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Food animal transmitted helminthes

Tape worm

Cestodes :

Tapeworm resemble a ribbon (taenia) , ac to their name

The adult form is found in the small intestine of carnivorous animals (Man, Dog).

The larval form is found in herbivorous animals. (Cattle)

Life cycle :-

*Adults are attached to the mucous membrane of the small intestaine by suckers on the head.

3 distinct parts

Head, neck, segmented body.

Each segment hermaphroditic produce egg.

(copulate with another segment of the same worm or another worm.)

* eggs are passed in the stools are infective.

* Each egg contains a ciliated spherical embryo known as hexacanth (six hooks lets).

* The are swallowed by the intermediate host along with faces \fodder\food.

* Then coming out of the egg (larva) burraos through the wall of the intestine into sub mucous blood

vessels ,goes Organs of choice eg:- liver, muscle, convert larval stage.

This is swallowed by the definitive host with meat.

Then develop into the adult tapeworm.

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Adult egg passed herb animal intestine of

man matured adult

With stool muscle or liver

Convert larva

Teania saginta

(Beef tape worm)

Adult warm 4 10 meter long has about 1000 segments.

( less than 4 woms in one host liver for several years)

Larva is found in liver and muscle of cattle can live about 6 month.

(rare in Hindus)

Teania solium.

(pork tape worm)

Infection get by eating infected pork.

(rare in Muslims)

Adult 4 meter long. Lives for many years.

Meat uses - regular inspection. Prolong cooking of meat.

Raw meat should be avoided.

Cattle should not be allowed to eat human excreta or contaminated grass. Proper disposal of human excreta. Treatment for all cases.

o NiclosamideTaenia Barbae

Cruris Ring worm infection

Nedis

Horny layer of skin

Grisofolvin long term.

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Itch mite

Sarcoptes scabiei

Connective agent for scabies.

Infestation is more common when living is congested.

All the 4 stages of parasite (egg, larva, nymph & adult) are competed in the skin during about 2 weeks.

The adult 0.4 mm in length & oval shape.

The male dies after mating & female cause for disease.

Common skin area,

Interdigital webs,

Wrists, elbows, feet, penis, crotum, buttocks.

Clinical features appears after sanitation of the skin over a period of a month or two.

To start with erythematous, patches.

There develop in to papules & vesicles.

Itching is intense at night , which leads to scratching & secondary infection.

Prevention:-

Direct contact with the infected person.

Should be avoid, proper personal hygiene.

Treatment:-

20 -25% Benzyl benzoate emulsion BP cram.

Hot bath with soap a water.

Scrub affected pats with brush.

Rub in the medicine all over the body.

Put clean cloth & no bath for 48 hours.

Old cloths should be sterilized by boiling.

5% sulpher ointment

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