Food Insecurity in West, Central and East Food Insecurity in West, Central and East AfricaAfrica

Alerts in the West: Alerts in the West: Burkina FasoBurkina Faso

WFP fears that up to 75% of urban WFP fears that up to 75% of urban dwellers might be unable to access dwellers might be unable to access adequate food stocks as the struggle adequate food stocks as the struggle with the combined effects of a bad 2007 with the combined effects of a bad 2007 harvest and high global food prices (july harvest and high global food prices (july food security survey)food security survey)

Civil unrest in cities due to price hikesCivil unrest in cities due to price hikes Rainy season from July to September Rainy season from July to September

could lead to floodingcould lead to flooding

Alerts in the West: GHANAAlerts in the West: GHANA

Latest country in West Africa that Latest country in West Africa that announced its struggle to manage announced its struggle to manage the national budget in the face of the national budget in the face of spiraling world food prices for fuel spiraling world food prices for fuel and food.and food.

Alerts in the West :LIBERIAAlerts in the West :LIBERIA Every second household inrural and semi rural Every second household inrural and semi rural

Liberia is food insecure;Liberia is food insecure; 62% of rice in Liberia is imported62% of rice in Liberia is imported 92% of urban dwellers depend on imported rice92% of urban dwellers depend on imported rice Rice price now stands at 29 USD per kgRice price now stands at 29 USD per kg Only 2 months stock available in reservesOnly 2 months stock available in reserves Huge impact expected on urban poorHuge impact expected on urban poor The 1979 riots were about rice costs and The 1979 riots were about rice costs and

contributory factor to 14 years of warcontributory factor to 14 years of war Liberia’s U5 mortality rate is the highest in the Liberia’s U5 mortality rate is the highest in the

worldworld

Alerts in the West:NIGERAlerts in the West:NIGER Poorly functioning markets and very high Poorly functioning markets and very high

grain pricesgrain prices Worsening food insecurity in various regionsWorsening food insecurity in various regions Deteriorating terms of trade for farmersDeteriorating terms of trade for farmers Increased migration patterns (Maradi, Increased migration patterns (Maradi,

Zinder,Diffa)Zinder,Diffa) Lean season from June –Aug might lead to Lean season from June –Aug might lead to

further deteriorationfurther deterioration 12% of the population experiences severe 12% of the population experiences severe

food insecurity alreadyfood insecurity already

Alerts in the East: Alerts in the East: ETHIOPIAETHIOPIA

Due to the combined impact of drought, food price Due to the combined impact of drought, food price hikes , inflation (46%)and devaluation of hikes , inflation (46%)and devaluation of livestock,some 4.6 million people are requiring livestock,some 4.6 million people are requiring emergency assistance (revised Joint Govt. emergency assistance (revised Joint Govt. &Partners Plan)&Partners Plan)

Conflict related vulnerability in the Ogaden Conflict related vulnerability in the Ogaden continues to risecontinues to rise

Rural vulnerability high until end of October , when Rural vulnerability high until end of October , when harvests are dueharvests are due

Alarming levels of food insecurity in the southern Alarming levels of food insecurity in the southern and south eastern regionsand south eastern regions

75,000 children suffer from severe acute 75,000 children suffer from severe acute malnutrition alreadymalnutrition already

Alerts in the East: ERITREAAlerts in the East: ERITREA

Food insecurity due to mixed Food insecurity due to mixed rainfall patterns and inflationrainfall patterns and inflation

Devloping drought Devloping drought Some 2 million people could Some 2 million people could

potentially be affectedpotentially be affected Regional tensions could lead to Regional tensions could lead to

massive displacements further massive displacements further aggravating the situationaggravating the situation

Alerts in the East: Alerts in the East: DJIBOUTIDJIBOUTI

Succesive droughts, high staple food prices, Succesive droughts, high staple food prices, decreased remittances, high inflation, border conflict decreased remittances, high inflation, border conflict with Eritrea, limited stocks of food and lack of with Eritrea, limited stocks of food and lack of resources may lead to famineresources may lead to famine

Worst case scenario: 341,000 people affected (54% Worst case scenario: 341,000 people affected (54% of the total population)of the total population)

Low rainfall in June (50-95% below normal)Low rainfall in June (50-95% below normal) High likelihood that urban poor are particularly High likelihood that urban poor are particularly

vulnerable (unemployment, high prices, seasonal vulnerable (unemployment, high prices, seasonal income decline)income decline)

Djibouti city experiences critical water shortages – Djibouti city experiences critical water shortages – water rationing in placewater rationing in place

Possible triggers for social unrestPossible triggers for social unrest

Alerts in the EAST: Alerts in the EAST: SOMALIASOMALIA

Low « gu » rains - many regions received less Low « gu » rains - many regions received less than 40% rainthan 40% rain

Harsh dry season -extensive drought Harsh dry season -extensive drought High inflationHigh inflation Negative impact on livestockNegative impact on livestock Lack of access & insecurity hampering delivery Lack of access & insecurity hampering delivery

of assistanceof assistance Lack of resourcesLack of resources 3 million beneficiaries targeted /317,841 MT 3 million beneficiaries targeted /317,841 MT

neededneeded

Alerts in the East: CHADAlerts in the East: CHAD High prices (60% increase compared to High prices (60% increase compared to

2007), 2007), Escalation of conflict and related access Escalation of conflict and related access

issuesissues Non return of IDPs to agricultural land ,Non return of IDPs to agricultural land , Reduction of rations, Reduction of rations, 2 successive poor agricultural seasons2 successive poor agricultural seasons Impact on urban poor and IDPS (180,000) Impact on urban poor and IDPS (180,000)

and refugees( 250,000+60,000), 700,000 and refugees( 250,000+60,000), 700,000 host familieshost families

High Level Task Force on the High Level Task Force on the Global Food crisisGlobal Food crisis

Developed a Comprehensive Framework of Developed a Comprehensive Framework of Action (CFA) of the UN system (including WB)Action (CFA) of the UN system (including WB)

Structural crisis identified needing response Structural crisis identified needing response to stabilise global food markets , increase to stabilise global food markets , increase investment, address trade issues (i.e. investment, address trade issues (i.e. taxation)taxation)

Bridge divides between humanitarian and Bridge divides between humanitarian and development assistance : food aid and development assistance : food aid and nutrition, smallholder farming and nutrition, smallholder farming and agriculture, local and regional food markets agriculture, local and regional food markets and global trade.and global trade.

Contributions so farContributions so far WFP: 1.2 billion USD WFP: 1.2 billion USD

additional assistance additional assistance for 62 countriesfor 62 countries

CERF: 100 million USD CERF: 100 million USD reserve for food related reserve for food related emergency responseemergency response

UNICEF: 50 million USD UNICEF: 50 million USD for enhanaced nutrition for enhanaced nutrition assessments in 41 assessments in 41 countriescountries

IMF: 180 million USD IMF: 180 million USD (Poverty Reduction and Growth (Poverty Reduction and Growth Program) –10 countriesProgram) –10 countries

FAO: distribtuion of FAO: distribtuion of seeds, fertilizer and seeds, fertilizer and other inputs in 54 other inputs in 54 countries countries (ISFP – Initiative on (ISFP – Initiative on Soaring Food Prices)Soaring Food Prices)

IFAD: 200 million USD IFAD: 200 million USD reallocation for reallocation for smallholder farmers to smallholder farmers to access inputs in 14 access inputs in 14 countriescountries

WB: 1.2 billion USD for WB: 1.2 billion USD for expanding safety nets, expanding safety nets, agricultural agricultural inputs,critical imports inputs,critical imports (Food Crisis Response Program)(Food Crisis Response Program)

Issues/QuestionsIssues/Questions

The CFA is no funding instrument- how The CFA is no funding instrument- how to move forward on financial needs to to move forward on financial needs to respond to the global food crisis?respond to the global food crisis?

How to facilitate country Level /regional How to facilitate country Level /regional level coordination mechanisms ?level coordination mechanisms ?

How to synergize humanitarian and How to synergize humanitarian and longer term development?longer term development?

How to strenghten early warning How to strenghten early warning analysis and monitoring of impact of analysis and monitoring of impact of interventions?interventions?