can be used for visualisations that show how structures will react.

Where do we go from here?

As urban populations increase throughout Asia, the risks to life and property caused by natural disasters continue to rise as well. While we understand the dynamics of these disasters better and better, we still can’t perfectly predict when and where disasters such as typhoons, floods and earthquakes are going to going to occur. But we know that they will inevitably come, and we can do a much better job of preparing for them.

Thankfully we now have technology that allows us to model and simulate how our structures will perform during these events. We have the almost-infinite computing power of the cloud to amass huge troves of data and simulate structural performance in numerous conditions. And we have the ability to put that wealth of structure data in the form of easy-to-navigate 3D models onto mobile devices and into the hands of the first responders and government officials who need it in a crisis.

But if we don’t act on this new wealth of data and capabilities, it doesn’t do us much good. How can we help get public and government buy-in on the costs required for needed upgrades to existing and future structures? Visualisations are part of the answer. We have the ability to visualise and animate how those structures will react to a massive flood or earthquake. Nothing concentrates the mind like seeing an aging or poorly designed bridge crumble in the face of an earthquake of a magnitude that is highly likely to occur in the not-too-distant future. It’s time for us to get to work.


the face of floods

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