FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering Section 13-3 Cell...
Transcript of FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering Section 13-3 Cell...
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Chapter 13Genetic Engineering
Section 13-3Section 13-3Cell TransformationCell Transformation
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Cell Transformation
Key ConceptKey Concept::
During TransformationDuring Transformation
1.1. A Cell Takes In DNA From Outside A Cell Takes In DNA From Outside The Cell.The Cell.
2.2. This External DNA Becomes Part Of This External DNA Becomes Part Of The Cell’s DNA.The Cell’s DNA.
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Bacteria
• PlasmidsPlasmids–Found In BacteriaFound In Bacteria• Small Circular Pieces Of DNASmall Circular Pieces Of DNA
• Has DNA Sequence That Functions Has DNA Sequence That Functions As Origin For ReplicationAs Origin For Replication–This ensure that once in the bacteria, This ensure that once in the bacteria,
it will be replicatedit will be replicated
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Bacteria
• PlasmidsPlasmids (cont.) (cont.)–Contains A Contains A Genetic MarkerGenetic Marker• A Gene That Labels The Bacteria As A A Gene That Labels The Bacteria As A
Plasmid CarrierPlasmid Carrier–For Example: Resistance To For Example: Resistance To
AntibioticsAntibiotics»Allows Transformed Cells To Be Allows Transformed Cells To Be
IdentifiedIdentified
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Bacteria
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Plant Cells
• Transform Bacteria With Plant Tumor Transform Bacteria With Plant Tumor Plasmid (Plasmid (Agrobacterium tumefaciensAgrobacterium tumefaciens))– Scientists Inactivate Plant Tumor GeneScientists Inactivate Plant Tumor Gene– Insert Foreign DNAInsert Foreign DNA– Recombinant Plasmid Then Transforms Recombinant Plasmid Then Transforms
Plant CellsPlant Cells
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Plant Cells
• Cultured Plant Cells With Cell Walls Cultured Plant Cells With Cell Walls Removed Will Sometimes Absorb DNARemoved Will Sometimes Absorb DNA
• DNA May Be Injected Directly Into Plant DNA May Be Injected Directly Into Plant Cells (Cells (Gene GunGene Gun))
• Cells Then Grown Into Adult PlantsCells Then Grown Into Adult Plants
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Plant Cells
Key ConceptKey Concept::If Transformation Is Successful, The If Transformation Is Successful, The Recombinant DNA Is Integrated Into Recombinant DNA Is Integrated Into One Of The Chromosomes Of The One Of The Chromosomes Of The CellCell
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Plant Cells
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Animal Cells
Egg Cells Large EnoughEgg Cells Large Enough::–DNA Injected Into NucleusDNA Injected Into Nucleus• Enzymes Normally Responsible For Enzymes Normally Responsible For
DNA Repair & Recombination May Insert DNA Repair & Recombination May Insert DNA Into ChromosomesDNA Into Chromosomes
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Transforming Animal Cells
• Recombinant DNA Contains Markers Recombinant DNA Contains Markers Allowing Transformed Cells To Be Allowing Transformed Cells To Be IdentifiedIdentified
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Transforming Animal Cells
Scientists Can Knock Out Single GenesScientists Can Knock Out Single Genes
– Flanking Sequences In New DNA Can Flanking Sequences In New DNA Can Remove A Host Cell Gene or Replace Remove A Host Cell Gene or Replace It With A New GeneIt With A New Gene
FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
Knocking Out Genes