for Justice FacilitiesJustice Facilities - Nacht &...

Understanding Changeshto the

2013 California Building Code (CBC)(CBC)

for

Justice FacilitiesJustice Facilities•Jails •Police Stations•Prisons•Courts•Sheriffs’ Office

•Highway Patrol•Border Patrol•Law Enforcement•Sheriffs Office •Law Enforcement

Foreword

This slideshow was assembled by Lorenzo Lopez with assistance from Jeffrey Maddox to organize the changes t th 2013 C d C l hi h ff t j ti f iliti Thto the 2013 Code Cycle which affect justice facilities. The official report can be found on the California Office of the State Fire Marshal at: h // f fi / d d l / df/Ihttp://osfm.fire.ca.gov/codedevelopment/pdf/I-3%20Occupancy/I-3_Final_Report.pdf

The proposed changes in the link above have been adopted by the California Building Standards Commission and should be published in July of 2013. The report from the link above records these changes in numerical order of code section starting with Section 202 gfor definitions and ending with Section 1028.1.

Foreword

Because the fire and life safety issues the I-3 Task Group addressed affect multiple code sections (which are not in

d ) thi lid h th h t th border) this slideshow groups the changes together by issue in order to assist with understanding those changes.

This slide show did not address the various modifications to definitions which should be self explanatory.

The slideshow presented on March 13th 2013 to the Academy of Architecture for Justice begins on the following slide.

Feel free to contact Lorenzo Lopez at [email protected] with questions.

Office of the State Fire MarshalOffice of the State Fire MarshalI-3 Occupancy Codes Task Group Changes

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Presentation to:The Academy of Architecture for Justice

March 13th 2013ate

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March 13 , 2013

Lorenzo Lopez, AIA Nacht & Lewisdof

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andJeff Maddox, PE The Fire Consultants

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Agenda

•Background / Mission / Members•I-3 Exceptions

Restraint ConditionsRestraint ConditionsReduction in Corridor ratings

•Combined I-2 and I-3 OccupanciesNurses Stationsar

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Nurses StationsDoor Swing

•I-3/B Occupancy Podium•Courthouse Holdingat

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g•Quantity of Required Exits•Delayed Egress in Courthouses•Windowless Buildingsof

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•Fire Sprinklers•Smoke Detection•Refuge AreasAssembl in I 3 Occ pancies

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•Assembly in I-3 Occupancies•Travel Distance•Exit Width Factor

Background

An “I-3 Occupancy” refers to jails, prisons, holding, or any partial building use where occupants are restrained in any fashion. These occupancies are also present in courthouses and law enforcement facilities.ar

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facilities.

The codes governing detention facilities are extremely robust because they must provide for fire and lifeat

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robust because they must provide for fire and life safety for occupants who cannot quickly exit.

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In addition, correctional medical and mental health facilities further complicate these requirements because the codes that govern medical facilities (I-2

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because t e codes t at go e ed ca ac t es (occupancies) sometimes conflict with the requirements for detention facilities.

I-3 Task Group Mission

Excerpt from Tonya L. Hoover letterDated August 18, 2011

The scope of the project is to review and evaluate arsh

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the current California Code of Regulations, Title 24 –California Building Code, Section 308.4 Group I-3 to determine if revisions (amendments) are needed inat

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determine if revisions (amendments) are needed in regards to occupancy of certain facilities. The task group will develop and provide recommendations to the State Fire Marshal for consideration and/orof

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the State Fire Marshal for consideration and/or implementation.

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Task Group Members

Chair:Steve Guarino, Supervising State Fire MarshalCo‐Chair:Lorenzo Martin Lopez, Nacht Lewis Architects

California State Fire Marshal’s OfficeGreg Anderson John Guhl Cindy MooreLorenzo Martin Lopez, Nacht Lewis Architects

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Cindy Moore Michele Nachtmann Ernie Paez Kevin Reinertson Bill Robertson

Code/Fire Consultants/ResourcesSanjay Aggarwal – RJA Group Gale Bate – Code ResourceJeffrey Maddox The Fire Consultants

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California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation/BSCC

Bill Robertson Ken Vollenweider

Jeffrey Maddox – The Fire Consultants Kevin Scott – International Code Council

Code Agency/Enforcement LeadersAli Fatah – City of San Diego

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T Charlene Aboytes Michael Bush Carmelito Cataylo Paul Chatham

Joe McAtee – California Medical FacilityTroy Morris – Deuel Vocational InstituteRobert Marshall – Contra Costa Fire Protection User Agencies

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Virgil Matheny

A/E FirmsCatherine Chan – HOK/HDRMaynard Feist – Lionakis

Syed Alam – Department of Mental HealthJon Marhoefer – San Bernardino Sheriff’s Dept.Debi Nishimoto – Department of Mental HealthThomas Trimberger – Power Utilities Bureau VeritasCalifornia Administrative Office of the CourtsShawn Sen Jim Stephenson

yRichard Hoerner – Lionakis Brian McLaughlin – ArupGordon Rogers – Kitchell, CEM, Inc.

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I-3 Exceptions

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I-3 Exceptions

•The I-3 Task Group was working under the direction of the the California State Fire Marshal (CSFM).the California State Fire Marshal (CSFM).

•The CSFM has limited authority to recommend changes to the CBC.ar

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•Section 408 is under the purview of the CSFM.

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I-3 Exceptions

Section 408.1.2 was expanded to accommodate many of the forthcoming changes to the California Building Code relativeforthcoming changes to the California Building Code relative to I-3 Occupancies. Footnote ‘e’ from Table 503 and footnote ‘b’ from Table 1018.1 direct designers and code officials to the various new exceptions.ar

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Rationale: 408.1.2 already addressed “Construction” for I-3 facilities, as well

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as exceptions to construction. It makes sense to include additional exception in the same section.

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I-3 Exceptions

Table 503 footnote ‘e’e See Section 408 1 1 for specific exceptions for one storye. See Section 408.1.1 for specific exceptions for one‐story Type IIA, Type IIIA or Type VA construction 408.1.2 for specific exceptions to construction type, allowable ar

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building areas and allowable heights.

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Table 1018.1 footnote ‘b’b. For a reduction in the fire‐resistance rating for occupancies in Group I 3 see Section 408 8 408 1 2of

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occupancies in Group I‐3, see Section 408.8. 408.1.2.

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New Restraint Conditions

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Three new restraint conditions have been created which may allow holding to be a B occupancy rather than an I-3allow holding to be a B occupancy rather than an I 3 occupancy.

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Allows for law enforcement buildings to meet the definitions of other conditions listed in the model code or CBC. These are technically I-3 occupancies, but fall well below the security and

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danger levels described in the other conditions.

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Uses:

•sheriff’s offices•police stations•border patrol buildingsar

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•FBI office•DEA•other B occupancy law enforcement facilities

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The inclusion of a small number of lockable rooms which are under supervision should not require the entire building to meet I‐3 conditions The alternative would be to handcuff or shackle detaineesof

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conditions. The alternative would be to handcuff or shackle detainees to a desk or bench which would be more risk to life safety.

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308.5.6 Condition 6. This occupancy condition shall include buildings which include one Temporary Holdinginclude buildings which include one Temporary Holding Facility with five or fewer persons under restraint or security when the building protected throughout with a ar

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monitored automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 and protected with an automatic fire alarm system with notification appliances at

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f y f ppthroughout the holding facility. A Condition 6 facility is permitted to be constructed as Group B.

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308.5.7 Condition 7. This occupancy condition shall include buildings which include one Temporary Holdinginclude buildings which include one Temporary Holding Facility with nine or fewer persons under restraint or security located on the first or second floor and ar

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constructed to comply with Section 408.1.2.6. A Condition 7 facility is permitted to be constructed as Group B.at

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408.1.2.6 Temporary Holding Facility. Temporary holding facilities with nine or fewer persons under restraint shall be classifiedfacilities with nine or fewer persons under restraint shall be classified as Group B when located in a buildings complying with the following conditions:

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1. The building shall be protected throughout with a monitored automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1at

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2. The building shall protected with a automatic fire alarm system with notification appliances throughout the holding facility in of

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accordance with Section 907.2

3. The building shall be constructed of Type IIA, IIIA or VA Offi

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construction.


308.5.8 Condition 8. This occupancy condition shall include buildings which include not more than 4 Secureinclude buildings which include not more than 4 Secure Interview Rooms located within the same fire area and where not more than 6 occupants under restraint are ar

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located in the same fire area. A Condition 8 facility is permitted to be constructed as Group B if the requirements in Section 408.1.2.7 are satisfied.at

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408.1.2.7 Temporary Holding Facility. Secure Interview Rooms used for law enforcement may be locked, and shall not be classified as Group I‐3 occupancies when all of the following conditions are met:ar

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1. A monitored automatic sprinkler system shall be providedthroughout buildings and portions thereof including SecureInterview Rooms The automatic sprinkler system shall complyat

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Interview Rooms. The automatic sprinkler system shall complywith Section 903.1.1.

2 Secure Interview Rooms shall be located in non‐combustibleof th

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2. Secure Interview Rooms shall be located in non combustibleconstruction.

3. Secure Interview Rooms have glazed or barred openings with

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g p gdirect, continuous observation from law enforcement personnelwho have a means to open the secure interview room.


…continued

4. Not more than 6 occupants in Secure Interview Rooms shall belocated in the same fire area.

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5. An automatic smoke detection system shall be installed withinSecure Interview Rooms and mechanical and electrical rooms.

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Reduction in Corridor Rating

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Challenges with Rated Corridors in Detention Facilities:

•Sliding doors cannot achieve fire/smoke rating•No UL door frame design for frames over 4” deep•Cuff slots/speaker ports in doors not allowedar

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•Door smoke seals and closers not desired due to security•Fire rated security glazing is very expensive•Tempered glazing not compatible with wire glazing

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•Plumbing chases in corridor are challenging•Cannot mechanically move air through corridors•…and many more

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This code section eliminated the need for rated corridors within holding areas and cell complexes.within holding areas and cell complexes.

Rationale: 1018 required a corridor whenever the occupant load was 6 or ar

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more. This did not consider the concept of intervening spaces per 1014.2. 1014 should apply.

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•408.1.2.2 allows for open bar construction in housing units.•CBC is also more restrictive than the IBC Detention grade glazing cannot be constructed to meet fireof

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•Detention grade glazing cannot be constructed to meet fire resistance requirements.•Other occupancies do not automatically require corridorsO

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TABLE 1018.1CORRIDOR FIRE‐RESISTANCE RATING

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Office environments are not required to create corridors between system furniture when the occupant load is greater than 30

Therefore

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Rated corridors are only necessary when required by other sections of the building code.


408.1.2.2 Intervening spaces; Egress within I‐3 Occupancies can be considered an intervening space in accordance with 1014.2, and notconsidered an intervening space in accordance with 1014.2, and not considered a corridor, when they meet any of the following:

1. The inmate and/or staff movement within cell complexes, medical arsh

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housing wings, and mental health housing wings of Type I construction.

2. Areas within any temporary holding area of non‐combustible

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construction.

3. Areas within secure mental health treatment facilities of non‐combustible constructionof

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combustible construction.

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Cell Complexes

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Non‐Rated

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Rated Corridor(<50’ D d E d )(<50’ Dead Ends)


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Rated Corridors


Courtroom Holding

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Rated Lobby

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Rated Corridor

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Where other portions of the code determine a rated corridor is required, corridors serving temporary holding only needsis required, corridors serving temporary holding only needs to be 1-hour when the occupant load > 20.

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The proposed change would differentiate the level of protection based upon the difference in fire risk between temporary holding rooms where persons are kept for less than 24 hours, and

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housing cells where persons sleep overnight and/or reside.Temporary holding rooms, including courthouse holding areas, have far less combustible content and sources of ignition and should not be held to the same restrictions as I 3 sleeping areasof

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should not be held to the same restrictions as I-3 sleeping areas. Occupants of these spaces are there for limited periods of time. These spaces impose lower risk than housing units because occupants cannot accumulate or store combustibles

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occupants cannot accumulate or store combustibles.


408.1.2.5 Temporary Holding Area. In buildings protected withautomatic sprinklers, corridors serving temporary holding rooms shallautomatic sprinklers, corridors serving temporary holding rooms shallbe one hour fire resistance rated when the temporary holding occupant load is greater than 20.

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Combined I-2/I-3 Occupancy

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This change addresses combined medical (I-2) and detention (I-3) occupancies and clarifies that various medicaldetention (I 3) occupancies and clarifies that various medical exceptions apply to correctional medical and mental health facilities.

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Rationale: California is tasked with constructing subacute medical and mental health care facilities (I‐2 occupancies) for patient‐inmates within the

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California state prison system (I‐3 occupancies). The code currently does not address the specific construction provisions for combining these occupancies. The proposed code revision will clarify the specific provisions that are necessary to facilitate inmate care whileof

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provisions that are necessary to facilitate inmate care while maintaining a secure environment.

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408.2.1 Correctional medical and mental health uses. Where aGroup I‐2 occupancy in accordance with Section 308.4 and a GroupI‐3 occupancy occur together in a building or portions of buildings, thefollowing sections of 407 as it relates to hospital uses in correctionalinstitutions shall apply: 407 2 1; 407 2 2; 407 2 3; 407 3 1; 407 4;ar

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institutions shall apply: 407.2.1; 407.2.2; 407.2.3; 407.3.1; 407.4;407.10.2.

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Rating of Nurses’ Stations

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The exceptions in Section 407 allowing for Nurses’ Stations to be in the corridor in I-2 occupancies will apply toto be in the corridor in I 2 occupancies will apply to combined I-2/I-3 occupancies.

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In the past, secure nurses stations were required to be of rated construction when they were located in the corridor. In I-2 occupancy hospitals, nurses’ stations were exempted. The

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glazing around nurses station in secure environments would actually contribute to smoke control. Furthermore, secure detention facilities tend to have less paperwork and combustibles Therefore the same exception should apply in I 3of

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combustibles. Therefore the same exception should apply in I-3 environments.

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407.2.2 Nurses' stations. Spaces for doctors' and nurses' charting,communications and related clerical areas shall be permitted to becommunications and related clerical areas shall be permitted to beopen to, or located within, the corridor provided the requiredconstruction along the perimeter of the corridor is maintained whensuch spaces are constructed as required for corridors. Construction ofar

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nurses' stations or portions of nurses' stations, within the envelope ofthe corridor is not required to be fire‐resistive rated. Nurses' stationsin new and existing facilities see the California Code of Regulations,

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Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 1, Subchapter 1, Article 3, Section 3.11(d)for storage and equipment requirements.

In detention or secure mental health facilities the provisions aboveof th

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In detention or secure mental health facilities, the provisions aboveapply to enclosed nurses’ stations within the corridor.

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Door Swings into Corridors

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This change provides an exception for combined I-2/I-3 occupancies which allow for doors to swing into theoccupancies which allow for doors to swing into the required corridor.

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•Doors must swing out of rooms in I-3 Occupancies•Chapter 10 requires 8’-0” clear corridors•Alcoves should be avoided in I-3 Occupancies

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•Movement is generally controlled in I-3 Occupancies•Double loaded corridors with 48” doors would otherwise require 16’ wide corridors plus room for doors

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4’ doors

8’ 4” corridor would8 ‐4 corridor would need to be 16’‐0”


407.3.1.1 Swing of corridor doors. Corridor doors, other than thoseequipped with self‐closing or automatic‐closing devices, shall not swingequipped with self closing or automatic closing devices, shall not swinginto the required width of corridors.

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Doors may swing into required width of corridors in I‐3 facilities aslong as 44" clear is maintained with any one door open 90 degreesand clear corridor widths required in Chapter 12 can be maintained

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with doors open 180 degrees.

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I-3/B Occupancy Podium

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T I 3/B Occupancy Podium

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This change would allow for separate construction to apply to administration portions of buildings above detentionto administration portions of buildings above detention occupancies.

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Administration space and inmate treatment space have different building requirements and ideally would be constructed next to one another. However, space limitations are requiring them to be stacked.

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Administration areas above detention occupancies, when separated by 3‐hour horizontal construction, should be allowed to be of less restrictive construction provided independent free egress is allowed for the administration area This arrangement provides a higher degreeof

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for the administration area. This arrangement provides a higher degree of fire and life safety than requiring the administration area to fall within the I‐3requirements and exit into locked portions of the building below

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below.


408.1.2.4 Group I‐3/Group B Occupancy, Horizontal buildingseparation. A Group B Administration building one story in heightseparation. A Group B Administration building one story in heightmay be located above a Group I‐3 (or Group I‐3/I‐2)housing/treatment building which is one story above grade and shallbe classified as a separate and distinct building for the purpose ofar

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determining the type of construction, and shall be considered aseparate fire area, where all of the following conditions are met:

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1. A 3‐hour floor‐ceiling assembly below the administration buildingis constructed as a horizontal assembly in accordance withSection 711.

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2. Interior shafts for stairs, elevators, and mechanical systemscomplete the 3‐hour separation between the Group B and GroupI‐3 (or Group I‐3/I‐2)

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I 3 (or Group I 3/I 2)


…continued

3 Th G I 3 ( G I 3/I 2 i3. The Group I‐3 occupancy (or Group I‐3/I‐2occupancies,correctional medical and mental health uses) below is minimumType I‐B construction with 2‐hour fire resistive rated exteriorWallsar

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Walls

4. No unprotected openings are allowed in lower roofs within 10feet of unprotected windows in the upper floorat

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feet of unprotected windows in the upper floor

5. The Group B building above is of non‐combustible constructionand equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinklerof

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q pp g pp psystem in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1

6. The Group B occupancy building above has all required means ofOffi

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egress capable of discharging directly to the exterior to a safedispersal area

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Courthouse Holding

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Courthouse Holding

This change would allow for courthouse construction to differ from courthouse holding construction.differ from courthouse holding construction.

Rationale: For small courthouses, construction type is driven by I-3 portionar

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occupancy, which typically occupies less than 10 percent of the overall area of the building. It is unreasonable to require a very small portion of the building to dictate the construction of the

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entire building; hence exceptions for courthouse facilities need to be allowed.

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This proposed change would still require the I-3 portion to beconstructed in a manner consistent with what is required for thatoccupancy.O

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Courthouse Holding

408.1.2.3 Courthouse Holding Group I‐3 courtroom holding areasmay be considered a separate and distinct building for the purpose ofmay be considered a separate and distinct building for the purpose ofdetermining the type of construction from the remaining courthousebuilding where all of the following conditions are met:

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1. 2‐hour fire barrier construction in accordance with 707 andhorizontal assemblies in accordance with 711 separate holdingfrom all other portions of the courthouse

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2. Structure to support holding areas meets requirements for the I‐3 portion of the building

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Courthouse Holding

…continued

3. Courtroom holding above the ground floor is less than 1,000 SFper holding area, and designed to hold 10 or fewer in‐custodydefendants per holding areaar

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4. Courtroom holding above the ground floor must include aninternal stair discharging to the main holding at the ground floor

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or basement

5. Additional exits from courtroom holding above the ground floormay exit through courtroomsof

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may exit through courtrooms

6. The main holding on the ground floor or basement shall have atleast one exit directly to the exterior and additional required

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least one exit directly to the exterior and additional requiredmeans of egress

Courthouse Holding

Under 2010 CBC•Type I‐B•2‐Hr Structure•2‐Hr Bearing Walls

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2 Hr Bearing Walls•2‐Hr Floors•1‐Hr Roof

Under 2013 CBCT III B

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•0‐Hr Structure•2‐Hr Ext. Bearing•0‐Hr Floors•0‐Hr Roof

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•Type V‐B•0‐Hr Structure•0‐Hr Bearing

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Level 2

g•0‐Hr Floors•0‐Hr Roof

Transverse Section Cross Section

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Quantity of Required Exits

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This change would increase the occupancy of temporary holding to >20 before a second exit is required.holding to 20 before a second exit is required.

Rationale: The 2010 CBC section 1015.1 item 4 indicates “In detention andar

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correctional facilities and holding cells” two means of egress arerequired when the occupant load exceeds 20. Table 1015.1 indicatesthe maximum occupant load for 1 means of egress is 10. We have

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reviewed the 2001 CBC and in our opinion section 1015.1 item 4 is acombination of 2001 CBC 1004.2.3.3 exception 2 and Appendix 3section 331A.1. The first code section establishes the requiredoccupant load of 20 for holding cells while the second code sectionof

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occupant load of 20 for holding cells while the second code sectionestablishes 20 occupants for the occupancies related to Appendix 3A(prisons, jails, reformatories, and other detention facilities). It is ouropinion that the intent was to carry over the 2001 requirements but

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opinion that the intent was to carry over the 2001 requirements butthe IBC number in the table was missed.


TABLE 1015.1SPACES WITH ONE EXIT OR EXIT ACCESS DOORWAY

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SPACES WITH ONE EXIT OR EXIT ACCESS DOORWAY

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408.3.11 Number of exits required. In temporary holding areas ofof th

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non‐combustible construction, a second means of egress is requiredwhen the occupant load is greater than 20.

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Delayed Egress in Courthouses

Changes would make it easier to provide for delayed egress in Courthouses for emergency exits and secondary exits notin Courthouses for emergency exits and secondary exits not adjacent to the secure entry.

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Delayed egress doors are required in order to secure secondary exitsfrom courthouses. The alternative would be to allow terrorists or othercriminals to open a secondary exit from the inside to allow other

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armed or otherwise dangerous individuals to enter. Courthouses areheavily staffed and are equipped with sprinklers and smoke detection,and therefore delayed egress poses no threat to life safety. In order toallow for delayed egress which actually increases life safety theof

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allow for delayed egress, which actually increases life safety, therequirements for smoke detection should only be required in corridors,mechanical and electrical spaces to be covered by smoke detection.O

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907.3.2.1 In other than Group I, R‐2.1 and Group R‐4, occupanciesfor single‐story buildings smoke detectors shall be installed at ceilingsfor single story buildings smoke detectors shall be installed at ceilingsthroughout all occupied areas and mechanical/electrical spaces. Formultiple‐story buildings smoke detectors shall be installed throughoutall occupied areas and mechanical/electrical spaces for the story wherear

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delayed egress devices are installed. Additional detectors are requiredon adjacent stories where occupants of those stories utilize the samemeans of egress.

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Exception: Refer to 907.3.2.4 for Group A courthouse occupancies.

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907.3.2.4 For Group A Courthouse occupancies, Approvedautomatic smoke detection system shall be installed at ceilings in allautomatic smoke detection system shall be installed at ceilings in alloccupied corridors and mechanical/electrical spaces of smoke compartments where delayed egress devices are installed.

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1008.1.9.7 Delayed egress locks. Approved, listed, delayed egresslocks shall be permitted to be installed on doors serving any occupancylocks shall be permitted to be installed on doors serving any occupancyexcept Group A, E, H, and L occupancies.

Exception: Group A occupancies courtrooms are permitted to utilizearsh

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delayed egress locks.

in bBuildings that are with delayed egress locks shall be equipped

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throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance withSection 903.3.1.1 and an approved automatic smoke detection systeminstalled in accordance with Section 907, provided that the doorsunlock in accordance with Items one through nine below A buildingof

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unlock in accordance with Items one through nine below. A buildingoccupant shall not be required to pass through more than one doorequipped with a delayed egress lock before entering an exit. Delayedegress devices shall conform to all of the following:

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egress devices shall conform to all of the following:

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This change clarifies and provides alternatives to satisfy windowless building requirements.windowless building requirements.

Rationale: The design community has struggled with understanding the intent ofar

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this code section, and the benefit it provides to life safety. Section408.9 is based on the need for operable windows which pose asecurity threat in I occupancies. Operable windows provide limited

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benefits to fire and life safety because they must be manuallyoperated. However, we understand the need to address the tenabilityof areas where inmates might be asleep and their escape is delayed bythe need to unlock their cells The proposed language clarifies theof

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the need to unlock their cells. The proposed language clarifies theintent of code by limiting the requirement to overnight sleeping areaswhere inmates are locked in their cells, and provides exceptions forcommonly built housing types The proposed language should result

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commonly built housing types. The proposed language should resultin cost savings.


408.9 Windowless buildings. For the purposes of this section, awindowless building or portion of a building is one with non‐openablewindowless building or portion of a building is one with non openablewindows, windows not readily breakable or without windows.Windowless buildings shall be provided with an engineered smokecontrol system to provide a tenable environment for exiting from thear

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smoke compartment in the area of fire origin in accordance withSection 909 for each windowless smoke compartment.

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…continued

Section 408.9.1 Smoke Venting. Windowless building containinguse conditions 4 or 5 shall be provided with an engineered smokecontrol system in accordance with Section 909, windows or doors,ar

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smoke vents, or equivalent means to provide a tenable environmentfor exiting from the smoke compartment in the area of fire origin. Ifwindows or doors are used to meet this section, at least 2 windows or

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doors to the exterior must be provided at or above the highestoccupied level in each smoke compartment, and the windows or doorsmust be operable or readily breakable and arranged to manually ventSmokeof

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Smoke.

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Exception:

1. Local adult detention facilities, CDCR, and CDCR mentalhealth housing facilities shall be exempt from this section whenthey meet each of the following criteria:ar

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a. Are Type I‐B or I‐A construction

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b. Are protected with sprinklers throughout in accordancewith 903.1.1

c Include a fire alarm system with smoke detection inof th

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c. Include a fire alarm system with smoke detection inaccordance with NFPA 72 in the dayroom and/or corridorserving as exit access from the cells, reporting to a 24hour central control at the institution

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hour central control at the institutionbuilding and approved by the AHJ.


…continued

d. Include at least one exit from each housing unit thatdischarges directly to the exterior

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e. The building is divided into at least two smokecompartments per Section 408.6.1

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f. Staffing in the institution is sufficient to evacuateinmates from the smoke compartment 24 hours per day,as approved by the AHJ or the facility is provided withgang or electric locksof

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gang or electric locks.

2. No venting or smoke control is required when an engineeringanalysis shows an acceptable safe egress time compared to the

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analysis shows an acceptable safe egress time compared to theonset of untenable conditions within a windowless building orportion of a windowless building and approved by the AHJ.

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Fire Sprinklers

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Fire Sprinklers

Exceptions which previously allowed for cells to be unsprinklered have been removed.unsprinklered have been removed.

Rationale: The I‐3 Occupancy Codes Task Force reviewed the history and currentar

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correctional operation associated with this Section and its exceptionsand proposes to repeal the exceptions in this rule making. Theseexceptions are a holdover from barred cell front construction. It is no

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longer allowed to apply to cells with solid cell fronts.

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Fire Sprinklers

903.2.6.2 Group I‐3. Every building, or portion thereof, whereinmates or persons are in custody or restrained shall be protected byinmates or persons are in custody or restrained shall be protected byan automatic sprinkler system conforming to NFPA 13. The mainsprinkler control valve or valves and all other control valves in thesystem shall be locked in the open position and electrically supervisedar

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so that at least an audible and visual alarm will sound at a constantlyattended location when valves are closed. The sprinkler branch pipingserving cells may be embedded in the concrete construction.

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Exception: Sprinklers are not required in cells housing two or fewerinmates and the building shall be considered sprinklered throughoutwhen all the following criteria are met:of

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when all the following criteria are met:

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Fire Sprinklers

…continued

1. Automatic fire sprinklers shall be mounted outside the cell a1. Automatic fire sprinklers shall be mounted outside the cell aminimum of 6 feet (1829 mm) on center and 12 inches (305mm) from the wall with quick response sprinkler heads.Where spacing permits, the head shall be centered over thear

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cell door opening.

2. The maximum amount of combustibles, excluding linen and

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clothing, shall be maintained at three pounds per inmate.

3. For local detention facilities, each individual housing cell shallbe provided with a two way inmate or sound actuated audioof

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be provided with a two‐way inmate or sound‐actuated audiomonitoring system for communication directly to the controlstation serving the cell(s).O

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4. The provisions of the exception in Section 804.4.2 shall notapply.

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Smoke Detection

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Smoke Detection

Smoke detection is not required in temporary holding.

Rationale: This is intended to clarify that this code section, which eliminates theneed for smoke detection in temporary holding cells in I‐3 occupanciesar

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as is permitted for sleeping rooms per California Fire Code Section907.2.6.3.3. Temporary holding cells have far less combustible contentand sources of ignition. Occupants of these spaces are there for

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limited periods of time. These spaces impose less risk than sleepingcells and day rooms which are exempted per 907.2.6.3.3.

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Smoke Detection

[F] 907.2.6.3 Group I‐3 occupancies. Group I‐3 occupancies shallbe equipped with a manual fire alarm system and automatic smokebe equipped with a manual fire alarm system and automatic smokedetection system installed for alerting staff.

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within temporary holding cells.

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Smoke Detection

Smoke detection is not required in patient rooms in correctional medical and mental health facilities.correctional medical and mental health facilities.

Rationale: This clarifies that this code section, which eliminates thear

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need for fire and smoke detection in cells in I‐3 facilities, also appliesto medical/mental health facilities which are a correctional medical and mental health facilities.

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Smoke Detection

[F] 907.2.6.3.3 Automatic smoke detection system. Anautomatic smoke detection system shall be installed throughoutautomatic smoke detection system shall be installed throughoutresident housing areas, including sleeping units and contiguous dayrooms, group activity spaces and other common spaces normallyaccessible to inmates.ar

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Exception:2. For Department of Corrections, prison cell or cell complex

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automatic smoke detection system shall not be required when allof the following conditions are met:

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Smoke Detection

…continued

2. For detention housing and/or mental health housing area(s),including correctional medical and mental health uses,Department of Corrections, prison cell or cell complexar

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automatic smoke detection system in sleeping units shall notbe required when all of the following conditions are met:

1. All rooms, including the inmate cells are provided with

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an automatic sprinkler system in accordance withSection 903.3.1.1.2. Building is continuously staffed by a correctional officerat all timesof

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at all times.3. The exception to Section 903.2.6.2 shall not apply.room.O

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Smoke Detection

…continued

3. Smoke detectors are not required to be installed in inmatecells with 2 or fewer occupants in detention facilities which donot have a correctional medical and mental health use.ar

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4. Smoke detectors are not required to be installed in inmateday rooms of detention facilities where 24 hour direct visual

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supervision is provided by correctional officer and a manualfire alarm box is located in the control room.

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Refuge Areas

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Refuge Areas

This change allows for all refuge areas in detention facilities to lead to other secure areas of the facility.to lead to other secure areas of the facility.

Rationale: Often in I‐3 occupancies, horizontal exits are required to achieve thear

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exiting requirements and maintain security. In group I‐3 occupancies,an exit is not necessary from each individual fire compartment if thereis access to an exit through other fire compartments without passing

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through the fire compartment of fire origin. This provision is intendedto promote the use of horizontal exits in detention and correctionaloccupancies. Horizontal exits provide an especially effective egresssystem for an occupancy in which the occupants due to securityof

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system for an occupancy in which the occupants, due to securityconcerns, are not commonly released to the outside.

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Refuge Areas

Section 1025.4 Capacity of refuge area. The refuge area of ahorizontal exit shall be a space occupied by the same tenant or ahorizontal exit shall be a space occupied by the same tenant or apublic area and each such refuge area shall be adequate toaccommodate the original occupant load of the refuge area plus theoccupant load anticipated from the adjoining compartment…ar

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The refuge area into which a horizontal exit leads shall be provided

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with exits adequate to meet the occupant requirements of thischapter, but not including the added occupant load imposed bypersons entering it through horizontal exits from other areas. Inother than I 3 Occupancies A at least one refuge area exit shallof

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other than I‐3 Occupancies, A at least one refuge area exit shalllead directly to the exterior or to an interior exit stairway or ramp.

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Assembly in I-3

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Assembly in I-3

This exempts I-3 occupancies from following all requirements of A occupancies when assembly areas occurrequirements of A occupancies when assembly areas occur in a jail, prison, juvenile facility, etc.

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The I‐3 Occupancy Codes Task Force reviewed the currentrequirements for Group A occupancies found with correctional anddetention facilities. The requirements of section 1028 are not

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compatible with I‐3 facilities. Since I‐3 facilities are already built tomore restrictive requirements then necessary for Group A occupancies,and because quantity and size of exits are spelled out in other areas ofChapter 10 this code section creates confusion on buildings that areof

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Chapter 10, this code section creates confusion on buildings that areGroup I‐3 occupancies as their primary occupancy. The provisionfound in Section 1028 are less stringent then the requirements forGroup I‐3 occupancies

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Group I 3 occupancies.

Assembly in I-3

Section 1028.1 General. A room or space used for assemblypurposes All o Occupancies in Group A and assembly occupanciespurposes All o Occupancies in Group A and assembly occupanciesaccessory to Group E, including those which contain seats, tables,displays, equipment or other material shall comply with this section.

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Exceptions: Group occupancies within I‐3 facilities are exempt fromegress requirements of 1028.

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Travel Distance-

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and to

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Travel Distance- to Exit

This change would increase the travel distance in detention facilities for low occupant/low danger areas.facilities for low occupant/low danger areas.

Rationale: The I‐3 Occupancy Codes Task Force suggests that the 200 foot travelar

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distance is overly conservative for staff areas within an institution.Staff areas such as storage, control rooms, tunnels, and officer areashave a similar or smaller fire load than Group B office areas which are

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permitted the 300 ft distance. Even this distance is based on a slowtravel speed to accommodate a wide variety of movement speeds.The staff in an institution should be moving at faster speeds than theaverage personof

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average person.

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Travel Distance- to Exit

408.3.10 Travel Distance. The travel distance may be increased to300 feet for portions of Group I‐3 occupancies open only to staff or300 feet for portions of Group I 3 occupancies open only to staff orwhere inmates are escorted at all times by staff.

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TABLE 1016.2 a. (Refer to) Section 408.3.10 for increased limitation in I‐3 Occupancies.

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Travel Distance- to Smoke Compartment

This change would increase the distance allowed to reach a separate smoke compartment.separate smoke compartment.

Rationale: The I‐3 Occupancy Codes Task Force suggests that the 150/200 footar

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travel distance is overly conservative for staff areas within aninstitution. Staff areas such as storage, control rooms, tunnels, andofficer areas have a similar or smaller fire load than Group B office

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areas which are permitted a greater distance. Even this distance isbased on a slow travel speed to accommodate a wide variety ofmovement speeds. The staff in an institution should be moving atfaster speeds than the average person and can travel the extra 50of

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faster speeds than the average person and can travel the extra 50foot.

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Travel Distance - toSmoke Compartment

408.6.1 Smoke compartments. The maximum number of residentsin any smoke compartment shall be 200. The travel distance to a doorin any smoke compartment shall be 200. The travel distance to a doorin a smoke barrier from any room door required as exit access shallnot exceed 150 feet. The travel distance to a door in a smoke barrierfrom any point in a room shall not exceed 200 feet.ar

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Exception: The travel distance may be increased by 50 feet fromareas open only to the staff.

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Exit Width*

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*These changes were not part of the I-3 Task Group recommendations

Exit Width

This change would decrease the exit width factor to 0.15/0.2 for buildings with sprinklers and voice evacuation. Thisfor buildings with sprinklers and voice evacuation. This exception applies to all occupancies except for I-2 and H.

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Exit Width

1005.3 Required capacity based on occupant load. The required capacity, in inches (mm), of the means of egress for any room, area,capacity, in inches (mm), of the means of egress for any room, area, space or story shall not be less than that determined in accordance with Sections 1005.3.1 and 1005.3.2:

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1005.3.1 Stairways. The capacity, in inches (mm), of means of egress stairways shall be calculated by multiplying the occupant load served by such stairway by a means of egress capacity factor of 0.3 inch (7.6

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mm) per occupant. Where stairways serve more than one story, only the occupant load of each story considered individually shall be used in calculating the required capacity of the stairways serving that story.

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Exit Width

…continued

Exceptions:Exceptions: 1. For other than Group H and I‐2 occupancies, the capacity, in

inches (mm), of means of egress stairways shall be calculated by multiplying the occupant load served by such stairway by a means ar

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of egress capacity factor of 0.2 inch (5.1 mm) per occupant in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2

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and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

2 For Group H 1 H 2 H 3 and H 4 occupancies the total width ofof th

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2. For Group H‐1, H‐2, H‐3 and H‐4 occupancies the total width of means of egress in inches (mm) shall not be less than the total occupant load served by the means of egress multiplied by 0.7 inches (7 62 mm) per occupant

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inches (7.62 mm) per occupant.

3. Means of egress complying with Section 1028.

Exit Width

1005.3.2 Other egress components. The capacity, in inches (mm), of means of egress components other than stairways shall be calculatedmeans of egress components other than stairways shall be calculated by multiplying the occupant load served by such component by a means of egress capacity factor of 0.2 inch (5.1 mm) per occupant.

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Exceptions: 1. For other than Group H and I‐2 occupancies, the capacity, in inches

(mm), of means of egress components other than stairways shall ate

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be calculated by multiplying the occupant load served by such component by a means of egress capacity factor of 0.15 inch (3.8 mm) per occupant in buildings equipped throughout with an of

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automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.O

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Exit Width

…continued

2 For Group H 1 H 2 H 3 and H 4 occupancies the total width of2. For Group H‐1, H‐2, H‐3 and H‐4 occupancies the total width of means of egress in inches (mm) shall not be less than the total occupant load served by the means of egress multiplied by 0.4 inches (5.08 mm) per occupant.ar

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inches (5.08 mm) per occupant.

3. Means of egress complying with Section 1028.

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Website Link to PDF:http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/codedevelopment/pdf/I-

3%20Occupancy/I-3_Final_Report.pdf

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