Food security – lab to land.pptx

7/28/2019 Food security lab to land.pptx

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HARD FACTS OF TODAYS WORLD


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What is Hunger

On average, the body needs more than 2,100 kilocalories per dayper person to allow a normal, healthy life

For weeks, even months, its victims must live on significantly lessthan the recommended 2,100 kilocalories that the average personneeds to lead a healthy life.

The body compensates for the lack of energy by slowing down itsphysical and mental activities. A hungry mind cannot concentrate, ahungry body does not take initiative, a hungry child loses all desireto play and study.

Hunger also weakens the immune system. Deprived of the rightnutrition, hungry children are especially vulnerable and become tooweak to fight off disease and may die from common infections likemeasles and diarrhoea.

By 2001-2003, the total number of undernourished peopleworldwide had risen to 854 million and the latest figure is 925million


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Why does Hunger Exist? Nature

Natural disasters such as floods, tropical storms and long periods ofdrought are on the increase due to climatic change and global warming.

War

Destruction of food and livestock and systematically wrecking localmarkets, and Fields and water wells are often mined or contaminated

PovertyFarmers often cannot afford seed to plant the crops

No land or water or education to lay the foundations for a secure future.

Lack of Agricultural Infrastructure

Enough roads, warehouses and irrigation. The results are high transport costs, lack ofstorage facilities and unreliable water supplies

Over-exploitation of environment

Poor farming practices, deforestation, overcropping and overgrazing exhaust thefertility of land

Threat from erosion, salination and desertification.


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WATER SCARCITY
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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1950-51

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2010-11

2020-21

2030-31

36.9844.5855.5

69.0485.05

101.76118.21

134.08148.48

50.82

82.02

108.43129.59

176.39196.81

241.6

291

342

POPULATION

(IN CRORES)

TOTAL FOOD

GRAIN

PRODUCTION(

MILLIONTONNES)


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WATER SCARCITY
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What is sustainability?

IT IS IMPROVING THE QUALITY OFHUMAN LIFE WHILE LIVING WITHIN THE

CARRYING CAPACITY OF SUPPORTINGECO-SYSTEMS


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Food security lab to land

The problem before us is how to feed billions of newmouths

over the next several decades and save the rest of life at the

same time, without being trapped in a Faustian bargain thatthreatens freedom from security. The benefits must come

from an evergreen revolution. The aim of this new thrust is

to lift food production well above the level attained by the

green revolution of the 1960s, using technology and

regulatory policy more advanced and even safer than now in

existence

- Edward O. Wilson, 2002

The Future of life


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No Time to Relax

Shaping our Agricultural Future Population rich but land hungry countries like China and

India have no option except to produce more food grains

and other agricultural commodities per units of land and

water under conditions of diminishing per capita availability

of arable land and irrigation water, and of expanding biotic and abiotic stresses. Such a challenge can be met only by

harnessing the best in frontier technologies and blending

them with our rich heritage of ecological prudence.

Ecotechnologies for an Ever-green revolution should be the

bottom line of our strategy to shape our agricultural future.


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Biotechnology

Biotechnology and GM CropsGenetically modified soya bean? Centre for Science andEnvironmentGenetically-modified (GM) crops, in which a gene of desiredcharacteristic is transposed from one plant to another, are the most extreme andcontroversial output of the biotechnology companies. Although the technologyhas so far concentrated on overcoming weeds and pests, it has potential torespond to nutritional needs or drought and salinity brought on by climate change.

Claiming higher yields, and lower chemical inputs, GM crops feature prominentlyin macro-solutions to the global food crisis. However, the technology depends oncapital intensive farming and the intellectual property rights are held by a smallnucleus of corporations dominated by Monsanto.

These characteristics have limited appeal in the poorest countries whose farmers

are accustomed to the right to save their own seeds. Very few countries in Africahave adopted GM crops and 2010 saw thelandmark rejection of a modifiedaubergine plant by the Indian government.
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Organic Farming v/s Green Revolution

farming

Farming practices that maintain and increaselong-term soil fertility and prevent pest anddiseases.

In traditional rain-fed agriculture (with low-inputexternal inputs), organic agriculture has thepotential to increase yields.

Multiple cropping systems, such as those

developed by small holders and subsistencefarmers, show higher yields in terms of totalharvest per unit area


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Effect of chemical pollutants and

adulterants on Food and food products


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The way ahead

Our ability to achieve a paradigm shift from

green to an ever-green revolution and our

ability to face the challenges of global

warming and sea level rise will depend uponour ability to harmonise organic farming and

the new genetics.

Food security – lab to land.pptx

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