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Transcript of FOG
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FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
NOTES
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Learning Target #1
I can define government and I can explain the ways in which it works to serve society.
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Frayer Model
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Purposes of Government
1.Provide security– Maintain law and order– Provide public services– Maintain other institutions
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Learning Target #2
I can identify the various forms of government in the world and I can describe the sources of power for each.
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Learning Target #3
I can evaluate how effective the various forms of government have been in serving society.
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Autocracy
A system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual
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Monarchy
Autocracy in which a king, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of government
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Absolute Monarchy
A system of government in which the monarch has complete and unlimited power to rule his or her people• Source of Power?
o Divine Right
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Absolute Monarchy
Example: France, 1600sLouis XIV
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Constitutional Monarchy
A system of government in which the monarch shares power with elected legislatures or serves mainly as a ceremonial leader of government• Source of Power?
o Constitution
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Constitutional Monarchy
Example: Great BritainQueen Elizabeth II PM Gordon Brown
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Dictatorship
Autocracy in which an individual seizes power by force and exercises unlimited power• Source of Power?
o Military
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Dictatorship
Example: North KoreaKim Jong Il
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Dictatorship
Other Famous Dictators• Adolf Hitler in Germany• Pol Pot in Cambodia• Augusto Pinochet in Chile• Josef Stalin in USSR• Mao Zedong in China
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Dictatorship
ADVANTAGES• People may be
united in their loyalty to a dictator.
• A dictator can move quickly to take action.
DISADVANTAGES• People are often
given little or no freedom.
• A dictator’s policies may suit only his own needs.
• Decision-making has a narrow base.
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Oligarchy
A system of government in which most political power rests with a small segment of society
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Democracy
A system of government in which the people rule
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The Pillars of Democracy
• Sovereignty of the people• Consent of the governed• Majority rule• Minority rights• Guarantee of basic human rights• Free & fair elections• Equality before the law• Due process of the law• Limited government• Diversity• Cooperation• Compromise
Source: US Department of State
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Direct Democracy
A form of democracy in which people govern themselves by voting on issues• Source of Power?
o The peopleo Constitution
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Direct Democracy
ADVANTAGES• Every citizen has
equal say in govt.• Broad base of
support and loyalty.• Individual rights are
protected.
DISADVANTAGES• Only works with a
small number of people.
• Time-consuming.
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Representative Democracy
A form of democracy in which the people elect representatives and give them the responsibility and power to make and conduct government• Source of Power?
o The peopleo Constitution
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Representative Democracy
ADVANTAGES
• Citizens are involved.• Representatives know
their job depends on keeping citizens happy.
• Likely that all elements of the population involved.
• Reps usually educated with time to devote to gov’t problems.
DISADVANTAGES
• Decision-making is time-consuming.
• Reps may want to please everyone.
• Reps may not always agree with those they represent.
• Citizens may not get involved in gov’t.