Focus On Life Science - Weebly

Materials Needed Today Please take these materials out of your backpack.

• Pencil

• Pass forward your Genetics Packet

Hot Sync Wednesday11/6/13

Answer the following questions in complete sentences on your hotsync

paper.

1) What would you do if you

knew that later in your life

you were going to get

cancer?

Punnett square

pedigree

incomplete dominance

codominance

multiple alleles

sex chromosomes

polygenic inheritance

genetic disorder

4.2 Understanding Inheritance


• Pencil

• Highlighter

• Text books

Hot Sync Wednesday 11/5/14

Answer the following questions in complete sentences on your hotsync

paper.

1) Describe as best as you

can: how does a baby

inherit genes from his or her

mother and father?

2) Regarding yourself, what is

your favorite phenotype?

Do you think the genotype for

that phenotype is recessive or

dominate? Why?

Genetics Packet

• Today you will highlight important information as you read through the packet.

• Finish through #7 on page 5 by tomorrow.

Team Roles—Genetics packet

• Reader– One person will read the packet to the team as the team members follow along. (the reader may allow others to help read.) Occasionally stop and summarize what was just read.

• Facilitator– One person will make sure that every person is involved and on task, making sure everyone’s opinion is heard and accepted.

• Recorder/reporter– make sure that every one in their team has the answers written down on their own packets. They will also report for the group when necessary.

• Affirmer/Timekeeper– will make sure to encourage and affirm all group members throughout the lesson. They will also make sure to keep an eye on the time and notify the group.

Modeling Inheritance

– Punnett square

– pedigree

• Two tools can be used to identify and predict traits among genetically related individuals.


Heredity

http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/007874184x/student_view0/brainpop_movies.html


Punnett Squares

• If the genotypes of the parents are known, the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring can be predicted.

• A Punnett square is a model used to predict possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring.


One-Trait Model

• The Punnett square shows the possible offspring of a cross between two true-breeding pea plants—one with yellow seeds and one with green.


One-Trait Model (cont.)

– The phenotype will be yellow seeds because Y is dominant to y.

– The only possible genotype for hybrid offspring is heterozygous—Yy.


One-Trait Model (cont.)


Two-Trait Model

• The possible offspring of two heterozygous genotypes—Yy and Yy—would have three different genotypes and two phenotypes.


Pedigrees

• All the genetically related members of a family are part of a family tree.


• A pedigree shows genetic traits that were inherited by members of a family tree.

• Pedigrees are important tools for tracking complex pattern of inheritance and genetic disorders in families.

Pedigrees (cont.)


A pedigree chart that shows three generations of a family.

Types of Dominance

• Alleles show incomplete dominance when they produce a phenotype that is a blend of the parents’ phenotypes.

• When both alleles can be observed in the phenotype, the interaction is called codominance.


– The human blood type AB is an example of codominance.

Multiple Alleles

• Some genes have more than two alleles, or multiple alleles.

• The human ABO blood group is determined by multiple alleles as well as codominance.

• There are three different alleles for the ABO blood type—IA, IB, and i.


Multiple Alleles (cont.)


Sex-Linked Inheritance

• Chromosomes X and Y are the sex chromosomes—they contain the genes that determine gender or sex.


• Except for sperm and eggs, each cell in a male has an X and a Y chromosome, and each cell in a female has two X chromosomes.

• A recessive phenotype is observed in a male when a one-allele gene on his X chromosome has a recessive allele.

Sex-Linked Inheritance (cont.)


In this family, the

grandmother’s genome

included the color

blindness allele.

Polygenic Inheritance

• Polygenic inheritance is when multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait.


• Many phenotypes are possible when possible when polygenic inheritance determines a trait.

Maternal Inheritance

• Humans inherit mitochondrial genes only from their mothers.


• Inheritance of traits related to the mitochondria can be traced from grandmother to grandchildren.

How are the traits of parents inherited and expressed in offspring?

CA%20Sci7%20Lab%2004/LS05.html





Human Genetic Disorders

• If a change occurs in a gene, the organism with the mutation may not be able to function as it should.


• An inherited mutation can result in a phenotype called a genetic disorder.

Human Genetic Disorders (cont.)


Genes and the Environment

• An organism’s environment can affect its phenotype.

– Genes affect heart disease, but so do diet and exercise.

– Genes affect skin color, but so does exposure to sunlight.


Lesson 2 Review

Punnett squares model the ____ of offspring.

A genotypes

B phenotypes

C genotypes and phenotypes

D genes


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Lesson 2 Review

What is the term for when alleles produce a phenotype that is a blend of the parents’ phenotypes?

A incomplete dominance

B codominance

C multiple alleles

D polygenic inheritance


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Lesson 2 Review

How many Y chromosomes do females have?

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 4


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D


• Pencil

• Text books

• Notes

• Chpt 4 Lesson 1 Review

Hot Sync Thursday 9/26/13

Copy the following table and fill in the first two columns in complete

sentences on a blank sheet of paper.

• Get your notes in order!!!!

The Punnett Square

• http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=25998


• Pencil

• Test Corrections pass up

• Article Pass Up

Hot Sync Friday 9/27/13

Copy the following table and fill in the first two columns in complete

sentences on a blank sheet of paper.

If a White rabbit and a Black

(NOT PURE BRED) rabbit

have offspring, what percent of

the offspring will have White

Fur? Black Fur? (USE A

PUNNETT Square!)

Lab

• Finish Traits packet (graph)

• When finished answer #’s 1-4 on Page 193 regarding your packet.

Lesson 1 Review

What is the passing of traits from parents to offspring called?

A inheritance

B genetics

C heredity

D allele

4.1 Foundations of Genetics

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Lesson 1 Review

What are the alleles that make up an organism called?

A genes

B genotype

C phenotype

D factors


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Lesson 1 Review

If two alleles for a gene have the same information, what kind of genotype does that gene have?

A homologous

B recessive

C heterozygous

D homozygous


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What is the term for the idea that offspring are a blend of genetic material from both parents?

A polygenic inheritance

B sex-linked inheritance

C maternal inheritance

D blending inheritance

Chapter Assessment 1

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What type of alleles can only be observed in the phenotype when they are present as a homozygous genotype?

A dominant

B recessive

C inherited

D heterozygous


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What is a good example of a trait that is determined by multiple alleles?

A color of camellia flowers

B human AB blood type

C color blindness

D human ABO blood group


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Why are male humans more likely to be color-blind than females?

A maternal inheritance


C polygenic inheritance

D incomplete dominance


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

If two plants with genotypes Mm are crossed, what percent of the offspring will have phenotype M?

A 0%

B 25%

C 75%

D 100%

CA Standards Practice 2

SCI 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What is the term for when more than one gene determine a trait?


B multiple alleles


D sex-linked inheritance


SCI 2.c, 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Which does NOT describe Mendel’s experiments?

A Mendel observed several generations of plants.

B Mendel chose pea plants because they reproduce quickly.

C Mendel counted small numbers of offspring.

D Mendel used true-breeding plants.


SCI 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

End of Lesson 2

Chapter Resources Menu

Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding feature.

Chapter Assessment

California Standards Practice

Concepts in Motion

Image Bank

Science Online

Interactive Table

Virtual Lab

BrainPOP

http://www.ca7.msscience.com/



Some people just don’t have the “coordination” gene

http://blip.tv/paul1616/funniest-videos-of-

people-falling-down-1-4054360

What is the term for the idea that offspring are a blend of genetic material from both parents?

A polygenic inheritance


C maternal inheritance

D blending inheritance


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What type of alleles can only be observed in the phenotype when they are present as a homozygous genotype?

A dominant

B recessive

C inherited

D heterozygous


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What is the term for the idea that inheritance of one trait is not influenced by inheritance of another trait?

A law of independent assortment

B law of heredity

C law of segregation

D maternal inheritance


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What is a good example of a trait that is determined by multiple alleles?

A color of camellia flowers

B human AB blood type

C color blindness

D human ABO blood group


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Why are male humans more likely to be color-blind than females?

A maternal inheritance



D incomplete dominance


A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Which pea trait did Mendel not study?

A seed color

B pod color

C flower position

D flower shape


SCI 2.c

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

If two plants with genotypes Mm are crossed, what percent of the offspring will have phenotype M?

A 0%

B 25%

C 75%

D 100%


SCI 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What is the term for when more than one gene determine a trait?


B multiple alleles


D sex-linked inheritance


SCI 2.c, 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Which does NOT describe Mendel’s experiments?

A Mendel observed several generations of plants.

B Mendel chose pea plants because they reproduce quickly.

C Mendel counted small numbers of offspring.

D Mendel used true-breeding plants.


SCI 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

What type of genetic disorder is hemophilia?

A dominant

B X-linked recessive

C codominant

D recessive


SCI 2.d

A B C D

0% 0%0%0%

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

Concepts in Motion 1

Concepts in Motion 2

Image Bank

Interactive Table

Pea Traits Studied by Mendel

07_Ch4_l1.swf

07_Ch4_l1.swf

07_Ch4_l1.swf

End of Resources

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