FOOD SECURITY SITUATION

MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIA DEPARTMENT FOR STATISTICS

GEORGIA

FOOD SECURITY SITUATION

TRENDS IN FIGURES

STATISTICAL BULLETIN Issue No. 20

September 2005 This publication was prepared by the State Department for Statistics of Georgia with financial support from the Food Security Programme of the European Commission and technical support from the Food and Agricultural Organization of the U.N. The presentation of the material, designations employed, findings and interpretations do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Commission or Food and Agricultural Organization of the U.N.

Map of Georgia with Regions

Tbilisi Municipality

Abkhazia AR

Ajara AR

Guria Region

Imereti Region

Kakheti Region

Mtskheta-Mtianeti Region

Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti Region

Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti Region

Samtskhe-Javakheti Region

Kvemo Kartli Region

Shida Kartli Region

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword………………………………………………….……………………………………… 5

Abbreviations………………………………………………….………………………………… 6

Glossary………………………………………………….……………………………………….. 7

Main Points of the Issue................................................................................................................. 9

Section 1. Socio-Economic Situation in Georgia..............................................................……... 10

Section 2. Food Availability.......................................................................................................... 12

Section 3. Access to Food…........................................................................................................... 15

Section 4. Food Utilization............................................................................................................. 17

Annex 1. Statistical Tables............................................................................................................ 19

Table A1. Average Food Prices in Georgia and 5 Cities (2000-2005)........................................ 19 Table A2. Percentage of Households with Consumption Expenditure below the Official and Revised Poverty Lines (2000-2005)....…………………................................................................ 20

Table A3. Median Consumption Expenditure (2000-2005)......................................................... 22

Table A4. Median Food Expenditure (2000-2005).......................……………….……………… 24

Table A5. Percentage of Food Expenditure in Consumption Expenditure (2000-2005)….......... 26 Table A6. Percentage of Self-Consumed Agricultural Production in Total Food Expenditure (2000-2005)...................................................................................................................................... 28

Table A7. Median "Calorie Intake" (2000-2005)............................................................................ 30

Table A8. Sown Areas of Staple Crops (2000-2005)..........................…………………………… 32

Table A9. Livestock Numbers as of July1 (2000-2005)............................................................... 33

Table A10. Animal Production (2000-2005)................................................................................ 34

5

FOREWORD

The presented publication is the twentieth issue of the quarterly bulletin of Food Security Observatory of State Department for Statistics of Georgia.

The present issue consists of the main body and an annex. Most of the statistical tables are given in the annex, while in the main body, based on those data, several aspects of population’s food security are analysed. Section 1 deals with country’s socio-economic situation, Section 2 with food availability, Section 3 with access to food, while section 4 with food utilization.

The tables in the annex contain manifold statistical information which will be useful for a user interested in food security problems. Such indicators are presented as median monthly per capita consumption and food expenditures, average share of food expenditure in consumption expenditure, average share of self-consumed agricultural production in total food expenditure, percentage of households below the official and revised poverty lines, median per capita calorie intake. Information is presented in various contexts for both the total population and those below the official and revised poverty lines (by region, rural/urban, highlands/lowlands, children number, main income source etc.). Also staple food prices in Georgia and five big cities are presented as well as data on sown areas for the harvest of 2005, livestock numbers and animal production.

Mr. Ednar Mikanadze, Head of Agricultural Production and Services Division of MoA, took the active part in preparing Section 2 of the issue.

The working team hopes that the readers will actively comment the issue. The comments and suggestions are much welcome and should be forwarded to Mr. George Kvinikadze, FSO Coordinator, to the address:

Food Security Observatory 4, K.Gamsakhurdia Avenue, Tbilisi 380015, Georgia Tel: (995 32) 33 10 11, (995 32) 33 59 83 Fax: (995 32) 33 10 11, (995 32) 33 22 97 E-mail: [email protected] The present issue of the bulletin, as well as the previous ones, are available in

the Internet at the web-site http: // www.statistics.ge. We hope that our joint efforts will substantially contribute to ensuring food

security of the population of Georgia. FSO Coordinator

6

ABBREVIATIONS AR Autonomous Republic CPI Consumer Price Index DS Department for Statistics FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FSO Food Security Observatory FPI Food Price Index GDP Gross Domestic Product HH Household ILO International Labour Organization MoA Ministry of Agriculture of Georgia MoED Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia WFP World Food Programme

7

GLOSSARY Adult equivalence: is used to convert each household into a number of equivalent adults, using a caloric scale which takes into account the age, sex and physical activity of each member of the household. “Calorie intake”: (per capita) is calculated by converting the food consumption of surveyed households (Household Survey) into calories. The number of household members then divides the total calorie intake of each household. Due to lack of the relevant data, the bulletin is using food inflows into a household (purchases, food transfers, auto-consumption, from stocks) converted into calories as a proxy for the actual calorie intake. This emphasized by putting the term “calorie intake” in quotation marks. Consumption expenditure: is considered as a better indicator of households’ welfare than income, for which data are often highly unreliable, or total expenditure (which includes investment expenditure) which is more difficult to interpret in terms of welfare. Consumption expenditure includes all expenditures intended for final consumption. It excludes investment expenditure (e.g. expenditures for tools or other inputs such as fertiliser, water and seed in agricultural production). Consumption expenditure includes, in addition to monetary spending, imputed values of self-consumed agricultural production and consumption of food from stocks. Employed: A person who worked at least one hour during the seven days preceding the interview for an income (salary, in kind payment, etc.), helped members of other households without remuneration or formally had the status of employed though possibly did not actually work due to illness, vacation or other valid reasons. Extended household: Large household including more than one couple and their children (e.g. household with several couples or other relatives such as grandparents, uncles and aunts). Highlands/Lowlands: Highlands include southern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range and mountainous regions of Southern Georgia. Lowlands include Kolkheti Plain, Shida Kartli Plain, Kvemo Kartli Plain, Iori and Alazani Valleys. Household Survey: The household survey is conducted every quarter, starting mid-1996, with financial support from the World Bank and DFID. The survey provides detailed information from 3,350 households on property, economical status, income and expenditure. In 2000-2001, additional data were collected regarding access to education, health and actual food consumption. Median expenditure: Level of expenditures, which divides the population into two groups of equal size, on the basis of expenditure. By definition, 50% of the population spent less than this level in the given period and the other 50% spent more. Official Poverty Line: The cut-off line below which persons or households are considered to be poor according to their income or, in the case of Georgia, their consumption expenditure. It is based on the cost of the Official Minimal Food Basket (updated using current prices every quarter) to which a share is added for non-food expenditures (derived from actual consumption patterns). At present the proportion of food expenditures to non-food expenditures is 70:30. Pensioner: Man of over 65 years old or woman of over 60 years old entitled to pension benefits.

8

Poor: a person living in the household where monthly consumption expenditure per equivalent adult allowing for scale effect is below the official poverty line Quintile groups: Households are ranged on the basis of the level of their consumption expenditure, starting from the poorest, and then divided into five groups of equal size. The first quintile group is the poorest, the fifth one is the richest. Region: There are 12 regions in Georgia: Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Shida Kartli and Tbilisi in Eastern Georgia, and Adjara AR, Abkhazia AR, Guria, Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti, Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti in Western Georgia. Due to political problems, data on Shida Kartli do not contain information from Tskhinvali, Znauri and Java districts of former South Ossetia, also the data from Abkhazia AR are unavailable. In Annex Tables A2-A12, in order to increase the reliability of the data, Mtskheta-Mtianeti and Shida Kartli, also Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti have been combined into single units Revised Poverty Line: Since October 2000, State Department for Statistics of Georgia calculates two poverty lines: the official one and the revised one. The official poverty line is based on the food consumption pattern of the middle layers of the population in 1991-1992 and the minimum calorie intake level of 2500 kcal/day per equivalent adult. The revised poverty line is based on the food consumption pattern of 1998-1999 (which significantly differs from that of 1991-1992 and is close to the one shown in Annex Table A12) and minimum calorie intake level of 2200 kcal/day per equivalent adult. Besides, in revised poverty line the proportion of food to non-food expenditure is 65:35. The revised poverty line is not adopted officially. Rural areas: Areas where most inhabitants are involved in agricultural activity. About 48% of the population of Georgia live in rural areas. Self-employed: Person working in his/her own enterprise or own household during the reporting period for profit and income (in cash or in kind payment). Unemployed: Person who is more than 16 years old, who has not been working (even for one hour) in the seven days before the interview, is ready to work and has been looking for a job for the last past four weeks. This definition is called the ILO strict criteria. The ILO soft criteria considers a person as unemployed if he (she) has not been working (even for one hour) in the seven days before the interview and is ready to work, though is not looking for a job due to discouragement. Urban Areas: Areas where most inhabitants are involved in non-agricultural activity. Big cities involve those with more than 50 000 inhabitants; others are considered as small towns. Very poor: in the bulletin so is called a person living in the household where monthly consumption expenditure per equivalent adult allowing for scale effect is below the revised poverty line.

9

MAIN POINTS OF THE ISSUE

• Socio-economic situation: Real GDP is up by 8.2 percent in II quarter 2005 as compared with the corresponding period of the previous year. Agriculture has contributed most of all to this growth. Real value added created in agriculture increased by 7.4 percent as compared to the corresponding period of 2004. Despite price growth, real wages grow, mostly due to the increase in the budgetary sector.

• Food Availability: According to preliminary data, despite a decrease in the sown area wheat output has slightly increased and is just 4 percent below the last 9 years average. In 2005 considerable growth of maize, potato and vegetables production is expected (by 12, 7 and 7 percent, respectively). The harvest of citruses, fruit and grapes will be especially good, considerably exceeding not only that of the previous year but also the average of the last 9 years.

• Access to food: According to the data of II quarters of 2002-2005, nominal per capita income has an upward trend, while in real terms it has fallen in 2005. All poverty indicators point to increase of poverty in II quarter 2005.

• Food Prices: Price index of food and soft drinks is up by 10.6 percent in II quarter 2005 as compared with the same period of the previous year. It should be noted, however, that the price of bread has remained practically unchanged while the price of wheat flour has even decreased.

• Food Utilization: In II quarter 2005 the median “calorie intake” (food inflows into a household converted into calories as a proxy for the actual calorie intake) has increased. At the background of decreasing food expenditure, this is a result of a considerable rise of the general food price level combined with the stability of the bread price. Being engaged in agriculture is a sort of hedge against food insecurity (but not poverty in general).

• Most of statistical information is given in the annex at the end of the issue.

Food Security Situation Bulletin - DS under MoED, September 2005

Section 1. Socio-Economic Situation in Georgia

Table 1.1: Selected Macro-Economic Indicators II quarter

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 A. GDP (Source: DS under MoED, Macroeconomic Statistics Division) Total: (mln GEL), in current prices 1415.1 1687.9 1839.2 2109.4 2503.8 2876.8 of which: Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 295.5 342.4 379.0 453.0 474.7 453.8 Total: (mln GEL), in constant prices (1996) 1099.8 1234.4 1238.5 1385.3 1518.7 1643.3 of which: Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 297.9 325.4 326.2 367.5 370.4 397.7

Growth (index, II quarter of the previous year = 100) GDP 94.6 112.2 100.3 111.9 109.6 108.2 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 84.7 109.2 100.2 112.7 100.8 107.4 GDP per capita (GEL), current prices 303.7 365.1 400.7 462.6 551.9 636.0 GDP per capita (GEL), constant prices (1996) 236.0 267.0 269.8 303.8 334.8 363.3 Exchange rate (GEL/USD) 1.98 2.06 2.22 2.15 1.95 1.83 B. Employment (Source: DS under MoED, Labor Statistics Division and Household Survey) Unemployment rate (according to ILO soft criteria) 14.0 16.0 14.8 13.9 14.1 15.7 Average Wages (GEL/month) 81 81 97 128 156 201* Minimum Wages (GEL/month) 20 20 20 20 20 20 Minimum Pension Benefits (GEL/month) 14 14 14 14 14 28 C. Prices (Source: DS under MoED, Prices Statistics Division) CPI (1998 = 100) 122 130 139 143 150 164 FPI (Food, Beverages and Tobacco, 1998 = 100) 118 129 140 147 156 181 FPI (Food and Soft Drinks, 1998 = 100) 115 126 139 147 157 173 *)Preliminary estimate

Chart 1.1. Growth Indices of GDP and Value Added in Agriculture (1999=100)

70

90

110

130

150

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

II quarterGDP Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery

Chart 1.2. Share of Agriculture in GDP (%)

1516171819202122

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

II quarter


In II quarter 2005 the real GDP grew by 8.2 percent as compared with the corresponding period of the previous year. This growth indicator is quite high but lower than the analogous indicators of 2004 and 2003 (9.6 and 11.9 percent respectively) thus indicating to a certain slowing down of the GDP growth rate. In the growth of II quarter 2005, the most important role belongs to agriculture, followed by construction and financial intermediation.

Value added created in agriculture in II quarter 2005 has experienced a noticeable 7.4 percent growth as compared with the corresponding period of the previous year. Chart 1.1 shows the dynamics of GDP and value added in agriculture created in II quarters of the last few years. The lower growth rate of agriculture as compared with that of GDP has shown itself in the decrease of the agriculture share in GDP (see Chart 1.2).

In II quarter 2005 the CPI has grown by 9.4 percent as compared with the analogous period of the previous year. It did not practically changed, however, as compared with the previous quarter, the considerable price growth having taken place in IV quarter 2004 and I quarter 2005. The FPI (including beverages and tobacco) grew even strongly, by 15.7 percent. Such a big growth is at a significant extent due to a sharp increase of excise taxes on tobacco and strong drinks. The price index of food and soft drinks has increased less sharply but still considerably, by 10.6 percent. At the background of such a price growth, real wages of the population have an established increasing trend, and while earlier the growth exhibited a certain seasonal pattern, during the last year it is quite steady (see Chart 1.3), which presumably is a due to the consistent growth of salaries in the budgetary sector.

Chart 1.4 presents the dynamics of unemployment according to the ILO soft criteria. The chart clearly displays both the seasonal character of unemployment and the fact that after quite a long decreasing trend it began to rise in 2004 reflecting a considerable staff reduction in the budgetary sector.

Chart 1.3. Average Real Wage (GEL of 1998)

405060708090

100110120130

I II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Chart 1.4. Unemployment Rate According to ILO Soft Criteria (%)

121314151617181920

I II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II III

IVI II

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Food Security Situation Bulletin – DS under MoED, September 2005

Section 2. Food Availability 2.1. Forecasts for the Harvest 2005. By the end of September, the harvesting of the spicates (wheat, barley,

rye, oats) has completed while the harvesting of other crops still goes on. Table 2.1 presents the preliminary data on the harvest of wheat and barley in 2005 as well as forecasts for other staple crops. Chart 2.1 below shows the expected percentage changes in the harvest with respect to both 2004 and the average of the previous 9 years. The overall picture is clearly encouraging: save for wheat and sunflower, the expected harvests of all staple crops are above the average. The citruses should be especially noted in this respect: their expected high harvest is unprecedented in the post-soviet period. It should be also noted that despite a 6 percent fall in the sown area (see Annex Table A8), the harvest of wheat has not decreased. As to the expected decrease of sunflower seeds production, it is caused by unfavorable, droughty weather.

2.2. Animal Production. Detailed data on livestock numbers as of 1 July as well as on animal

production in II quarter 2005 can be found in Annex Tables A9 and A10. Table 2.2 below presents the forecasts for main animal products, while Chart 2.2 illustrates the expected percentage changes in the production with respect to both 2004 and the average of the previous 9 years. Here too, the forecasts are mostly optimistic – considerable excess above the average is expected in the production of poultry meat, milk and eggs as well as mutton and goat’s meet. The expected production of beef is within the average, while pork production forecast indicates to a considerable fall. This reflects the decreasing trend of pigs’ number that has shown itself during the last few years (see Annex Table A9 and previous issues of the bulletin) and is connected with increased costs of raising this animal.

Table 2.1. Harvest Forecasts of Staple Crops for 2005 (thousand tons)

(Source: DS under MoED, Division for Agricultural and Ecology Statistics; MoA)

Crop Forecast for 2005 2004 Average of

1996-2004

Wheat* 189 186 197 Barley* 60 61 49 Maize 460 411 429 Haricot beans 16 17 12 Potato 450 420 380 Vegetables 430 401 414 Sunflower seeds 20 22 24 Fruit and berries (including nuts) 230 160 253 Citruses 100 38 57 Grape 250 180 212 *)Preliminary data


Chart 2.1. Expected Harvests in Georgia in 2005: Percentage Change

-3.0%

161.8%

-15.1%

38.9%

43.6%

5.3%

-10.3%

7.3%

-2.1%

12.0%

1.7%

7.4%

21.9%

17.9%

74.6%

-9.1%

4.0%

18.6%

22.6%

31.6%

7.3%

-4.3%

-40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140% 160%

Wheat

Barley

Maize

Haricot beans

Potato

Vegetables

Sunflower seeds

Fodder crops

Fruit and berries

Citruses

Grape

With respect to 2004 With respect to the average of 1996-2004

Chart 2.2. Expected Animal Production in Georgia in 2005: Percentage Change

0.9%

-4.0%

4.3%

-1.2%

1.6%

4.6%

24.2%

25.6%

17.1%

-15.9%

26.9%

-0.5%

-20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Beef

Pork

Mutton and Goat’s Meet

Poultry meat

Milk

Eggs (million pieces)

With respect to 2004 With respect to the average of 1996-2004

Table 2.2. Animal Production Forecasts for 2004

(Source:SDS, Division for Agricultural and Ecology Statistics)

Animal Product Forecast for

2005 (Thousand

tons)

2004 Average of 1996-2004

Beef 49 50 49 Pork 33 35 40 Mutton and Goat’s Meat 10 9 8 Poultry Meat 16 15 13 Milk 788 780 672 Eggs (million pieces) 505 497 402


2.3. Humanitarian Food Aid. International Community has been providing

humanitarian food aid to Georgia since 1993. In 1993-2003 the bulk of the aid fell on the aid to the Government of Georgia for budgetary support (the so called Programme Aid) which mainly consisted of the wheat gifted by the US Government and on average amounted to 187 thousand tons per annum. In 2005 it is not envisaged to provide Programme Aid to Georgia. The remaining part of the humanitarian food aid, the so called Project Aid, is the food distributed directly to beneficiaries, and it still goes on in 2005. Table 2.3 presents the Project Aid to the population of Georgia, both provided as of July 1 and expected before the end of the year, while Chart 2.3 shows the structure of that aid by food categories.

Chart 2.4 shows the dynamics of the Project Food Aid provided to Georgia during the last 9 years. But for the peak of 2001 (the year after drought), the slowly decreasing trend of the aid is clearly visible.

Table 2.3. Project Food Aid to the Population of Georgia, provided and expected in 2005 (thousand

tons) (Source :WFP)

Food category Aid provided as of 1 July

Aid expected before the end

of the year

Total expected aid

in 2005

Cereals 5.37 5.90 11.27 Meat and fish 0.00 0.00 0.00 Milk and milk products 0.04 0.00 0.04 Oils and fats 0.16 0.43 0.59 Pulses 0.23 0.05 0.28 Miscellaneous 0.75 0.00 0.75 Total 6.56 6.37 12.93

Chart 2.3. Structure of Provided and Expected Project Food Aid to Georgia in 2005, by Food Groups

Cereals 87.1%

Miscellaneous5.8% Pulses

2.2%

Oils and fats4.6%

Milk and milk products

0.3%

Meat and Fish0.0%

Chart 2.4. Project Food Aid to Population of Georgia in 1997-2005, thousand tons (Source:

WFP)

20 131921

73

27

1931

32

0

20

40

60

80

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005**) Forecast

Food Security Situation Bulletin –DS under MoED, September 2005

Section3. Access to Food

3.1. Income and Expenditure Tables 3.1 and 3.2 present per capita monthly income

and expenditure, both nominal and real, of the population of Georgia as well as income and expenditure structure. In 2002 considerable changes have been done in the design of the Household Survey, the information source of the table, causing a break in the data. Therefore we give the data only since 2002.

The II quarter data show that the nominal income has an increasing trend while in real terms it fell down in 2005. In 2005 the share of income derived from employment has considerably increased, mostly at the expense of the share of the non-cash income. The role of property income is traditionally insignificant. Property disposal, borrowing and dissaving have quite a considerable share in the total inflows into households, although this component has decreased from 16 to 12 percent in 2005.

The trends of average per capita consumption expenditure are analogous to those of income: the expenditure increases in nominal terms while in real terms it has fallen in 2005. In II quarter 2005 a certain decrease of the share of food expenditure has presented itself, which may be connected with relative stability of price of bread, one of the main components of population’s diet (see Subsection 3.2 below). The share of self-consumed agricultural production in total food expenditure has also decreased (see Annex Table A6).

In II quarter 2004 both median consumption and median food expenditure have decreased (see Annex Tables

A3 and A4) confirming the analogous tendency revealed in I quarter and pointing to poverty increase (see Subsection 3.3 below).

Table 3.1. Average Monthly per Capita Income and Other Inflows (Property Disposal, Borrowing or Dissaving) in Georgia (Source: DS

under MoED, Household Survey) II quarter 2002 2003 2004 2005

Income and other inflows in current prices (GEL) 67 77 79 83 Of which: income 56 65 67 73 Other inflows 11 12 12 10 Income and other inflows in constant 1998 prices (GEL) 52 55 55 51 Of which: income 43 47 47 45 Other inflows 8 9 9 6 Income structure (%) 100 100 100 100

From employment 41 38 40 47 From selling agricultural production 12 12 12 9 Transfers 16 21 19 22 Property income 0 1 1 1 Non-cash income 31 29 28 21

Table 3.2. Average monthly per capita consumption expenditure in Georgia (Source: DS under MoED, Household Survey)

II quarter 2002 2003 2004 2005 Expenditure in current prices (GEL) 71 74 81 84 Expenditure in constant 1998 prices (GEL) 55 53 57 51 Consumption expenditure structure (%) 100 100 100 100 Food 61 63 66 59 Nonfood 10 9 7 8 Healthcare 6 5 5 6 Other services 23 23 23 26


Section 4. Food Utilization

The bulletin uses food inflows into a household (purchases, food transfers,

auto-consumption, food from stocks) converted into calories as a proxy for the actual calorie intake. We emphasize this by putting the term “calorie intake” in quotation marks. Detailed data on median “calorie intake” of various population groups are given in Annex Table A7. Table 4.1 in the text shows just a part of them. As it was observed in the Issue No. 7 of the Bulletin, only for middle layers of the population does this indicator show the real calorie intake. It overestimates the real intake for the rich and underestimates it for the poor. Therefore the data in the table enable one to make conclusions only about trends and changes while the absolute figures are not much reliable.

In II quarter 2005 median per capita “calorie intake”, as compared with the same period of the previous year, has increased both in rural and urban areas. Such a conclusion is valid for the whole population, the poor and the very poor. At the background of decrease of real food expenditure this can be explained by practically no change of the price of bread, an important component of the diet of all layers of the population of Georgia (see Issue No. 18 of the bulletin, Annex Table A12).

Charts 4.1-4.4 below represent the food security situation of various layers of the population in II quarter 2005. As an indicator, median “calorie intake” is taken. As the charts show, the presence of a child in a household, as well as unemployment of the household head, considerably increases the risk of food insecurity. On the other hand, being engaged in agriculture is a certain hedge against food insecurity.

Table 4.1. Median “Calorie Intake” (kcal/day/capita)

(Source: SDS under MoED, Household Survey) The whole population

II quarter 2002 2003 2004 2005 Urban 2210 2550 2460 2560 Rural 2490 2960 3210 3350 Georgia 2310 2690 2710 2830

Those below the official poverty line (the poor) II quarter

2002 2003 2004 2005 Urban 1900 2030 2030 2160 Rural 1800 2060 2060 2430 Georgia 1870 2050 2040 2280

Those below the revised poverty line (the very poor) II quarter

2002 2003 2004 2005 Urban 1530 1660 1710 1780 Rural 1270 1450 1570 1630 Georgia 1430 1540 1620 1720


Chart 4.1. Median "Calorie Intake" by Household's Main Income Source (kcal/capita/day)

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Chart 4.3. Median "Calorie Intake" by Household Type (kcal/capita/day)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Ext

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Chart 4.4. Median"Calore Intake" by Children Number (kcal/capita/day)

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Three ormore children

One child Two children Georgia Childless

Chart 4.2. Median "Calorie Intake" by Employment Status of the Household Head (kcal/capita/day)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Bread 70 70 70 71 94 95 81 81 81 81 98 97Potatoes 42 53 76 66 52 57 44 51 78 66 59 68Haricot Beans 149 181 189 170 152 179 140 156 160 160 160 193Wheat flour 80 76 76 77 106 100 116 88 88 91 111 113Maize flour 66 75 84 71 77 85 74 74 83 78 88 102Beef 382 407 439 514 529 607 390 440 450 520 556 642Pork 361 426 470 514 517 644 340 440 507 567 547 689Chicken 446 466 481 475 490 468 430 430 462 470 474 494Sunflower oil 205 180 257 241 239 239 226 226 251 244 257 258Cheese 282 285 289 309 365 355 323 307 323 336 407 391Milk 93 97 102 103 110 110 112 120 120 123 131 148Eggs (10 units) 133 138 144 156 168 188 137 131 150 145 172 190Cabbage 33 70 45 67 46 65 37 63 43 72 44 56Onion 49 58 59 68 101 57 66 63 59 67 91 74Sugar 75 91 98 94 94 95 81 98 102 96 101 104



Food Item

Food Item

Annex. Statistical TablesTable A1. Average Food Prices in Georgia and 5 Cities(GEL/kgX100, retail prices; Source: DS under MoED, Price Statistics Division )

II quarter

II quarter

II quarter

Food Item

GoriTelavi

Georgia Tbilisi

Kutaisi Batumi

II quarterII quarter

II quarter


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Official Poverty Line

(GEL/month/working age male, current prices) 115 117 127 133 134 151 75 75 81 83 85 93Region

Ajara AR 53 73 65 69 71 65 29 43 38 42 43 31Guria 66 47 62 49 53 63 35 22 30 29 25 33Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi 50 40 46 44 40 50 30 20 23 21 17 19Kakheti 57 56 73 73 63 73 34 28 43 40 37 41Kvemo Kartli 49 58 66 72 81 80 27 25 36 41 51 51Mtskheta-Mtianeti and Shida Kartli 49 55 68 59 62 67 25 28 43 34 36 36Samegrelo & Zemo SvaneTi 39 39 51 67 58 70 19 18 23 34 29 30Samtskhe-Javakheti 81 70 75 60 65 66 53 40 45 34 29 34Tbilisi 58 47 49 48 37 44 32 24 22 19 15 19Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Highlands/LowlandsHighlands 57 43 61 56 63 68 32 22 33 26 27 31Lowlands 53 52 57 57 53 59 30 26 30 30 28 29Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Urban/RuralBig cities 57 55 55 52 47 51 32 27 27 25 21 22Small towns 69 63 72 68 67 72 44 37 45 39 38 38Rural 47 44 57 59 57 64 25 22 29 31 31 33Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Quintile GroupsI quintile 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100II quintile 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 28 51 47 40 47III quintile 67 53 88 86 69 99 - - - - - -IV quintile - - - - - - - - - - - -V quintile - - - - - - - - - - - -Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Number of ChildrenChildless 49 48 56 56 54 59 27 25 30 30 28 29One child 54 51 60 57 53 60 29 24 28 27 27 30Two children 59 54 59 58 53 59 35 28 31 28 25 28Three or more children 70 64 62 70 63 68 42 36 35 39 41 36Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Main Source of Living Wages 58 53 56 53 48 53 31 25 25 25 24 24Self-employment outside agriculture 49 55 60 46 52 55 25 27 29 25 26 24Income from agriculture 41 40 58 55 51 57 20 16 33 23 24 23Transfers (state and private) 69 62 60 67 65 74 46 40 32 46 39 45Assets disposal, borrowing or property income 66 53 50 59 57 52 42 30 27 38 31 29Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Revised poverty line

Table A2. Percentage of Households with Consumption Expenditure below the Official and Revised Poverty Lines

(Source: SDS, Household Survey)

Characteristics II quarter II quarterOfficial poverty line


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Official Poverty Line

(GEL/month/working age male, current prices) 115 117 127 133 134 151 75 75 81 83 85 93

Employment Status of Household HeadInactive or unemployed 68 64 64 67 60 66 43 36 37 38 33 34Self-employed in agriculture 43 43 55 56 56 62 22 20 26 27 28 31Employed in public administration 56 45 50 47 40 49 29 24 22 23 19 24Employed in private sector or state-owned enterprises 53 42 49 45 42 46 27 15 21 18 17 20Self-employed outside agriculture 45 49 50 53 53 57 24 24 22 24 31 27Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29Land Cultivation and Livestock Owning

in Rural Area *Less than 0.5 ha and 0-1.5 cows 66 56 61 73 71 74 39 34 34 46 47 46Less than 0.5 ha and more than 1.5 cows 25 39 46 61 63 74 16 12 16 27 42 440.5-1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 43 38 62 53 52 59 21 17 31 25 26 270.5-1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 27 35 42 46 37 54 13 11 18 13 13 20More than 1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 52 48 69 57 50 65 29 22 45 33 26 34More than 1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 28 35 41 51 47 56 10 13 21 23 17 15Rural 47 44 57 59 57 64 25 22 29 31 31 33

Dependency Ratio (Number of Household Members per Employed Household Member) in Urban Area

[1, 1.5) 50 42 52 44 34 44 26 16 29 20 15 21[1.5, 2) 64 44 39 40 42 46 34 18 18 17 18 16[2, 2.5) 51 46 54 52 40 39 26 21 22 19 15 17[2.5, 3) 59 52 60 49 39 53 14 27 30 13 11 183 and more 57 60 57 54 50 55 36 29 26 26 24 23No one employed 76 70 71 72 73 73 53 46 48 47 41 41Urban 60 56 59 56 51 55 35 29 31 28 25 26

Household TypeCouple without children 37 47 48 46 48 48 21 17 30 20 25 25Couple with children 55 51 53 54 50 57 31 27 26 26 26 26Extended household with no children 47 46 51 54 52 55 23 21 25 25 25 24Extended household with children 59 54 62 60 55 61 33 27 31 30 28 31Single adult or pensioner with children 60 66 58 79 58 71 47 31 29 42 38 30Single adult 56 45 51 61 46 60 35 24 35 40 23 32Single pensioner 54 53 68 58 61 67 34 32 42 36 36 38Single adult and pensioner 53 47 58 65 53 68 30 29 27 38 26 30Georgia 53 51 58 57 54 60 30 26 30 29 28 29

Table A2 (continued). Percentage of Households with Consumption Expenditure below the Official and Revised Poverty Lines

Official poverty lineCharacteristics

The table reflects the shares of those households in all the households of the corresponding category, whoseconsumption expenditures per equivalent adult (with economies of scale taken into account) is less than the officialand revised poverty lines for a working age male. For the methods of calculation of the official and revised povertylines, as well as for the notions of equivalent adult and economies of scale, the reader is referred to the Issue No. 3 ofthe bulletin.

Revised poverty lineII quarter II quarter

* In calculation of the livestock number, 5 sheep (as well as 5 goats) are considered to be equivalent to 1 cow. This accounts fornon-integer numbers of cows.


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Region

Ajara AR 51 33 38 40 35 43 30 27 28 28 28 32 24 20 21 22 20 22Guria 42 50 40 51 55 46 31 31 29 31 35 34 23 22 17 23 25 25Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi 51 57 48 58 67 55 32 32 30 34 39 37 24 23 21 23 27 27Kakheti 50 49 35 37 46 41 32 34 28 30 31 34 22 26 21 22 25 23Kvemo Kartli 57 48 40 36 32 33 35 33 29 29 27 28 26 22 19 22 22 22Mtskheta-Mtianeti and Shida Kartli 55 46 36 46 45 42 30 30 26 30 30 33 20 21 20 21 22 21Samegrelo & Zemo SvaneTi 64 58 41 41 50 47 35 32 31 32 34 38 25 24 22 22 27 26Samtskhe-Javakheti 32 38 32 41 43 44 28 29 25 29 34 33 20 22 18 19 21 24Tbilisi 48 53 54 55 64 59 33 31 36 36 37 36 24 24 27 25 23 26Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Highlands/LowlandsHighlands 50 55 40 47 47 46 32 31 27 35 35 35 23 22 20 23 21 25Lowlands 52 49 44 46 52 48 32 32 30 31 32 34 24 23 22 22 23 24Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Urban/RuralBig cities 49 47 50 52 56 53 32 31 34 34 34 35 24 23 26 23 23 26Small towns 41 43 34 39 42 40 31 31 28 28 31 33 23 22 22 23 23 22Rural 56 54 41 44 50 46 32 32 28 31 32 34 22 22 19 21 23 23Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Quintile GroupsI quintile 19 20 17 18 20 20 19 20 17 18 20 20 19 20 17 18 20 20II quintile 34 34 30 32 34 34 34 34 30 32 34 34 32 30 27 29 30 30III quintile 50 48 42 45 50 46 47 44 42 44 47 46 - - - - - -IV quintile 71 67 59 63 70 63 - - - - - - - - - - - -V quintile 131 118 97 109 117 108 - - - - - - - - - - - -Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Number of ChildrenChildless 62 58 50 54 59 54 37 36 34 36 37 39 28 27 25 25 27 27One child 47 46 39 43 47 43 32 32 28 29 30 31 22 22 20 22 22 22Two children 38 40 35 39 45 41 27 27 25 29 29 30 20 19 18 19 21 21Three or more children 28 30 29 31 32 34 24 24 21 25 23 23 17 18 15 18 18 17Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Main Source of Living Wages 47 47 47 48 52 49 32 31 31 33 32 34 23 22 22 23 22 23Self-employment outside agriculture 51 45 45 52 48 50 30 30 33 30 30 34 23 23 24 25 22 22Income from agriculture 63 57 41 48 55 51 34 35 28 34 35 36 26 24 21 23 25 25Transfers (state and private) 43 45 43 40 47 41 31 31 31 28 32 33 24 24 22 21 24 24Assets disposal, borrowing or property income 41 44 49 43 46 50 31 29 28 26 29 35 21 18 22 20 22 26Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Employment Status of Household Head

Inactive or unemployed 41 42 41 40 46 43 31 30 29 30 31 33 23 22 21 21 22 23Self-employed in agriculture 61 55 42 48 54 49 32 33 29 32 34 36 23 23 20 22 25 24Employed in public administration 51 56 53 59 65 54 35 31 35 35 36 36 27 24 22 24 22 27Employed in private sector or state-owned enterprises 54 59 46 55 60 56 33 32 34 35 35 35 23 23 26 24 24 25Self-employed outside agriculture 55 50 49 50 48 46 32 32 34 33 30 34 24 28 25 24 23 25Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

Characteristics

Table A3. Median Consumption Expenditure(GEL/month/capita, in 1998 prices; Source: SDS, Household Survey )

Total population Those below the official poverty line

Those below the revised poverty line

II quarter II quarter II quarter


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Land Cultivation and Livestock

Owning in Rural Area *Less than 0.5 ha and 0-1.5 cows 42 47 39 36 38 38 30 29 28 28 29 31 22 21 21 21 22 21Less than 0.5 ha and more than 1.5 cows 67 57 45 43 38 34 29 32 31 31 27 30 24 21 18 21 22 220.5-1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 60 58 40 49 57 51 34 34 28 33 36 38 24 25 16 22 26 230.5-1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 80 58 47 53 64 52 32 34 28 36 38 38 22 18 20 22 24 27More than 1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 49 54 35 46 54 46 30 33 26 29 34 34 20 24 20 20 21 24More than 1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 67 60 48 46 52 50 34 33 25 34 35 37 24 24 18 22 25 25Rural 56 54 41 44 50 46 32 32 28 31 32 34 22 22 19 21 23 23

Dependency Ratio (Number of Household Members per

Employed Household Member) in Urban Area

[1, 1.5) 66 73 67 70 88 70 42 46 42 43 46 44 32 33 34 36 29 30[1.5, 2) 38 53 60 61 57 51 29 31 30 33 33 39 22 26 26 25 26 29[2, 2.5) 54 52 52 54 63 60 36 35 36 39 39 36 26 24 25 23 28 28[2.5, 3) 38 39 40 45 49 45 32 28 29 34 33 34 21 22 17 22 19 243 and more 43 40 45 46 47 44 28 30 30 30 29 33 22 21 22 22 21 21No one employed 38 41 40 39 45 44 32 31 31 30 35 36 26 25 25 23 25 27Urban 47 46 46 49 53 50 32 31 32 33 33 35 24 23 24 23 23 25

Household TypeCouple without children 85 72 62 68 71 73 41 47 34 44 43 40 28 31 22 26 33 27Couple with children 48 48 47 47 52 49 31 30 30 31 33 34 21 24 22 22 23 22Extended household with no children 56 52 47 50 53 50 34 32 31 34 33 34 26 22 22 22 24 25Extended household with children 38 40 34 38 42 39 27 27 25 28 28 28 20 19 17 20 20 20Single adult or pensioner with children 51 41 49 40 53 49 31 39 32 30 30 39 28 34 18 17 25 31Single adult 80 92 82 66 93 75 53 52 43 47 56 55 41 44 37 38 34 37Single pensioner 67 67 50 58 64 56 40 42 37 39 44 45 32 31 27 26 31 32Single adult and pensioner 58 58 50 44 59 52 32 32 36 33 41 43 25 29 24 24 25 28Georgia 51 50 44 47 51 48 32 31 30 32 33 34 24 23 21 22 23 24

The quarterly data presented in the table are estimates of the medians of households' per capitaconsumption expenditures distributions based on quarterly observations of the sampled households.Consumption expenditures include, in addition to monetary spending, imputed values of self-consumedagricultural production (valued in current market prices with allowing for trade margins).


Table A3 (continued). Median Consumption Expenditure(GEL/month/capita, in 1998 prices)

II quarter

* In calculation of the livestock number, 5 sheep (as well as 5 goats) are considered to be equivalent to 1 cow. This accounts for non-integernumbers of cows.

Those below the official poverty lineTotal population

Characteristics II quarter II quarter


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Region






Main Source of Living Wages 30 27 29 26 28 24 21 18 21 18 18 17 16 15 14 13 15 13

Self-employment outside agriculture 29 27 25 29 25 23 20 21 20 20 17 18 15 17 15 17 13 12Income from agriculture 51 46 27 35 40 33 29 28 19 25 25 25 21 19 13 17 19 16Transfers (state and private) 27 28 27 24 26 23 21 21 19 17 20 19 17 16 14 13 15 14Assets disposal, borrowing or property income 27 29 28 25 25 25 20 19 20 17 17 17 14 13 15 13 14 15Georgia 36 33 27 29 32 27 23 22 19 20 21 20 17 16 14 14 16 14




II quarter

Table A4. Median Food Expenditure (GEL/month/capita, in 1998 prices)

Characteristics


(Source: SDS, Household Survey)

II quarter II quarter



Owning in Rural Area *Less than 0.5 ha and 0-1.5 cows 29 33 26 26 26 24 23 21 19 21 20 19 16 15 13 15 15 13Less than 0.5 ha and more than 1.5 cows 51 44 32 33 26 25 23 25 21 25 20 22 17 16 12 15 16 160.5-1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 51 47 28 34 41 34 28 27 20 23 26 24 19 20 11 15 18 14

0.5-1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 64 48 31 38 47 36 30 25 21 27 28 28 17 16 14 17 18 19More than 1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 41 44 23 32 40 29 25 24 18 19 24 23 17 20 13 13 15 16More than 1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 53 44 28 34 40 35 31 23 17 24 25 25 18 15 13 15 21 19Rural 45 42 28 32 36 31 25 24 19 22 23 23 17 17 13 15 17 15




Household TypeCouple without children 61 49 40 46 50 39 28 31 26 29 35 23 20 24 17 18 18 14Couple with children 31 32 25 27 30 27 19 21 19 19 20 20 15 17 13 14 15 13

Extended household with no children 39 35 28 31 33 26 25 22 20 20 21 20 18 16 14 14 17 15Extended household with children 27 27 22 24 25 22 19 18 16 18 18 16 14 14 11 13 14 12Single adult or pensioner with children 33 29 30 26 31 24 23 27 21 20 24 21 21 19 13 11 18 16Single adult 48 57 44 33 52 42 37 34 28 26 34 32 31 31 23 24 20 23Single pensioner 52 47 33 40 44 36 31 29 23 27 30 28 24 21 19 19 22 20Single adult and pensioner 40 37 33 29 37 29 26 25 23 24 26 24 19 24 15 16 18 16Georgia 36 33 27 29 32 27 23 22 19 20 21 20 17 16 14 14 16 14

Characteristics

Total population

The quarterly indicators in this table are obtained by the same principle as in the previous one, onlyinstead of per capita consumption expenditures per capita food expenditures are used. Foodexpenditures, as a part of the total consumption expenditures, include, in addition to monetaryspending, imputed values of self-consumed agricultural production (valued in current market priceswith allowing for trade margins).


Those below the official poverty line

Table A4 (continued). Median Food Expenditures (GEL/month/capita, in 1998 prices)




2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Region

Ajara AR 56 60 59 62 61 56 65 70 67 68 70 66 68 74 65 67 71 64Guria 79 78 77 68 77 72 80 77 75 77 81 73 78 79 77 72 76 71

Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi 70 77 71 74 74 66 73 73 69 73 77 73 74 74 65 71 75 72Kakheti 65 79 64 69 75 67 78 79 70 74 75 73 77 79 69 72 74 73Kvemo Kartli 67 68 64 67 69 67 70 70 70 72 72 73 73 71 69 73 75 73Mtskheta-Mtianeti and Shida Kartli 79 70 61 67 70 66 69 72 65 70 73 69 68 69 65 65 73 68Samegrelo & Zemo SvaneTi 77 76 69 68 71 70 74 78 70 75 74 71 70 77 74 76 80 73Samtskhe-Javakheti 72 69 68 70 75 71 76 75 72 75 76 74 72 76 71 71 79 74Tbilisi 56 53 50 49 52 45 66 63 61 58 61 59 68 65 61 62 65 62Georgia 67 68 61 63 66 59 71 71 67 69 72 69 72 72 66 69 73 70





Main Source of Living Wages 57 56 61 54 56 50 65 64 66 60 64 61 67 68 66 62 68 63

Self-employment outside agriculture 55 60 56 53 50 46 63 67 63 65 59 61 66 69 65 64 62 62Income from agriculture 81 80 65 75 76 72 81 80 68 78 79 77 80 81 66 78 80 77Transfers (state and private) 52 61 58 57 59 58 68 69 66 63 67 67 70 70 67 66 70 68Assets disposal, borrowing or property income 57 59 59 51 53 43 68 71 67 66 67 61 69 69 67 67 73 68Georgia 67 68 61 63 66 59 71 71 67 69 72 69 72 72 66 69 73 70


Inactive or unemployed 61 63 56 61 60 55 69 68 64 67 69 66 72 70 65 68 72 67Self-employed in agriculture 79 80 74 75 78 73 79 79 74 77 80 76 77 78 71 75 80 76

Employed in public administration 55 62 59 59 63 54 65 67 66 64 70 66 65 68 66 68 71 70Employed in private sector or state-owned enterprises 57 56 50 52 57 48 67 69 61 60 64 61 68 73 60 60 66 63

Self-employed outside agriculture 57 59 51 55 58 56 66 66 61 65 64 64 70 67 67 64 66 65Georgia 67 68 61 63 66 59 71 71 67 69 72 69 72 72 66 69 73 70

Table A5. Percentage of Food Expenditures in Consumption Expenditures (current prices; Source: SDS, Household Survey )

Those below the revised poverty lineTotal population Those below the official poverty

line

Characteristics II quarter II quarter II quarter



Owning in Rural Area *Less than 0.5 ha and 0-1.5 cows 71 75 69 71 75 68 72 76 70 75 76 74 73 76 69 75 76 72Less than 0.5 ha and more than 76 77 72 78 76 78 73 76 76 79 78 80 76 78 73 75 80 820.5-1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 81 82 69 74 76 73 81 81 73 75 79 74 78 79 69 73 76 710.5-1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 76 83 71 77 77 76 85 79 74 78 79 78 82 86 76 74 83 76More than 1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 82 76 71 71 76 70 81 79 68 72 79 75 78 81 64 69 76 76More than 1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 81 75 75 74 77 71 83 75 74 77 81 79 75 67 71 75 86 80Rural 78 79 70 74 76 72 77 78 72 76 78 75 76 78 69 74 77 74Dependency Ratio (Number of

Household Members per Employed Household Member)

in Urban Area[1, 1.5) 51 57 59 52 59 45 69 68 65 65 67 62 70 64 68 64 67 66[1.5, 2) 60 51 54 52 59 53 63 67 62 59 66 63 67 67 67 53 75 63[2, 2.5) 51 55 54 55 53 50 64 66 62 61 65 62 67 70 66 70 71 61[2.5, 3) 61 58 41 56 59 47 67 63 62 58 64 54 60 70 58 47 80 593 and more 56 57 53 51 52 47 64 64 62 61 62 60 67 68 62 62 65 65No one employed 63 60 55 58 59 53 69 69 64 64 67 63 73 69 65 67 70 65Urban 55 57 54 54 56 49 66 66 63 62 65 61 69 68 64 64 69 64



Characteristics

Both food and consumption expenditures include self-consumed agricultural production valued inpurchasers prices revealed by the household survey (with allowing for trade margins). Quarterlyindicators are obtained as ratios of food expenditures to consumption expenditures incurred by allhouseholds in the corresponding category during the corresponding period of time .

Table A5 (continued). Percentage of Food Expenditures in Consumption Expenditures (current prices)


Those below the revised poverty lineTotal population


Those below the official poverty line


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Region









Table A6. Percentage of Self-Consumed Agricultural Production in Total Food Expenditures (current prices; Source: SDS, Household Survey )



II quarter II quarterCharacteristics II quarter



Owning in Rural Area *Less than 0.5 ha and 0-1.5 cows 50 52 55 53 55 47 44 47 51 51 53 46 45 48 46 46 51 50Less than 0.5 ha and more than 1.5 cows 62 60 64 55 59 63 48 57 70 53 68 64 44 56 64 58 71 730.5-1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 77 72 50 66 67 59 70 68 48 66 73 61 63 64 43 57 72 540.5-1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 82 71 59 70 71 67 73 73 59 68 73 76 71 80 67 66 79 77More than 1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 74 69 50 63 74 57 67 65 43 59 73 63 58 70 42 52 62 62More than 1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 62 72 59 64 63 68 60 69 72 64 68 69 60 73 64 55 80 68Rural 69 65 56 62 65 57 58 60 54 59 65 59 54 58 48 52 62 57






Self-consumed agricultural production is valued in the purchasers prices revealed by the householdsurvey (with allowing for trade margins). Quarterly data are obtained as ratios of self-consumedagricultural production to food expenditures of all households in the corresponding category during thecorresponding period of time .




Table A6 (continued). Percentage of Self-Consumed Agricultural production in Total Food Expenditures (current prices)

Characteristics



2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Region

Ajara AR 2320 1490 2130 2410 2120 2750 1570 1300 1660 1840 1720 2160 1190 1120 1270 1390 1120 1680Guria 2330 2560 3270 3700 3970 3570 1790 1690 2270 2340 2520 2990 1360 1500 1710 1750 1960 2160

Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi 2630 2910 2860 3800 3710 3870 1880 1610 1920 2340 2440 2910 1540 1350 1550 1800 1860 2080Kakheti 1910 2260 2150 2370 2740 2600 1350 1550 1800 1920 2040 2110 1000 1230 1280 1440 1400 1440Kvemo Kartli 2260 1860 1950 2200 1920 2020 1700 1600 1640 1780 1790 1800 1480 1330 1270 1490 1560 1530Mtskheta-Mtianeti and Shida Kartli 2220 1920 2130 2650 2470 2670 1530 1430 1770 1850 1880 2080 930 960 1460 1360 1520 1500Samegrelo & Zemo SvaneTi 2900 2480 2590 3110 3740 3820 1700 1840 2050 2550 2770 3070 1360 1530 1640 1880 2570 2240Samtskhe-Javakheti 1230 1290 1830 2390 2300 2140 1110 1080 1530 1730 1870 1650 930 960 1160 1430 1510 1110Tbilisi 1950 1960 2280 2560 2660 2610 1610 1530 2010 2050 2010 2170 1300 1400 1680 1700 1550 1830Georgia 2210 2090 2310 2690 2710 2830 1620 1530 1870 2050 2040 2280 1270 1290 1430 1540 1620 1720



Quintile GroupsI quintile 1120 1220 1250 1400 1490 1450 1120 1220 1250 1400 1490 1450 1120 1220 1250 1400 1490 1450II quintile 1770 1620 1980 2260 2150 2330 1770 1620 1980 2260 2150 2330 1660 1560 1850 2000 2030 2180III quintile 2190 2150 2470 2750 2840 2950 2090 2110 2410 2650 2760 2950 - - - - - -

IV quintile 2900 2640 2790 3340 3430 3820 - - - - - - - - - - - -

V quintile 4050 3860 3550 4700 4830 3870 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Georgia 2210 2090 2310 2690 2710 2830 1620 1530 1870 2050 2040 2280 1270 1290 1430 1540 1620 1720Number of Children

Childless 2740 2520 2770 3100 3250 3280 1920 1740 2180 2390 2410 2630 1650 1410 1780 1860 1890 2110One child 1960 1920 2020 2370 2360 2360 1500 1470 1560 1840 1870 1850 1220 1180 1240 1490 1480 1460Two children 1690 1650 1940 2310 2270 2440 1240 1330 1580 1670 1780 1910 1020 1120 1170 1270 1470 1450Three or more children 1480 1470 1600 1970 2000 2170 1070 1200 1160 1540 1380 1640 830 1110 880 1210 1100 1100Georgia 2210 2090 2310 2690 2710 2830 1620 1530 1870 2050 2040 2280 1270 1290 1430 1540 1620 1720




Total population

Table A7. Median "Calorie Intake" (kcal/day/capita) (Source: SDS under MoE, Household Survey)

Those below the official Those below the revised



2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Land Cultivation and Livestock Owning in

Rural Area *Less than 0.5 ha and 0-1.5 cows 2020 2070 2390 2620 2630 2810 1610 1320 1770 1990 2000 2200 1240 1050 1330 1470 1530 1420Less than 0.5 ha and more than 1.5 cows 2750 2170 2460 2580 2280 2400 1020 1310 1860 1740 1580 2070 1010 1200 1180 1330 1380 15600.5-1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 2730 2930 2470 3310 3910 4040 1560 1550 1950 2250 2560 2850 1220 1240 1170 1470 1940 18300.5-1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 3130 2890 3090 3430 4050 3860 1670 1490 1860 2420 2380 2830 950 980 1450 1790 1490 2120More than 1 ha and 0-1.5 cows 2100 2410 2520 2760 3080 3660 1540 1240 1790 1680 2000 2320 990 1000 1300 1390 1310 1640More than 1 ha and more than 1.5 cows 2910 2390 2340 3000 3420 3270 1920 1200 1760 2200 1900 2350 1500 830 1270 1510 1420 1870Rural 2520 2430 2490 2960 3210 3350 1570 1380 1800 2060 2060 2430 1200 1050 1270 1450 1570 1630

Dependency Ratio (Number of Household

Members per Employed Household Member) in

Urban Area[1, 1.5) 2790 2870 3060 3480 3740 3430 2210 1920 2860 2890 2450 2750 1830 1490 2520 2730 1760 2420[1.5, 2) 1930 1990 2440 2760 2730 2860 1290 1680 1770 2060 2010 2360 1190 1360 1750 1540 1920 1770[2, 2.5) 2070 2060 2430 2670 2680 2570 1600 1720 2020 2200 2120 2340 1360 1520 1570 1740 1970 2190[2.5, 3) 1750 1710 2070 2290 2290 2080 1690 1330 1660 1910 2000 1750 1230 1160 1200 1270 1580 17203 and more 1750 1690 1970 2250 2180 2250 1350 1510 1710 1820 1730 1860 1160 1360 1300 1500 1520 1500No one employed 2050 2090 2190 2500 2300 2920 1850 1630 1950 2070 2130 2390 1610 1390 1650 1690 1870 2010Urban 2000 1930 2210 2550 2460 2560 1640 1570 1900 2030 2030 2160 1330 1390 1530 1660 1710 1780

Household TypeCouple without children 3370 3100 3260 4210 4090 3080 1720 1950 2200 3190 3010 2320 1440 1120 1730 2450 2190 1800Couple with children 1890 2020 2090 2580 2430 2750 1410 1530 1900 1840 1900 2170 1160 1320 1340 1330 1580 1630Extended household with no children 2290 2190 2370 2670 2730 2760 1740 1550 1900 2090 2030 2190 1360 1230 1430 1620 1590 1750Extended household with children 1710 1650 1800 2200 2190 2280 1270 1330 1450 1730 1720 1780 1010 1060 1140 1350 1370 1350Single adult or pensioner with children 2230 2250 2320 2760 2790 2910 1780 1870 1930 1750 2300 2240 1570 1110 1820 1350 2190 2430Single adult 3340 3830 4120 3230 4240 4880 2880 2370 3350 2730 2980 3940 1870 1880 2750 2380 2120 3180Single pensioner 3550 2970 3410 4170 4310 4150 2410 2100 2690 2800 2970 3440 2140 1610 2030 2280 2410 2800Single adult and pensioner 2820 2570 2860 3060 3320 3390 1710 1740 2180 2590 2590 2700 1420 1740 1920 1880 1750 1900Georgia 2210 2090 2310 2690 2710 2830 1620 1530 1870 2050 2040 2280 1270 1290 1430 1540 1620 1720

In the table food inflows into a household (purchases, food transfers, auto-consumption, fromstocks) converted into calories are used as a proxy for the actual calorie intake. This is emphasizedby putting the term “calorie intake” in quotation marks.

For obtaining median monthly per capita "calorie intake" in a quarter, all households from a givencategory observed during the quarter are ordered according to their monthly per capita “calorieintake”, and monthly per capita “calorie intake” of the household in the midle of the range istaken.


* In calculation of the livestock number, 5 sheep (as well as 5 goats) are considered to be equivalent to 1 cow. This accounts for non-


Table A7 (continued). Median "Calorie Intake" (kcal/month/capita)



Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005*Ajara AR 7.3 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.5 _ _ _ _ _ _Guria 15.5 14.8 13.8 13.7 14.0 13.6 _ _ _ _ _ _Imereti 69.8 64.4 62.6 62.6 62.6 59.4 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.5Kakheti 94.7 99.3 115.2 89.8 87.7 92.4 52.4 59.3 75.1 55.7 49.4 48.3Kvemo Kartli 52.4 45.4 48.6 52.6 46.4 43.1 18.1 19.8 21.1 23.6 23.7 22.5Mtskheta-Mtianeti 14.4 15.9 18.1 17.8 16.0 14.7 5.1 4.3 5.4 4.8 4.0 3.7Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti 6.6 5.9 5.9 6.1 6.9 5.0 _ _ _ _ _ _Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti 53.0 54.1 52.1 50.7 49.9 51.6 _ _ _ _ _ _Samtskhe-Javakheti 25.2 27.1 25.7 24.7 25.6 26.3 4.2 6.6 5.5 5.7 6.8 6.2Shida Kartli 47.5 46.6 50.3 46.5 40.0 40.6 24.7 25.3 31.5 26.8 20.4 17.1Total 386.4 380.1 398.9 371.0 355.8 353.2 105.2 115.8 139.1 117.3 104.8 98.3

Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005*Ajara AR 7.1 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.5 6.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.1Guria 15.5 14.8 13.7 13.7 13.8 13.6 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0Imereti 68.8 63.4 61.5 61.4 57.4 58.5 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.5Kakheti 27.2 18.4 20.6 20.2 22.1 22.8 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.1 4.0 4.2Kvemo Kartli 19.2 17.5 18.9 16.9 12.7 9.6 14.3 11.9 11.6 10.6 10.7 9.7Mtskheta-Mtianeti 5.3 8.7 9.7 9.7 9.6 7.0 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.5Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti 6.6 5.8 5.8 6.1 4.6 4.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti 52.7 53.9 51.9 50.4 49.6 51.2 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8Samtskhe-Javakheti 3.9 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.5 9.8 11.5 11.6 12.7 13.2 15.5Shida Kartli 13.3 10.0 8.8 9.4 9.1 9.3 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.1Total 219.6 202.4 200.9 197.6 189.1 186.7 37.3 37.4 37.9 37.6 38.3 40.1

Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005*Ajara AR 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6Guria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7Imereti 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 4.7 0.3 6.8 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.7Kakheti 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.6 3.3 3.3 12.4 7.3 7.0 7.4 7.9 9.1Kvemo Kartli 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.6 11.5 11.8 11.3 11.5 10.3 12.2Mtskheta-Mtianeti 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.1 2.8 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.3Samtskhe-Javakheti 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.1 1.9Shida Kartli 4.6 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.7 4.3 7.5 7.6 6.8 7.5 9.0 8.1Total 11.4 10.0 10.9 10.6 17.5 13.5 46.1 40.9 38.9 40.4 41.0 43.0

*) Preliminary data

Maize Potato

Haricot beans Vegetables

Table A8. Sown Areas of Staple Crops (thousand ha)(Source: SDS, Division for Agricultural and Ecology Statistics)

Cereals, total Wheat


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Ajara AR 124.2 136.1 140.1 135.4 133.5 120.3 63.6 71.6 72.6 70.9 68.3 65.2Guria 53.5 59.4 64.7 59.4 59.6 56.6 33.7 36.0 37.1 34.4 31.7 30.7Imereti 259.4 297.3 287.0 282.1 281.2 270.1 123.2 147.7 143.3 146.4 144.4 139.5Kakheti 112.6 128.5 136.2 133.0 134.8 129.3 65.9 77.2 83.5 80.4 82.2 79.6Kvemo Kartli 136.5 164.1 159.6 158.9 162.0 172.4 81.7 92.8 96.4 98.7 112.9 107.9Mtskheta-Mtianeti 64.9 58.4 63.4 60.2 62.1 62.8 46.0 42.8 44.1 48.4 45.9 44.6Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti 44.5 45.8 49.4 45.8 42.3 40.1 23.4 24.4 26.2 24.5 21.5 21.2Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti 185.5 196.5 210.9 210.4 209.1 201.0 97.6 103.5 114.9 116.2 114.7 114.2Samtskhe-Javakheti 114.4 118.2 119.9 113.5 115.4 117.4 64.1 73.0 73.4 67.7 62.3 70.2Shida Kartli 85.9 88.2 98.5 95.4 96.9 90.5 48.3 50.5 55.6 55.4 54.6 50.9Total 1181.4 1292.5 1329.7 1294.1 1296.9 1260.5 647.5 719.5 747.1 743.0 738.5 724.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Ajara AR 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.7 15.7 22.7 24.8 20.5 18.4 10.7Guria 24.7 38.7 39.7 38.1 35.5 37.3 12.3 15.4 15.2 12.0 17.1 15.1Imereti 79.0 110.7 120.4 100.0 88.7 94.1 31.0 56.0 57.0 44.6 48.5 47.1Kakheti 82.0 82.1 92.0 93.8 108.8 86.8 225.8 224.5 277.6 265.7 300.2 315.1Kvemo Kartli 21.3 31.9 32.5 30.0 34.5 37.0 132.1 170.1 173.6 170.3 173.5 240.0Mtskheta-Mtianeti 28.4 23.7 26.2 26.7 26.7 27.5 58.3 64.4 72.8 72.0 74.7 73.0Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti 20.8 25.7 34.2 33.3 29.2 31.1 4.3 6.2 8.7 7.6 5.1 4.9Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti 132.1 130.8 142.6 141.9 147.8 140.3 17.7 22.7 28.2 25.2 25.9 24.6Samtskhe-Javakheti 13.1 15.6 15.8 10.8 12.8 16.0 140.0 139.7 142.1 125.0 131.3 135.2Shida Kartli 28.6 25.0 32.7 27.8 26.9 26.1 23.2 23.8 24.4 25.7 28.9 27.8Total 431.1 485.3 537.0 503.4 512.0 497.9 660.4 745.5 824.4 768.6 823.6 893.5

Table A9. Livestock Numbers as of July 1 (000)(Source: SDS, Division for Agricultural and Ecology Statistics)

Of which dairy cows

Pigs Sheep and GoatsRegion

Region Cattle


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Ajara AR 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6Guria 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.9Imereti 4.4 5.5 6.3 6.6 3.9 2.8Kakheti 3.0 3.9 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.0Kvemo Kartli 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.7 3.2 4.7Mtskheta-Mtianeti 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7Racha-Lechkhumi & Kvemo Svaneti 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6Samegrelo & Zemo Svaneti 2.6 2.2 2.6 3.5 3.6 4.6Samtskhe-Javakheti 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 2.3 1.9Shida Kartli 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2Total 16.8 17.2 19.0 20.8 20.7 22.0



Milk (000 tons)II quarter

II quarterRegion

Region

Eggs (000 000 pieces)

Table A10. Animal Production(Source; SSD, Division for Agricultural and Ecology Statistics)

Region II quarterMeat (in slaughtered weight, 000 tons)


Statistical Bulletin FOOD SECURITY

SITUATION

Trends in figures

Responsible for the edition George Kvinikadze

Following persons worked on the edition

From Department for Statistics under Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia George Kvinikadze

Nino Shubitidze Tamar Tatarashvili Revaz Tsakadze Lia Mdinaradze Nodar Kapanadze Mzia Kereselidze Lamara Lomidze Tamar Popiashvili

From Ministry of Food and Agriculture Ednar Mikanadze

Cover design Lasha Tsurtsumia

Desktop-Publishing Andro Bondarenko

Publisher “Print-Georgia” Ltd

Circulation 75 copies

Your notes and suggestions are highly appreciated Food Security Observatory, 4. K. Gamsakhurdia Avenue, Tbilisi 0115, Georgia

Phone: (995 32) 33 10 11 (995 32) 33 70 26 (995 32)33 70 26 E-mail:

[email protected]

Department for Statistics under Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia, 2005

FOOD SECURITY SITUATION

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