Foothill High School Science DepartmentFoothill High School Science Department

Frontiers of BiotechnologyFrontiers of Biotechnology

DNA FingerprintingDNA Fingerprinting

Foothill High School Science DepartmentFoothill High School Science Department

DNA FingerprintingDNA Fingerprinting

Foothill High School Science DepartmentFoothill High School Science Department

DNA Fingerprint as Restriction MapDNA Fingerprint as Restriction Map

• DNA FingerprintsDNA Fingerprints– Are unique for each individual Are unique for each individual (except for (except for

identical twins)identical twins)

– Use Use noncoding regions noncoding regions of the DNAof the DNA• Focuses on Focuses on repeating DNA sequencesrepeating DNA sequences, NOT , NOT

specific A,T,C,G nucleotide matchesspecific A,T,C,G nucleotide matches• Uses Restriction Enzymes designed to cut out Uses Restriction Enzymes designed to cut out

specific repeating DNA sequencesspecific repeating DNA sequences

Foothill High School Science DepartmentFoothill High School Science Department

Repeating DNA SequencesRepeating DNA Sequences

Foothill High School Science DepartmentFoothill High School Science Department

DNA Fingerprints & ProbabilityDNA Fingerprints & Probability

• Based on DNA repeating subunits at Based on DNA repeating subunits at multiple locations in the genomemultiple locations in the genome– The more locations tested, the more The more locations tested, the more

accurate the matchaccurate the match• For legal purposes, comparison of a minimum For legal purposes, comparison of a minimum

of five (5) locations/regions requiredof five (5) locations/regions required

Foothill High School Science DepartmentFoothill High School Science Department

Uses of DNA FingerprintsUses of DNA Fingerprints

• Legal IdentificationsLegal Identifications– PCRPCR magnifies very small samples magnifies very small samples– Convict the guiltyConvict the guilty– Free the innocentFree the innocent

• Innocence Project has freed >170 wrongfully Innocence Project has freed >170 wrongfully convicted peopleconvicted people

• Family RelationshipsFamily Relationships– PaternityPaternity– KinshipKinship

• BiodiversityBiodiversity• Bioengineered organismsBioengineered organisms